Course:SPPH381B/TermProject/Alkaline battery- Samin/Welding

Introduction

Welding process emits hazardous fumes

Braze welding is the use of a bronze or brass filler rod coated with flux to join steel workpieces. The equipment needed for braze welding is basically identical to the equipment used in brazing. Since braze welding usually requires more heat than brazing, acetylene or methylacetylene-propadiene (MAP) gas fuel is commonly used. The name comes from the fact that no capillary action is used. Braze welding has many advantages over fusion welding. It allows the joining of dissimilar metals, minimization of heat distortion, and can reduce the need for extensive pre-heating. Additionally, since the metals joined are not melted in the process, the components retain their original shape; edges and contours are not eroded or changed by the formation of a fillet. Another effect of braze welding is the elimination of stored-up stresses that are often present in fusion welding. This is extremely important in the repair of large castings. The disadvantages are the loss of strength when subjected to high temperatures and the inability to withstand high stresses.

In the process of secondary manufacturing of the alkaline battery, a welding machine fuses for centimeter nails onto the cap of the battery this is where current collects before it's discharged the Machine ejects the cap when finished and another machine inserts it into the negative end of the battery this cap includes a safety feature crucial to rechargeable batteries it can resist high pressure but if heat or power surges cause excessive pressure a tiny vent prevents the battery from exploding the machine folds over the console lift to enclose the contents a rotating three-headed crimping machine then makes a ridge in the finished battery to reduce the chance of leakage an electrical testing machine contacts each battery for 200 milliseconds to ensure it has at least 1.5 volts these batteries will be ready to use right away no need to charge them first.

This is followed by a labeling machine uses light sensors to time the labeling of each battery causing the plastic label lists technical information and adds additional insulation then three seconds in an oven at 198 degrees Celsius shrinks the labels to a tight fit.

List of hazards

Physical hazards

1. Electric shock

2. Injuries from insufficient PPE

3. Noise

4. Burns (due to high temperature)

5. Eye injuries

6. Musculoskeletal Injuries

7. Exposure to visible light, UV and infrared radiation

8. Dangerous Machinery- accidents

Chemical hazards

1. Exposure to toxic fumes and gases (complex mixture of metallic oxides, silicates and fluorides)

2. Fire and explosions

3. UV radiation

Biological hazards

1. Asphyxiation (lack of oxygen)

2. Flu-like symptoms (alternating chills and high fever)

3. Metal fume fever

4. Bronchitis

5. Pulmonary edema (fluid in the lungs) and pneumonitis (inflammation of the lungs)

6. Gastrointestinal effects (nausea, loss of appetite, vomiting, cramps, and slow digestion)

7. Pneumoconiosis