KIN 500C EXERCISE ENGAGEMENT
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Introduction
Define exercise engagement?
Why is it important?
Indigenous Perspectives on Movement and health
Theoretical Frameworks
Decolonizing Cardiac Rehabilitation
Understanding exercise engagement through different theoretical frameworks is key to creating a cardiac rehabilitation program that resonates with Indigenous communities. Western models offer valuable insights into motivation and behaviour change, but a decolonized approach requires integrating Indigenous perspectives on movement, well-being, and community connection.
Barriers to Exercise Engagement
Historical and Cultural Disruptions
Many Indigenous communities face a range of barriers when it comes to participating in physical activity. These challenges are often deeply connected to the lasting impacts of colonization and the systemic issues that continue today (McKinley, 2020). A central issue is the impact of historical and intergenerational trauma. Colonial policies such as the Indian Act, residential schools, and forced relocation have disrupted traditional ways of life and severed deep connections to land, culture, and knowledge transfer across generations. Traditional forms of physical activity, such as hunting, fishing, gardening, and ceremonial dancing were once deeply woven into daily life and Indigenous identity. Traditional forms of movement once held deep cultural, spiritual, and social meaning for many Indigenous communities. The decline of these practices has contributed not only to more sedentary lifestyles but also to a weakened sense of identity and motivation around being active. Western fitness programs prioritize outcomes such as weight management and the prevention of illness. These outcomes often fail to incorporate Indigenous worldviews, which place greater importance on spiritual connection, and wholistic health and wellness. As a result, many Indigenous individuals may find these programs uninviting or even experience them as culturally insensitive or exclusionary (McKinley, 2020; Nelson et al., 2019).
Erosions of Family and Community Support
Family and community support are central to many Indigenous understandings of health and wellness. The decline and steady loss of importance regarding these support systems has made it much harder for many to maintain regular physical activity (Mainra et al., 2024). Colonization has deeply impacted intergenerational relationships, often leaving individuals without active role models or mentors. Mainra et al. (2024) note, those who received strong encouragement or participated alongside family and friends were far more likely to engage in regular physical activity. In contrast, a lack of support was linked to lower activity levels. The breakdown of community ties not only affects motivation but also limits access to the shared movement experiences that are often integral to Indigenous concepts of well-being.
Exercise Engagement in Community Population
North American Indigenous Games
The North American Indigenous Games (NAIG) are a powerful exercise initiative and community resource that support the physical, mental, emotional, and cultural well-being of Indigenous youth. As highlighted in the Indigenous Long-Term Participant Development Pathway, NAIG is more than just a sporting event, rather it is a celebration of Indigenous identity, resilience, and cultural pride through sport. These games provide a culturally safe and inclusive environment that encourages physical activity, builds self-confidence, and fosters a strong sense of belonging. Through sport and cultural expression, NAIG empowers Indigenous youth to connect with their heritage and envision a positive path forward.
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