Elearning:Copyright/FAQ
The links below provide you with general information about the Canadian Copyright Act and how it affects your work within the University. In addition to this FAQ, and for more detailed information on specific topics, please see the links along the top navigation bar and the resources listed in Contacts & Resources.
Basics
General copyright information, including what it covers, how long it lasts, how you get permission to use someone's copyrighted material and how it works internationally.
1.1 What are the laws and rules relating to copyright at UBC?
1.2 What does copyright protect?
1.3 How do I know if something is protected by copyright?
1.4 What rights does a copyright owner have?
1.5 What is fair dealing and how does it relate to copyright?
1.6 Does fair dealing include teaching?
1.7 How long does copyright last?
1.8 What is meant by 'the public domain'? How do I know if something is public domain?
1.9 How does copyright work internationally?
1.10 I'm from the United States. How is copyright different here?
1.11 How do I get permission to use someone else's work?
1.12 What are moral rights and what do they have to do with copyright?
1.13 Who owns the copyright in the works I create at UBC?
1.1 What are the laws and rules relating to copyright at UBC?
The Canadian Copyright Act, court decisions and various agreements and licences entered into by the University with copyright owners and representative organizations govern the use of copyrighted materials at UBC. The Copyright Act and court decisions in Canada prescribe what you can and can't do with other people's copyrighted materials. In addition to this, UBC has license agreements with copyright owners and publishers, such as subscriptions to electronic journals, which give you additional rights to copy works that are governed by these license agreements. UBC has over 600 electronic subscription licenses that give faculty and students access to thousands of journals and millions of copyrighted works. To determine whether what you want to do is permissible, you need to check that you comply with any licences covering the work in question and/or the Copyright Act. You should ask yourself:
Is the work in question covered by a licence that the University Library has with publishers or a public licence such as a Creative Commons licence? If so, is what I want to do permissible under those licences?
If not, is what I want to do covered by the Copyright Act, either under the educational exceptions or under the fair dealing exception?
If your copying is not permitted by any licence or the Copyright Act, you will need to get permission for what you want to do from the copyright owner.
1.2 What does copyright protect?
Copyright protects all original literary, artistic, dramatic and musical works, computers programs, translations and compilations of works, as well as sound recordings, performances and communication signals. This encompasses a wide range of things, ranging from books, articles, posters, manuals and graphs, to CDs, DVDs, software, databases and websites.
1.3 How do I know if something is protected by copyright?
Copyright protection arises automatically when any one of the above types of works is created and generally continues for 50 years after the author's death (and note that translations or annotations of such works are also copyrighted). When you want to use a particular work, the safest approach is to assume that the work is protected by copyright, unless there's a clear indication to the contrary or the author has been dead for at least 50 years, and the work is not a translation or annotation of the original author's work.
1.4 What rights does a copyright owner have?
Copyright is the sole and exclusive right of a copyright owner to produce, reproduce, perform, publish, adapt, translate and telecommunicate a work, and to control the circumstances in which others may do any of these things. These rights are subject to certain exceptions under the Copyright Act which balance the copyright owner's interests with the public interest in allowing use of works for purposes such as education and research.
1.5 What is fair dealing and how does it relate to copyright?
Fair dealing is an exception in the Copyright Act that allows any person to make a single copy of a copyrighted work for the purposes of research, private study, criticism, review or news reporting. The law relating to the fair dealing exception does not provide clear answers with respect to whether exactly what is permitted copying within the fair dealing exception. When determining whether copying falls within the fair dealing exception, Canadian courts will consider the following factors:
- the purpose of the proposed copying, including whether it is for research, private study, criticism, review or news reporting;
- the character of the proposed copying, including whether it involves single or multiple copies, and whether the copy is destroyed after it is used for its specific intended purpose;
- the amount or proportion of the work which is proposed to be copied and the importance of that work;
- alternatives to copying the work, including whether there is a non-copyrighted equivalent available;
- the nature of the work, including whether it is published or unpublished; and
- the effect of the copying on the work, including whether the copy will compete with the commercial market of the original work.
In addition, if the purpose of your copying is for criticism, review or news reporting, you must also mention the source and author of the work for it to be fair dealing. For more guidance and additional information limits on the amount and nature of copying permitted under fair dealing in certain contexts, please review the UBC Fair Dealing Guidelines.
