Horizon suffixes: n vs. s vs. sa and ca vs. k

Mitchell, see the lab manual for details, BUT I recommend you focus on learning the diagnostic horizons (e.g. Bn, Bt etc.)

For the lab manual:

n = presence of a high % of Na ions. It is used with B alone (Bn), or B and t (Bnt). It leads to distinctive prismatic or columnar structure.

s = accumulation of soluble salts, e.g. Cs

sa = secondary enrichment of salts more soluble than Ca and Mg carbonates (generally Na). The concentration of salts exceeds that in the un-enriched parent material. You may see a Csa horizon for example.

So since Solonetzic soils have a Bn horizon, meaning a high percentage of exchangeable sodium, does this mean this horizon will be sodic?

Yes