Documentation:RelLex/Online Tlingit Verb Dictionary
Online Tlingit Verb Dictionary
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Language Name
Tlingit.
Alternate Language Names
Lingít.
Region
British Columbia, Yukon, Canada; Alaska, United States.
Who
Keri Eggleston (Compiler).
Others Involved
Organisations
National Science Foundation, National Endowment for the Humanities, Administration for Native Americans, Sealaska Heritage Institute, Central Council of the Tlingit and Haida Indian Tribes of Alaska (Support).
Individuals
Dr. Richard Dauenhauer, Nora Marks Dauenhauer (Initial Researchers); Lillian Austin, Irene Cadiente, George Davis, Anna Katzeek, David Katzeek, Anita Lafferty, John Marks, June Pegues, Helen Sarabia (Elders and Language Consultants); Lorraine Adams, Mary Anderson, Bessie Cooley, Vida Davis, Ruth Demmert, Lena Farkas, William Fawcett, Clarence Jackson, Paul Jackson, Nellie Lord, Ethel Makinen, John Martin, Alfred McKinley, Irene Paul, George Ramos, Walter Soboleff, Theodore Valle Sr., Frank White, Fred White (Fluent Speakers); Dr. Jeff Leer (Expert Consultant); Dionne Cadiente-Laiti, Edward Hotch, Donald Gregory, John Archambeau, David Hays (Providers for Elders); Dr. Alice Taff, Hans Chester (Audio Contributors); Dr. Jordan Lachler, Sean Burke, Jeremy Andrews, Alan Buseman, Karen Buseman (Website Contributors); Andrew Williams (Research Assistant); George Davis, Lillian Austin, Florence Sheakley (Elders and Consultants).
Publishing Information
The website was created September 18th, 2014, and was last updated on September 15th, 2022.
How People are Cited
The compiler is cited on the main page of the website. All other contributors are cited under Acknowledgements and Project History, found in More information on the website's main page.
How Information is Cited
The information in this dictionary is cited under Acknowledgements and Project History, Methodology and References Cited; found in More information on the main page.
Where is Information Coming from
The information in this dictionary comes from previous work by Dr. Richard Dauenhauer and Nora Marks Dauenhauer as well as speakers, Elders, linguists and various consultants. Many previous works which were referenced are included in the References Cited document on the website.
In the 1990s Dr. Richard Dauenhauer and Nora Marks Dauenhauer documented conjugated forms of Tlingit verbs for the Intermediate Tlingit textbook. Dr. Richard Dauenhauer and Nora Marks Dauenhauer passed their data files and this project on to the compiler, Keri Eggleston. Keri Eggleston then held regular meetings with fluent Elders in Juneau between 2005 and 2009 to document additional verb forms.
Tools and Framework used
This dictionary is a text based website designed specifically for this project. Additional information such as an introduction to the website and grammatical information is linked in Word documents. A link is provided to additional Tlingit example sentences with audio, making some sections of this website multimedia.
Access
This dictionary is open access.
Included Languages and Directionality
Tlingit to English, English to Tlingit. Each translation direction is a separate section, and can be accessed in any order.
Dialects Included
No dialect is specified for this dictionary, although the Acknowledgments and Project History document identifies that most of the entries and verb forms included in this dictionary came from fluent Elders in Juneau. Occasionally other fluent speakers in Sitka and Yakutat also contributed. This dictionary is likely primarily Northern Tlingit.
Type of Dictionary
This is a bilingual, bi-directional verb list. Example sentence are included in a separate section from the main verb list, and are not associated with specific dictionary entries.
How are Entries Organised
The verb list is divided into two main sections: Tlingit index and English index. There are separate links from the website homepage for either index.
In both indexes, entries are organized alphabetically, with the Tlingit to English index organized alphabetically by latin character with special characters following standard character (e.g. t proceeds t'). The Tlingit entries are all roots.
Additional usage and grammatical information is included in the Tlingit to English index. Clicking on the Tlingit entry will first open up usage information on argument structure. From there, clicking on the highlighted English gloss will open up the entire verbal paradigm.
Other Features
| Feature | Included | More Information |
|---|---|---|
| Guide to use and understand | ✅ | |
| Audio | ✅ | They recommend not using Safari, as the phrases may not load properly |
| Images | ❌ | |
| Example phrases | ✅ | In a separate section |
| Speakers marked | ❌ | Speakers are cited but not marked in entries |
| Dialects marked | ❌ |
Other Notes
The website's main page has a tab titled More information which takes the user to an information page with the following pages: Acknowledgements and Project History, Introduction to website, Methodology, The Verb Theme, Verb Stem Variation, Prefix Combinations, The Modes, 575+ Tlingit Verbs: A study of Tlingit Verb Paradigms (dissertation by Keri Eggleston), and References Cited.
It is recommended to read the guides found under More information to better understand and navigate the information published on the website. Initial examples can be tricky to understand without knowing the shorthands used. Accessing the verbal paradigms in the Tlingit index and English index is unintuitive, although instructions are provided on the main page of the website.
External Links
Open access Online Tlingit Verb Dictionary website: http://ankn.uaf.edu/~tlingitverbs/
Open access link to Keri Eggleston's 2013 thesis, 575+ Tlingit Verbs: A study of Tlingit Verb Paradigms: http://ankn.uaf.edu/~tlingitverbs/Dissertation_Eggleston.pdf