Hey

Hey Alysha,

I will look for some literature on damage ensued to the host, however, I feel that there is very little information for this component of the question. I struggled to find data pertaining to damage caused by an immune response to B. pertussis.

I'll try to find some info for H. pneumoniae and H. influenzae. Are we still doing M. tuberculosis?

I'll post what I can find tomorrow and I will format it directly into the wiki page.

Anything else I should focus on?

Hey Everyone,

I am going to create a structural framework for our answers in the wiki. I rather start this now than do it all at once.

Perhaps, you all can put the information you have compiled under the subheadings?

Sounds good.

For the immune response damage pertaining B. pertussis, there was some literature of it being an intracellular pathogen within the macrophages as it hid from antibodies, I think there was some literature discussing on how macrophages were activated to secrete proteases and superoxides causing oxidative damage to the surrounding epithelial tissue in the lungs (http://iai.asm.org/content/68/5/2819.short) , or how the leukocytosis caused pulmonary hypertension which disrupted gas exchange (http://cid.oxfordjournals.org/content/47/3/328.short)

Again I don't know if we should lump the pathogens into a similar category for this, as the damage usually comes from these methods

Yes completely understandable it took a lot of rewording the search text to find literature (or just papers that had a little sentence on it). I assume you mean S. pneum. If possible look into all three (S. pneum, M. tub, H. influ) I think we are good on B. pertussis. Let me know how the search goes and I don't mind helping.

If that search seems futile if you want to work on Bacterial evasions. See papers below.

Anti-immunology: evasion of the host immune system by bacterial and viral pathogens.Finlay, B Brett McFadden, Grant, 2006
"Modulators on Bacterial Surfaces Bacterial surfaces are complex structures which, from the host's viewpoint, present many diverse antigenic targets. A major difficulty for bacterial pathogens is hiding this complex surface of proteins and carbohydrates from immune surveillance and TLR recognition yet exposing key molecules such as adhesins and invasins. A common mechanism of masking bacterial surfaces is to express a carbohydrate capsule. This mechanism is used by most extracellular bacterial pathogens that circulate systemically within the body. For example, the pneumococcus (Streptococcus pneumoniae) relies extensively on its capsule to prevent antibody and complement deposition on its surface, thereby avoiding opsonization and phagocytic clearance. Similarly, bacteria that cause meningitis (Haemophilus influenzae, Escherchia coli K1, and Neisseria meningitidis) rely extensively on capsules to promote their extracellular lifestyle within the host by preventing antibody and complement deposition and insertion. Pathogens expressing surface capsules also often have filamentous adhesins (fimbriae and pili) that protrude through the capsular surface, enabling the adhesins to bind to host receptors yet keeping the bacterial surface hidden."
Evasion of host recognition by phase variation in Haemophilus influenzae. Clark, SE, 2013

Based on what Dr. Kelly said to me, we should be focusing on B pertussis, S.Pneumoniae, H. influenzae. Throw all other bacteria out, especially tuberculosis which is miles away from this case definition. Please remember to take her suggestions in the context of my answer to the questions, since her comments point out what is missing only in mine. If you look at my organization of the the immune response question, I gave a general overview off adaptive and innate immunity (defensin and NK need to be expanded), followed by a small section of the responses specific to B. pertussis. I feel writing a small section for the other two pathogens should be sufficient and more organized, allowing the reader to compare the 3 bacteria. I'm willing to write up on H. influenzae. Can someone do S.pneumoniae?

We need to expand on the mechanism aspects of host evasion, which two of you will take the lead on that?

Can we aim to have all research and writing done by noon Friday, leaving enough time for illustrations and formatting? Let's just present on the wiki page or in a word document converted to PDF (easy to format, download and print/save if needed). Let's aim to complete everything by noon Saturday.