Documentation:RelLex/English and Muskokee Dictionary
English and Muskokee Dictionary
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Language Name
Creek-Seminole.
Alternate Language Names
Creek, Mvskoke, Muscogee, Muskogee.
Region
Oklahoma, Alabama, Georgia, and Florida, United States.
Who
Rev. R. M. Loughridge; David M. Hodge (interpreter).
Others Involved
Rev. John Fleming, the first Presbyterian Missionary to the Creeks, started this dictionary as a small collection of words in 1832. There is no information in the 1890 or 1914 editions about others involved. We are unable to access the 1964 or 2010 edition for information on others involved in this project.
Publishing Information
This dictionary was originally published 1890 by the Creek Mission, Indian Territory. It has been reprinted multiple times, including: by the Westminster Press, Philadelphia, in 1914; by B. Frank Belvin, Okmulgee, Oklahoma, Baptist Home Mission Board in 1964 and; by Nabu Press (and organization focused printed on bilingual language materials for children) in 2010.
For the purposes of this page we have looked at the open access 1890 and 1914 editions, as we are unable to access the newer 1964 and 2010 editions.
How People are Cited
In both the 1890 and 1914 editions people are cited on the Title Page. Other individuals who contributed to this dictionary are not cited. We are unable to access the reprinted editions to determine how people are cited.
How Information is Cited
This dictionary does not cite the source of most of its information. Minimal information on the origins of this dictionary are included in the Preface of the 1890 and 1914 editions. We are unable to access the 1964 or 2010 editions to determine if more information is cited.
Where is Information Coming from
This dictionary does not indicate where most of the information is coming from or what sources were used, but it likely comes from work directly with speakers. Rev. John Fleming is credited with starting a small collection of words in 1832 which eventually led to the compilation of this dictionary.
Tools and Framework used
Many of the editions are available as both digital and physical books.
Access
Many of the editions are available as both digital and physical books and are accesible through libraries. The digital versions of the 1890 and 1914 editions are open access online.
Included Languages and Directionality
English to Muskokee, Muskokee to English.
Dialects Included
No dialect is specified in the 1890 or 1914 editions. We are unable to access the 1964 or 2010 editions to determine if a dialect is specified.
Type of Dictionary
This is a bilingual, bidirectional dictionary.
How are Entries Organised
Entries in this dictionary are organized alphabetically by English in the first section and by Muskokee in the second section. Entries include the headword in English or Muskokee depending on the section, followed by the translation in English or Muskokee. Some verbal entries in both sections are marked with s., p., v., and c., although the abbreviations are never defined. No other information is included in entries. Tense paradigms are included following the main sections of the dictionary.
Other Features
| Feature | Included | More Information |
|---|---|---|
| Guide to use and understand | ❌ | A brief pronunciation guide is included in the 1890 and 1914 editions, but grammatical abbreviations are not explained |
| Audio | ❌ | |
| Images | ❌ | |
| Example phrases | ❌ | |
| Speakers marked | ❌ | |
| Dialects marked | ❌ |
Other Notes
This dictionary was referenced in the compilation of A Dictionary of Creek/Muskogee: With Notes on the Florida and Oklahoma Seminole Dialects of Creek compiled by Jack B. Martin and Margaret Mauldin which was published in 2000.
There is a note on the Muskokee Alphabet page which states that "This alphabet was adopted by many Interpreters and Chiefs of the Nation at the Old Agency in 1853, as the Alphabet of the Creek Language".
External Links
Reference on WorldCat: https://search.worldcat.org/title/13268699
An open access PDF of the 1890 edition can be found here: https://static1.squarespace.com/static/590be125ff7c502a07752a5b/t/5bb42585ec212d71f6c0c38c/1538532756909/Loughridge%2C+Robert+McGill%2C+English+and+Muskokee+Dictionary.pdf
An open access PDF of the 1914 edition can be found through the Smithsonian Libraries: https://library.si.edu/digital-library/book/englishmuskokeed00loug