Please note that it is important to distinguish 'fair dealing' from 'fair use'. The fair use doctrine under United States copyright laws is NOT the equivalent of the fair dealing exception under Canadian copyright laws. Fair dealing as defined by the Copyright Act is more restrictive than the fair use provisions in the United States. It is therefore important to make sure that you consider Canadian legal principles and do not rely on U.S. laws.
1.6 Does fair dealing include teaching?
Although the fair dealing exception does not use the word "teaching", it would allow a teacher to make a single copy of a work for criticism or review. So if you are teaching geography, for example, and you want to discuss and critique with your students a recent study relating to eco-tourism in developing countries (which is not covered by a licence that the Library has for e-resources or any of the Copyright Act's educational exceptions), and you mention the author and source of the work, it may be considered fair dealing to share this material with your students. However, merely providing the work without any commentary or criticism would not be considered fair dealing for the purposes of criticism or review. The purpose must clearly be criticism or review and your copying must be fair, taking into account the factors under Question 1.5. If you are not sure whether your proposed copying constitutes fair dealing, you should seek permission from the copyright owner.
1.7 How long does copyright last?
In Canada, copyright generally lasts for the lifetime of the author, plus 50 years.
1.8 What is meant by 'the public domain'? How do I know if something is public domain?
The term "public domain" refers to works in which the copyright has expired or where the copyright owner has made a clear declaration that they will not assert copyright in the work and that it is their intention that the work should be in the public domain.
For example, although copyright in Shakespeare's plays expired long ago, many of the published editions of his plays contain added original materials (such as annotations, translations, footnotes, prefaces etc.) that are copyright protected because the authors have used skill and judgment in creating the new material. This creates a new copyright in the additional original works, but not in the underlying text of the original work in which the copyright has expired.
Never assume that everything you find on the internet is in the public domain just because it is publicly available. Most of the material that you find online is protected by copyright. When copying online materials, you should confirm whether your proposed copying is permitted within the fair dealing exception, under the educational exceptions within the Copyright Act, or is specifically permitted by the copyright owner, under the website's 'Terms of Use', or 'Legal Notices' section.
1.9 How does copyright work internationally?
By virtue of international conventions, copyright is recognized internationally. So, generally, your copyright will be protected in other countries. But it is protected under that country's laws so there may be some differences from the level of protection you would get in Canada. If you're concerned about someone's use of your work in other countries, you will need to check the particular jurisdiction's copyright laws to confirm whether they are infringing your copyright.
1.10 I'm from the United States. How is copyright different here?
Copyright laws in the U.S. and Canada are different. For example, the U.S. has a doctrine known as 'fair use' which is different from the Canadian 'fair dealing' exception. The Canadian fair dealing exception is limited to making a single copy for research, private study, criticism, review and news reporting. If you are from the U.S. or are collaborating with a U.S. researcher, you should keep in mind that the rules which apply to the copyrighted materials that you intend to copy or create may differ depending on where you want to use them.
1.11 How do I get permission to use someone else's work?
You ask. If your use isn't permitted by a licence, or one of the exceptions in the Copyright Act, you will need to ask for permission. The permission must come from the copyright owner so the first step is to identify who the copyright owner is and whether there is an organization that represents the owner. There are a number of copyright collectives that can give you permission (in the form of a licence) on behalf of the copyright owner to use their work. For example, if you want to use music and your use doesn't fall within any of the Copyright Act's exceptions, you can go to copyright collectives such as Society of Composers, Authors and Music Publishers of Canada (SOCAN), Canadian Musical Reproduction Rights Agency (CMRRA) or Re:Sound Music Licensing Company that administer copyright in music.
However, if the copyright owner is easily identifiable and locatable, it can sometimes be easier to contact them directly as many copyright owners will give permission to academic users without requiring payment. Usually you will be able to identify the owner somewhere on the work by looking for the copyright symbol ©, which should have the copyright owner's name next to it. You'll often find this at the beginning of a book, at the side of a photograph or at the bottom of a web page. Once you've located the owner, simply email or write to him/her, explaining how and why you want to use the work and requesting permission. The permission should be in writing; an email message will suffice. It is not advisable to rely on verbal permission. It's also a good idea to keep a file record of who gave the permission, what was permitted, the date, and how to contact the person who gave the permission.
