LIBR 509 2023 Winter Term 2

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Class Notes by Week

Week 2: Classification Principles

New Terms:

  • Categorization = process of dividing the environment into equivalent groups
    • Members of a category are similar in some way
    • Socially created, flexible, based on what’s important to user/system
  • Intension = definition or description of an object
    • Ex. Recycling, Compost, Trash
  • Extension = members or examples of an object
    • Ex. Pictures of items
  • Faceted Classification = hierarchical classification system that provides an order for information based on the combination of a set of attributes


Faceted Classification:

  • Isolate = individual value
    • Ex. Red, Yellow, Blue
  • Facet = group of isolates
    • Usually include a facet label
      • Ex. Colors
    • Sub-facet = isolates grouped together
      • Ex. Blue (facet) --> Sky Blue (sub-facet), Navy Blue (sub-facet) ** Facet classifications should be exhaustive and mutually exclusive **


3 Principles of Isolates: 1.    Homogeneity: all are the same kind of thing

2.    Mutual Exclusivity: no two overlap in meaning

3.    Joint Exhaustivity: together, isolates can cover all cases


Fundamental Categories (Ranganathan):

-       Personality (broad)

-       Matter (what is it)

-       Energy (change, process)

-       Space (volume, geography)

-       Time (duration, chronology)

Week 3: Thesaurus Principles

  • File:Readings Thesaurus.pdfUsually just take notes for myself. Hope it´s understandable. Colors (UF Colours) are subjective and I might change my ideas of how, when and why use them mid-way. But usually Blue is for terms, topics and headers; Red important stuff that didn´t fit other colors. Pink for definitions. If I upload further notes, RT Green is for things I want to ask or research more and RT Orange for things I personally found interesting but might not make much sense to thinnk about them in the moment. Sometimes I nuse purple for identifying further readings or authors.

New Terms:

  • Controlled Vocabulary = limited words a person can use for an attribute
    • Provides authority and consistency
    • Ex. Language options from a drop down list
  • Thesauri = Network of terms with a relationship to each other to classify objects
    • Applied by information professionals, not authors
    • Very flexible, can use as many terms as appropriate
  • Scope Note = Brief, optional description of how the heading/term should be used


Relationships in Thesauri

1. Equivalence

2. Hierarchical

3.  Associative

** Remember to list the relationship between two terms in both directions **


Equivalence Relationships (Use for)  

1.     Equivalent Phrases

2.     Inverted Forms

3.     Acronyms and Abbreviations

4.     Antonyms

a.     Opposite phenomenon with similar resources


Equivalent Relationships Use Cases:

  • Lead-In Terms = Terms people are expected to use that lead to preferred terms in the controlled vocabulary
    • Ex. Aeroplanes USE Airplanes
    • Ex. Creative Arts USE Art
  • Upward Posting = specific terms that appear rarely that are equivalent to a more general term
    • Ex. Cats USE Animals (if there’s not a lot of cat resources in database)


Hierarchical Relationships (Broad Term / Narrow Term)

  • Allow for greater depth and breadth across database
  • Transitive


Hierarchical Relationship Use Cases:

  1. 1.     Generic
    1. Link to a more specific type
  2. Instance
    1. Abstract concept to particular example
  3. Partitive
    1. A Link to a park
      1. Ex. Canada NT British Columbia


Associative Relationship (Related Terms)

  • Brings related concepts together that don’t have another formal relationship type
  • Non-transitive (not all items with related terms to the same object are related to each other)


Associative Relationship Use Cases:

1.     Occupations and Instruments

2.     Actions and Products

3.     Causal Relationships

4.     Field of Study and Objects Studied

Week 4: Content Standard Principles

New Terms

  • Content Schema = outline of what a information record should contain
    • Allow for authority and consistency
    • Create bibliographic relationships between catalog and collection
  • Content Standard = schemas regulated and implemented by institutions
    • How we summarize an item to anticipate search needs and strategies
    • Constrained by time, expertise and aspects of items
  • Access Points = points of a record that are searchable and filterable
  • Name Authorities = link items to specific agents to reduce ambiguity
    • Help to identify the correct person when there’s multiple people w/same name
    • Include Name, associated resources, and dates
  • Metadata: Cataloging but w/digital often changing items, necessary to control access
  • Interoperability: Metadata’s usability/readability between institutions and schemas
  • Extensibility: Level of adaptability to local needs, while can be simplified for global needs


Concepts in a Schema

Central:

-       Title

-       Creator (person, group, event)

-       Version

Other:

-       Visual description

-       Type (text, sound, etc.)

-       Publisher (and location)

-       Unique Identifier

-       What it’s about (thesaurus, class)


Dublin Core

  • Minimal standards or “common core” of metadata elements for web-based resources
  • Includes 15 main elements
    • Include general information, physical description, and intellectual content


Qualifiers = modifications of core elements for local systems that get reverted back to general core elements if software doesn’t understand it at a larger level


Examples of Dublin Core:

1.    Indiana University Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology Digital Record

2.    UBC Library and Archives Open Collections cIRcle

Week 5: Check-In

  • [add your notes here -- drop in text or link an uploaded doc]

Week 6: Classification in Libraries

  • [add your notes here -- drop in text or link an uploaded doc]

Week 7: Thesauri in Libraries

  • [add your notes here -- drop in text or link an uploaded doc]

Week 8: Content Standards in Libraries

  • [add your notes here -- drop in text or link an uploaded doc]

Week 9: Data Formats in Libraries

  • [add your notes here -- drop in text or link an uploaded doc]

Week 10: Systems Integration in Libraries

  • [add your notes here -- drop in text or link an uploaded doc]

Week 11: Systems Integration Principles

  • [add your notes here -- drop in text or link an uploaded doc]

Week 12: Wrap-Up and Review!

  • ePortfolio Prompt Questions - Google Doc with questions to help brainstorm what to write about and reflect on your assignments and experiences.
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