How to Measure Hydraulic Pressure
Hydraulic systems are dependent on maintaining the right hydraulic pressure. If the pressure is off, then performance suffers and more stress is put on the core components of the machine. This draws more power and lowers the lifespan of the machine. As you might imagine, this can be quite expensive.
Today, we will look at the tools used for measuring hydraulic pressure and then walk through the step-by-step instructions on how to measure it accurately.
Importance of Hydraulic Pressure
Hydraulic pressure is responsible for transmitting power via hydraulic fluid compression from one point to another within the system, so you need to consistently measure it. Proper maintenance of hydraulic pressure ensures optimal performance, reduces the risk of equipment failure, and extends the lifespan of hydraulic components.
Tools for Measuring Hydraulic Pressure
Pressure Gauge
This is the most common tool for measuring hydraulic pressure. These gauges are found in both digital and analog designs. The only difference is that analog gauges provide a visual representation of pressure through a needle on a scale, whereas digital gauges display numerical values.
Test Points
Most hydraulic systems have designated test points where you can check the hydraulic pressure. A pressure gauge is easily connected to these points using a threaded port. Know where these test points are located to get accurate pressure readings.
Hydraulic Adapters
Not every hydraulic system has a test point, so you’ll need to get creative and use an adaptor. Basically, you’ll detach one of the hydraulic hoses and then use an adapter to connect the pressure gauge to the system. It’s important that you use the right adapter though.
How to Measure Hydraulic Pressure – A Step-by-Step Guide
Step 1: Safety First
Safety is always the top priority. Hydraulic systems operate under extreme pressure, so they can quickly cause injuries if you aren’t careful. Before attempting any measurements, ensure that the hydraulic system is powered off and all safety precautions are in place. Refer to the machine’s documentation to find the manufacturer’s safety recommendations.
Step 2: Identify Test Points
Locate the test points where pressure measurements will be taken. Consult the system's schematics if you’re not sure where the test points are located.
Some systems won’t have a test point, so you’ll have to attach the pressure gauge to one of the hydraulic hoses using an adapter. Even if there are no built-in test points, the machine’s documentation will probably show you the best places to attach the pressure gauge.
Step 3: Connect the Pressure Gauge
Connect the pressure gauge directly to the test point. If you’re attaching an adapter, be sure it’s secure.
Step 4: Power On the System
Turn on the hydraulic system. Let the system reach normal operating conditions. This ensures that the pressure readings are representative of real-time conditions.
Step 5: Record Pressure Readings
Observe the pressure gauge and record the pressure readings. Take measurements at different points within the system to ensure that the pressure is distributed correctly throughout the machine.
Step 6: Compare Readings with Specifications
Compare the recorded pressure readings with the system specifications. Ensure that the measured pressure falls within the recommended range.
Step 7: Document and Maintenance
Document the measured pressures and any deviations from specifications. Regularly monitor hydraulic pressure and perform maintenance as needed to prevent issues. This will extend the life of the hydraulic system.
Frequently Asked Questions About How to Measure Hydraulic Pressure
How do I identify test points for measuring hydraulic pressure?
Test points are often designated on hydraulic systems and can be identified using the system schematics. They are typically equipped with threaded ports so they’re easy to connect to pressure gauges.
What should I do if pressure readings deviate from specifications?
Investigate the cause as soon as possible. Low pressure is often caused by leaks, blockages, or faulty components. Document the deviations and perform necessary maintenance. If you can not identify and fix the cause the issue promptly, you should strongly consider purchasing brand new, aftermarket hydraulic cylinders and replace your worn out cylinder(s). Faulty cylinders are not only bad for the overall performance of the machine -- they can be extremely dangerous.
How often should I measure hydraulic pressure?
Regular monitoring is essential. The frequency depends on the specific requirements of your hydraulic system, so consult the system manual. Consistency is essential though, so be sure to include pressure checks as part of your preventative maintenance routine.
Conclusion
Regularly checking the hydraulic pressure of your machines ensures that they continue to perform at a high level. Preventative maintenance improves the lifespan of hydraulic machines. Hopefully, these steps will get you started. However, it’s always a good idea to check the machine documentation before performing any kind of maintenance.