1.12 What are moral rights and what do they have to do with copyright?
Moral rights are additional legal rights held by authors of copyrighted works. They consist of the right of attribution, and the right to protect the integrity of a work and the reputation of its author. The right of attribution is the right, where reasonable in the circumstances, to be associated with the work as its author by name or under a pseudonym or the right to remain anonymous. The right of integrity is the right not to have a work (a) distorted, mutilated or otherwise modified, or (b) used in association with a product, service, cause or institution, in a way which is prejudicial to the author's honour or reputation. These rights are important for authors to ensure they receive appropriate recognition for their work and for prohibiting any prejudicial changes to their works.
1.13 Who owns the copyright in the works I create at UBC?
UBC has policies relating to copyright ownership and use of works created at UBC, set out in Policy 88 - Patents and Licencing. Under this policy, faculty, staff and students will generally own the copyright in works they create through teaching and research, with certain exceptions.
However, ownership can be affected by agreements with industry sponsors or joint authors, who may have an interest in the works which they have helped to create or fund. Ultimately, ownership will depend on the facts of your situation and you should contact the University-Industry Liaison Office (UILO) if you are unsure about the ownership of your work.
Campus Classroom
How you and your students can use other people's copyright material in your presentations and in class.
PLEASE NOTE: This section only applies to uses of works in your physical classrooms - it does not apply to the online classroom or any internet use. Please refer to 'Digital Classroom' if you have questions regarding these uses.
2.3 Can I play music in class?
2.4 Can I play videos in class?
2.5 Can students include copyrighted materials in their assignments and presentations?
2.1 Can I include other people's images and materials in my PowerPoint presentations? What if I want to provide copies of the presentation to my students?
Generally, you may include other people's works in your classroom presentations without having to get permission or pay a fee, provided that there is no commercial version available of such works. Under the educational exceptions within the Copyright Act, you may make copies of works to project or display in class on UBC premises for educational and training purposes, provided that the work is not already available in a commercial format.
However, the exception only covers projections or display in class on campus (when you are acting under the authority of an educational institution). It does not allow you to make copies and hand those copies out to students.
If you want to include works in a PowerPoint presentation outside of the UBC campus, for example, to a community forum, you may only do so if you fall within the fair dealing exception or have permission from the copyright owner.
2.2 I've come across a recent journal article and/or several pages from a book that I want to distribute to my students. Can I photocopy it and hand it out to them?
You may make copies to hand out to your students only if you have received permission from the copyright owner. Under the Copyright Act, making multiple copies for your students would not be allowed under the fair dealing exception. The fair dealing exception allows one to make single copies only. If you want to provide articles or excerpts from a book to students on a regular basis, for example, every year that you teach the course, and you know what articles or excerpts you want to include in advance, you should consider creating a course pack.
2.3 Can I play music in class?
Yes. The Copyright Act allows you to play a sound recording or live radio broadcasts in class as long as it is for educational or training purposes, not for profit, on UBC premises and before an audience consisting primarily of students, faculty or any person who is directly responsible for setting a curriculum for UBC. However, if you want to use music for non-educational purposes, for example, for background music at a conference or in an athletic facility, a licence must be obtained from the copyright collective SOCAN.
2.4 Can I play videos in class?
It depends. You can play videos in class in the following circumstances:
- If your video has public performance rights included - UBC Library purchases some videos that come with the right to play the video in class. If the video you want to show comes with these rights, you can play it in class. See the UBC Library's Guide to Videos, Films and DVDs.
- If you want to show a television news program - Under the Copyright Act, educational institutions, or those acting under their authority, can copy television news programs and play them in class to students provided it is done within a year of the program being aired. However, documentaries and films are not covered by this exception.
- If you want to show a film or documentary - UBC has licences with two major film distributors which allows instructors to show certain licenced films in class provided records are kept and reported. However, the licences only cover certain feature films and not documentaries. To determine if a feature film is covered by the UBC licences, search the online catalogues of the two distributors covered by the UBC Licences: Audio-Cine www.acf-film.com and Criterion Pictures www.criterionpic.com
- If you only want to show an excerpt from a video - This may be covered by fair dealing if you show it for the purposes of research, private study, criticism or review and the showing would be considered "fair" under the Fair Dealing Guidelines.
If you wish to copy television broadcasts that are not news or current events programs, or play a copy of a news or current event program more than a year after it was broadcast, or want to show a documentary or film in class, you should contact Media Booking for more information.
