Science:Math Exam Resources/Courses/MATH307/December 2012/Question 01 (c)

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MATH307 December 2012

  •  Q1 (a)  •  Q1 (b)  •  Q1 (c)  •  Q1 (d)  •  Q1 (e)  •  Q2 (a)  •  Q2 (b)  •  Q3 (a)  •  Q3 (b)  •  Q3 (c)  •  Q3 (d)  •  Q3 (e)  •  Q4 (a)  •  Q4 (b)  •  Q4 (c)  •  Q4 (d)  •  Q4 (e)  •  Q5 (a)  •  Q5 (b)  •  Q5 (c)  •  Q5 (d)  •  Q6 (a)  •  Q6 (b)  •  Q6 (c)  •  Q6 (d)  •  Q6 (e)  •  Q6 (f)  •  

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  •  December 2012  •  April 2013  •  April 2012  •  April 2006  •  December 2008  •  December 2010  •  

Question 01 (c)
In this question we will work with polynomials of degree 3 written $\displaystyle p(x)=a_{1}x^{3}+a_{2}x^{2}+a_{3}x+a_{4}$ (c) The coefficient vector $\mathbf {a} =[a_{1},a_{2},a_{3},a_{4}]^{T}$ satisfies an equation of the form Ba=b when the graph of p(x) passes through the points (0,1), (1,2) and (2,2). Write down the matrix B and the vector b.

Make sure you understand the problem fully: What is the question asking you to do? Are there specific conditions or constraints that you should take note of? How will you know if your answer is correct from your work only? Can you rephrase the question in your own words in a way that makes sense to you?

If you are stuck, check the hint below. Consider it for a while. Does it give you a new idea on how to approach the problem? If so, try it!

Hint
We have three points which should generate three linear equations for the unknown coefficients. How can we turn this into a matrix?

Checking a solution serves two purposes: helping you if, after having used the hint, you still are stuck on the problem; or if you have solved the problem and would like to check your work. If you are stuck on a problem: Read the solution slowly and as soon as you feel you could finish the problem on your own, hide it and work on the problem. Come back later to the solution if you are stuck or if you want to check your work. If you want to check your work: Don't only focus on the answer, problems are mostly marked for the work you do, make sure you understand all the steps that were required to complete the problem and see if you made mistakes or forgot some aspects. Your goal is to check that your mental process was correct, not only the result.

Solution

$p(x)$ passes through $(0,1),(1,2)$ and $(2,2)$ Mathematically, for p(0)=1, $\displaystyle {}a_{1}(0)^{3}+a_{2}(0)^{2}+a_{3}(0)+a_{4}=a_{4}=1,$ for p(1)=2, $\displaystyle {}a_{1}(1)^{3}+a_{2}(1)^{2}+a_{3}(1)+a_{4}=a_{1}+a_{2}+a_{3}+a_{4}=2,$ and for p(2)=2, $\displaystyle {}a_{1}(2)^{3}+a_{2}(2)^{2}+a_{3}(2)+a_{4}=8a_{1}+4a_{2}+2a_{3}+a_{4}=2.$ The systems above can be written in a form of $B{\vec {a}}={\vec {b}}$ ${\begin{bmatrix}8&4&2&1\\1&1&1&1\\0&0&0&1\end{bmatrix}}{\begin{bmatrix}a_{1}\\a_{2}\\a_{3}\\a_{4}\end{bmatrix}}={\begin{bmatrix}2\\2\\1\end{bmatrix}}$ where $B={\begin{bmatrix}8&4&2&1\\1&1&1&1\\0&0&0&1\end{bmatrix}},{\vec {b}}={\begin{bmatrix}2\\2\\1\end{bmatrix}}$

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