Practice exam #3 - QUESTION 5

a) Cy: cryoturbation (translocation)

   Of: Addition of organic residues
   Cg: Gleying, which is reduction mostly and oxidation at mottles (transformations)
   LFH: Addition of organic residues and breakdown of organic residues into humic substances (transformations).
  Bfgj: Illuviation with Fe/Al oxides (strongest; translocation) and gleying, which consists of reduction in most places but oxidation at mottles (transformations)

b) Cy: Mean annual soil temperature should be less than 0 degrees Celsius. I would expect this layer in a tundra.

   Of: I would expect to find this horizon in a poorly drained area with a high water table year-round. Generally, a marsh, bog, or some kind of wetland. 
  Cg: I would expect to find this horizon in a location with poorly drainage that has a high water table for portions of the year. These landscapes would generally also be some kind of wetland probably and could have a dense parent material like basal till. 
  LFH: You would tend to find this horizon in forest ecosystems, or really any well-drained natural ecosystem should have some amount of litter on the surface in various states of decomposition, which would be an LFH horizon.
  Bfgj: You would find this kind of horizon in a somewhat poorly drained coniferous forest. 

c) #1: Vertisolic order. Diagnostic horizons: Bv, Bss, Css

   #2:  Organic order. Diagnostic horizon: Of
   #3:  Luvisolic order. Diagnostic horizon: thick Bt
   #4: Chernozemic order. Diagnostic horizon: chernozemic A
   #5: Brunisolic order. Diagnostic horizon: Bm