2.5 Can students include copyrighted materials in their assignments and presentations?
Generally yes. The fair dealing exception allows students to use works for research, private study, criticism or review. So provided the student is including the work for one of these purposes, and acknowledges the author and source of the material, and the use could be characterized as fair, bearing in mind the fair dealing factors, it will likely be covered by the fair dealing exception.
2.6 I want to display someone else's work in my classroom during one of my lectures. Isn't there some sort of exception for that?
There are some exceptions in the Copyright Act for educational institutions which allow copying and display of materials for educational purposes, but at present they are very limited. They cover displaying material in class on campus, reproducing material for tests and exams, playing music and news or current events programs, and doing live performances of works. The fair dealing exception might also cover some such uses.
2.7 Are there any databases of copyrighted materials that I can use for free without worrying about copyright?
Yes. There is a wealth of material which is either in the public domain or available under what is known as Creative Commons licensing, which generally means the work is available for free, subject to certain conditions specified in the licence, such as non-commercial use only and acknowledgment of the author.
For Creative Commons materials, visit the Creative Commons website for more information or check out their content directories which list audio, video, image and text materials available under Creative Commons licensing. For public domain material, simply search online for 'public domain' and the type of material you're interested in. Some useful sites include: Project Gutenberg (the largest collection of copyright-free books online) and Wikipedia, which has an entire page dedicated to public domain resources.
For other online materials, a recommended best practice is to check the website's 'Terms of Use', or 'Legal Notices' section to confirm whether specific consents have been provided by the copyright owner to allow use of the website's materials. In some cases, you may be able to use the website materials for free for non-commercial and educational purposes. However, please note that if the website, including the Terms of Use or Legal Notices sections do not provide any consents relating to use of website materials, you should assume that copyright consents are required from the copyright owner.
Digital Classroom
What you can and can't post on your website and UBC's learning management systems and how to avoid copyright hurdles in your online classroom.
3.5 Is it okay to use images or other material from the internet for educational purposes?
3.6 Do I need to ask permission to link to a website?
3.1 Is there any difference between posting something on my own website versus posting something on UBC's learning management systems? What about if I want to email something to my students?
Yes. Posting a copyrighted work on your own website without the copyright owner's consent would generally be considered to be copyright infringement. By contrast, UBC's learning management system is a password protected, secure website accessible only by students. In some cases, posting material on UBC's learning management systems may be permitted by one of UBC's digital licences. In other cases, you may need to obtain consent from the copyright owner. The key things to remember are that (a) just because you have permission to post copyrighted materials on UBC's learning management systems does not mean that you have permission to post the same materials on your own personal website, and (b) the fair dealing exception does not authorize posting copies on course management systems, course or personal websites.
Similarly, emailing copyright materials to your students may be covered by fair dealing, an exception in the Copyright Act or a University licence, however, a good and risk-free alternative is to create a link to the copyrighted work or post it on a UBC's learning management system instead (provided that such posting is authorized by an existing UBC digital licence).
3.2 May I upload a PDF of a journal article I obtained through the library's e-journals to UBC's learning management systems for my students to read?
The licences for many of the e-journals provided by the Library allow instructors to upload articles into secure course management systems such as UBC's learning management systems. While there may be good reason to upload articles into UBC's learning management systems, it is important to consider that doing so may mean that your students do not have the most recent version of the article. It is not unusual for publishers to make corrections or changes, such as adding supplementary material, to articles after initial publication. If such changes are made after a copy has been uploaded they will not be reflected in that copy. A direct link is the best way to ensure access to the most recent version of an article. Linking to the article also allows the UBC Library to track use and obtain data about the importance of a particular journal to the campus.
For more information, see UBC Library's eLink page.
While uploading and linking to articles in UBC's learning management systems is generally permitted by the licences, it is important to remember that licences generally do not permit you to upload to a website, or create links on a website, that is not part of UBC's secure network, and that is open to the world at large. None of the licences that UBC has with publishers allows for uploading to, or linking from, websites that allow access without authentication.
3.3 I gave a PowerPoint presentation in class which includes figures from a textbook. Can I post it on UBC's learning management systems? I'll be sure to cite where the figures came from.
It depends. In some cases, textbook publishers will allow you to include copies of figures in your PowerPoints and online classrooms, but usually only when the textbook is a required text for the course. You should check with the publisher first before posting the figures and comply with whatever conditions they attach to your use of the work.
