Documentation:RelLex/A Lushootseed Analysis of a 1877 Dictionary by George Gibbs

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A Lushootseed Analysis of a 1877 Dictionary by George Gibbs

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Language Name

Lushootseed.

Alternate Language Names

Puget Salish, Puget Sound Salish, Skagit-Nisqually, Niskwalli, tsʷəlšucid, dxʷləšucid.

Region

Washington, United States.

Who

Zalmai ʔesweli Zahir (linguist and language learner).

Others Involved

George Gibbs (ethnographer); Earnest Barr, Billy Frank, Sr., Eva Jerry, Nellie Ramirez, Ellen Williams, Vi taqʷšəblu Hillbert (speakers); Harriet Turner, Gene Sanders (resource gathering).

Publishing Information

Published 2009, Zahir Consulting Services.

How People are Cited

People are cited in the Foreward of the dictionary.

How Information is Cited

Information is cited in the Foreward, George Gibbs, and Bibliography and Other Languistic Resources sections of the dictionary.

Where is Information Coming from

This dictionary builds on George Gibbs' A Dictionary of the Nisqwalli, which was originally published in 1877, then reprinted in 1970. It is assumed that much of Gibbs' information was supplied by his Nisqually hired hand named Jack Cook. Information that has been added to Gibbs' original materials by the author comes from speakers and materials published since Gibbs' dictionary.

Tools and Framework used

This dictionary is available as a physical book and PDF.

Access

The physical book is available through institutional libraries, and the PDF is open access.

Included Languages and Directionality

Lushootseed to English; English to Lushootseed.

Dialects Included

This dictionary is primarily of the Southern dialect of Lushootseed.

Type of Dictionary

This is a bilingual, bidirectional dictionary, introduced by a brief history and grammar of Lushootseed.

How are Entries Organised

Entries are organized alphabetically by Lushootseed in Chapter 1, by English in Chapter 2, and by Lushootseed in Chapter 3.

Chapters 1 and 2 of the dictionary function as a typical bilingual dictionary. Chapter 3 contains the unknown or unrecognized words from Gibbs' dictionary.

Entries in the Lushootseed to English and English to Lushootseed sections include a headword, translation, and often some information about the use of the word.

Other Features

Feature Included More Information
Guide to use and understand
Audio
Images
Example phrases
Speakers marked
Dialects marked

Other Notes

The open access link to the PDF version may take some time to load.

This dictionary is dedicated to Vi taqʷšəblu Hilbert.

External Links

Open access link to the PDF version: https://www.puyalluptriballanguage.org/resources/GibbsFinal4.pdf

Reference on WorldCat: https://www.worldcat.org/title/11061868

A biography of the author, Zalmai ʔesweli Zahir, can be found here: https://www.puyalluptriballanguage.org/ptlp/zalmai.php