If you do not have express permission from the publisher, you may still be able to include the figures if you satisfy the fair dealing exception, i.e. you critique or review the figures in your presentation and your use could be characterized as fair, bearing in mind the fair dealing factors. At a minimum, you should abide by the following limitations:
- ALWAYS include a credit to the author and source of the figures (if no such credit is given, you cannot rely on the fair dealing exception);
- ALWAYS include some sort of critique or review of the figures (if the work is posted without any sort of review, your purpose will not fall within 'criticism or review');
- Only include figures that are necessary for the purpose of the course and try to limit it to as few as possible;
- Make sure the figures are not downloadable or cannot be copied in any way;
- Limit access to the site to students enrolled in your course;
- Include guidelines or a notice on the site which makes clear that you are providing the figures for the purposes of criticism or review, and that the copyrighted materials must not be copied, reproduced, altered, distributed or used for any other purpose;
- Take measures to protect the security of the site, such as passwords and encryption, so that other users cannot access it;
- Remove the figures from the site as soon as the course is finished; and
- Don't use the excerpts on a systemic, repeated basis. If you want to include the excerpts in your course every year, you should obtain permission from the copyright owner.
Please note that just because you acknowledge the author and source of a work doesn't mean you won't be liable for copyright infringement. Acknowledging the source is no defence if the way in which you have used the work is not permitted under the Copyright Act. So make sure you either fall within an exception or have the copyright owner's permission.
3.4 May I scan a print journal article or a book chapter into a PDF and post it on UBC's learning management systems?
Scanning material and posting it online is not permitted unless you have the copyright owner's permission or are covered by the fair dealing exception. The fact that UBC's learning management systems are password protected does not mean you may post anything you want on such websites. Posting a substantial part of any copyrighted materials onto any website, whether secured or unsecured, constitutes copyright infringement if the copyright owner's consent has not been obtained. Therefore, to be safe you should obtain the copyright owner's consent or consider using an eLink.
If you want to scan something and use it in your research or study, you may only do so if this is permitted under an exception in the Copyright Act such as the fair dealing exception. If what you want to do falls outside the exceptions in the Copyright Act, you will need to get the copyright owner's permission.
3.5 Is it okay to use images or other material from the internet for educational purposes?
It depends on what you want to do. Materials on the internet are treated the same way under copyright law as any other copyrighted materials, so if you want to use them, you have to either fall within one of the Copyright Act's exceptions (such as fair dealing) or have permission from the copyright owner. You should check the website's 'Terms of Use', or 'Legal Notices' section to confirm specific consents have been provided by the copyright owner to allow use of the website's materials. In some cases, you may be able to use the website materials for free for non-commercial and educational purposes. However, please note that if the website, including the Terms of Use or Legal Notices sections do not provide any consents relating to use of website materials, you should assume that copyright consents are required from the copyright owner.
3.6 Do I need to ask permission to link to a website?
Generally no, but you should check the website's 'Terms of Use' section to confirm whether it has any specific linking prohibitions. If there are none, you may link to the website but make sure that the webpage opens up in a different browser window. If the web-page does not clearly identify the website and content owner, you should also include the full details of the author, copyright owner and source of the materials by the link. This will avoid any suggestion that the website is your own material or that your website is somehow affiliated with the other site.
3.7 May I post examples of my students' work on my UBC's learning management system course or on my personal website?
Only if you have the student's permission. The University only has the right to make copies of the work for academic purposes, but this right does not extend to making such works available online. Accordingly, you should ask students in advance whether they consent to have their work posted online and keep written records of the permissions given.
Library Interlibrary Loan & E-Resources
What you should know about copyright if you want to photocopy something or get an article through Interlibrary Loan.
4.1 Can I get the library to send me electronic copies of articles using the interlibrary loan service?
4.2 What are licences for electronic resources?
4.3 Are there special rules for scanning?
4.1 Can I get the library to send me electronic copies of articles using the interlibrary loan service?
The UBC Library has articles electronically transmitted to it from other libraries, and the current practice is that the Library then makes the articles available to the requestor in print. This practice is consistent with UBC Fair Dealing Guidelines.
4.2 What are licences for electronic resources?
The UBC Library contracts with a variety of vendors and publishers to provide its users with thousands of electronic resources (databases, e-journals, e-books, etc.) costing millions of dollars per year.
In addition to paying for these resources, the Library negotiates licence agreements that stipulate how and by whom a given resource may be used. Users must be currently registered UBC faculty, students, or staff. Only these individuals will be registered with the proxy server for off-campus access. Access for the general public is made available through terminals within the UBC Library.
If licence terms are violated by anyone, licensors may temporarily suspend access for the entire UBC community. In cases where a resolution cannot be reached, the vendor may have the right to permanently revoke a licence and access to the resource. You can help prevent such problems by adhering to good practices and avoiding improper use. Always acknowledge your source on any published or unpublished document when you use data found on electronic resources.
Some licence agreements may expressly allow electronic reserves, course packs, multiple copies for classroom use and interlibrary lending. Other licences may prohibit one or more of these activities.
If you have questions about a particular resource, please contact us through the Copyright Contacts and Resources page.
4.3 Are there special rules for scanning?
If you want to scan something, you may do so only if the use falls within one of the exceptions in the Copyright Act, such as fair dealing, or where no permission is required, such as scanning a public domain work. If what you want to do falls outside the exceptions and is not in the public domain, you will need to get the copyright owner's permission.
Course Packs
How copyright works when you're putting together printed courseware.
5.1 Do I need to obtain permission to use copyrighted material in my course packs?
5.2 Do I need to obtain permission for other copyright jobs that are printed on campus?
5.4 Why is there a fee for copyright material used in coursepacks?
5.1 Do I need to obtain permission to use copyrighted material in my course packs?
Permission is required for copyrighted material that is printed in a course pack. Some material may be covered by licences that the Library has for electronic resources. Such licences allow you to provide students with a direct link to the full-text of the article and, in some cases, allow you include a printed copy in a course pack. The UBC Bookstore's course pack staff will obtain permission for you.
Any materials that you would like to include in course packs are assessed by the UBC Bookstore staff for copyright clearance requirements. This includes materials from the internet, government publications, and unpublished works, not just books and journals. Providing details such as book/journal title, web address, author name, ISBN/ISSN number, page range and total number of pages in a book will help to confirm permission more quickly. If you have any questions about copyright materials you would like to include, email the Bookstore:
Vancouver campus: customcourse@mail.bookstore.ubc.ca
Okanagan campus: ubco.coursematerials@ubc.ca
5.2 Do I need to obtain permission for other copyright jobs that are printed on campus?
Yes. Any job submitted for printing is checked for copyright. If you have permission to copy the item from the copyright owner, please provide documentation for the permission when submitting your order. If you do not have permission, the UBC Bookstore staff will obtain permission.
There are some special cases, such as reproducing entire out-of-print books or rare/fragile materials, which may take longer for copyright clearance. When you place your order, the UBC Bookstore staff can assess what copyright clearance may be required. If you have any questions regarding copyright, email the Bookstore:
Vancouver campus: customcourse@mail.bookstore.ubc.ca
Okanagan campus: ubco.coursematerials@ubc.ca
5.3 If I have permission to put something on UBC's learning management systems, does this mean I can also include it in my coursepack?
Not necessarily. Some copyright holders will grant users permission to put information on password-secured websites, like UBC's learning management systems, but not to put the information in print format. Coursepacks must confirm permission separately, even if the information is already secured for an LMS.
5.4 Why is there a fee for copyright material used in coursepacks?
Copyright holders and creators of works have the right to charge a fee for the use of their materials. These fees vary, usually based on the number of pages or excerpts copied and the number of copies made. All copyright charges are collected on behalf of the copyright holders and remitted to them at the end of each term.
Contacts & Resources
Who is available to help you with copyright issues at UBC and other useful resources.
6.1 Who do I talk to at UBC if I have a copyright question?
6.2 Is there anyone available to help me obtain copyright permission?
6.3 How can I get more information about copyright?
6.1 Who do I talk to at UBC if I have a copyright question?
See this page listing copyright contacts at UBC.
6.2 Is there anyone available to help me obtain copyright permission?
The UBC Bookstore obtains copyright permissions for printed courseware. For other uses, you may obtain permission yourself by simply emailing or writing a letter to the copyright owner, or contact a copyright person at UBC, or email ubc-permissions@interchange.ubc.ca for assistance.
6.3 How can I get more information about copyright?
Key UBC resources are collected on this website. See in particular:
- Copyright Guidelines for UBC Faculty, Staff, and Students
- Fair Dealing Guidelines for Members of the UBC Community
- Links
Acknowledgements
Text derived from Waterloo Copyright FAQ by University of Waterloo, licenced under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 2.5 Canada Licence.