Course:VANT151/2021/Capstone/APSC/Team3
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Welcome to VANT 151 Team 3 Wiki Page
All team members of team 3 sincerely welcome you to watch our wiki page. We are very happy that you can watch our achievements. Please watch our wiki page patiently. If there are any shortcomings, please contact our team leader Yehao Zhao.
Project Objective
The objective of this program is to design and build a scaled-down prototype of a dryer.
Group Information
There are 10 designers in 5 sub-teams, each sub-team is responsible for different tasks.
Documentation: Report, Poster, and PowerPoint.
Electrical: Electrical Structure, Heater, and Programing.
Mechanical: Drum Drive, 3D designing, CAD File, and Heat Exchanger Design.
Structural: Structure Design and Anime & UI CAD.
User-Interface: Operation Programing, Electrical Connection, Flow chart.
Gantt Project
Gantt chart shows the situation of different groups to complete the task within the specified time, and the task allocation among different groups.
User-interface Design
Requirements
Functions
The user-interface design is used to connect the button controlled by users and the Arduino and then display the corresponding output in the LCD.
The Arduino is a device that can process different commands by pressing different buttons. Each command, such as left, up, right, down, is independently controlled.
The LCD should display the output information from Arduino sequentially.
The LCD is able to display the information at a suitable position, for example, display the word at the center of the screen.
If the information is output periodically, the LCD needs to refresh at a suitable rate and clear the information at the last step.
Objectives
(1) The core objective of the user-interface design is to connect the human operations and the display.
(2) When we press the buttons, the Arduino can process the input command and output corresponding messages/information at the LCD. For example, the reminder message required for users to start the dryer will be displayed at the LCD at the start.
(3) The LCD can provide necessary information for the users to operate the dryer.
Constraints
(1) The delay time between each step should be over 10 seconds in case we may miss the essential information.
(2) The connections between the Arduino, breadboard, and LCD should safely designed.
(3) The connections should aligned to the design.
(4) The information should displayed at the center of the LCD screen. Also, the long messages should be scrolled from the left to the right.
The design
Hardware Layout
The user-interface of the cloth-dryer system consists of an Arduino, an LCD, an LED and five buttons that can be used for users to interact with the system. The five buttons are labeled as left, up, right, down and ok in clockwise sequence. The connections of these electronic parts are shown in the Figure U.2 - Figure U.4. The whole cad design is shown in the Figure U.5.
(1) Arduino
Arduino is an open-source electronics platform based on easy-to-use hardware and software. It's intended for anyone making interactive projects. Arduino senses the environment by receiving inputs from many sensors, and affects its surroundings by controlling lights, motors, and other actuators.
In this project, Arduino is the core brain to process the input from the users and control the display of the LCD.
(2) LCD
The LCD is to display the information which is very important for the users to control the dryer sequentially.
(3) LED
LED is to show the status of the dryer. If the dryer is working, the LED turns green while the dryer is not working, the LED is off.
(4) Buttons
Buttons are provided for users to control the dryer. Users can press different buttons to take different actions.
The users can press the left, up, right, down and ok buttons to control the dryer and the LCD will display different information.
The users can continue and pause the cloth-dryer machine at anytime. The connections among the buttons, breadboard, Arduino, and LCD are shown in the right figures.
The list of devices used in the user-interface system is shown in the Table U.1.
| No | Device | Number | Price (USD) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ARDUINO UNO SMD R3 ATMEGA328 | 1 | $20.90 |
| 2 | LCD MOD 80DIG 20X4 TRANS YLW/GRN | 1 | $23.22 |
| 3 | BREADBRD TERM STRIP 3.20X2.00" | 1 | $2.90 |
| 4 | AMMO-PACK THROUGH-HOLE TACTILE S | 5 | $1.16 |
| 5 | CABLE USB 2.0 A-B M-M 3' | 1 | $2.16 |
| 6 | JUMPER WIRE M/M 6" | 9 | $1.95 |
| 7 | JUMPER M/M 4" 26AWG | 7 | $1.95 |
| 8 | BL-BGE1V4V-AT-ND | 1 | $2.05 |
| 9 | CF14JT10K0CT-ND | 1 | $0.36 |
| Total | 26 | $56.65 |
Operating sequence
The buttons are placed at the breadboard and connected to the Arduino with cables.
Then, the Arduino processes the commands from the buttons and outputs necessary information according to the logic designed in the functions.
The LCD is correctly connected to the Arduino and displays the output information on time.
In this application, the operating sequence can reflect the operations of the user.
Users can press ok to start the dryer. When the button ok is pressed, users are guided to choose different work modes.
The LED will show different temperature/humidity/load in loop and user can look through preferred modes by press up/down buttons and press ok to confirm.
When the mode is confirmed, the dryer will start to work and the green LED light will turn on. The LED will show the remaining time from completion. Users can pause/continue the dryer process by pressing ok button at anytime. The LED color(green: running; off: pause) will show the status of the dryer.
When the dryer have finished its work, user can turn off the dryer or choose to redo the process by press left or right button.
Temperature and Humidity
The temperature and humidity need to be kept in a safe range for the user-interface components to operate safely.
The work temperature range is -20°C ~ 70°C.
The Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL) of buttons is 1 (Unlimited).
The temp-humidity sensor will measure the temp and humidity of the environment and the value will be shown in the LCD.
The Flowchart Program
The work flowchart of the user-interface system are shown in the Figure U.6.
Mechanical Design
Mechanical sub-team has designed the drum drive, heat exchanger top and sensor mounting, and is responsible for CAD files of electrical parts.
Requirements
Functions
The functions of mechanical sub-system are shown as follows
1.The clothes can be evenly dried in the dryer by the rotation of the drum
2.The sensor should measure the temperature and humidity inside the dryer precisely.
3.The heat exchanger top can entirely match the interface of heat exchanger outlet and insulate the heat.
Objectives
The objectives of mechanical sub-system is to
- Get high drying efficiency
- Minimize energy consumption
- Maximize dryer's lifespan
- Increase the stability of the dryer
Constraints
The constraints of mechanical sub-system are shown as follows
1. At least 0.5 L capacity, able to dry a cotton handkerchief, size 15 x 15 cm (± 3 cm) within 1 hour.
2. The motor can drive the drum effectively and all of components are placed firmly.
The design
Drum Drive
1.Drum Size
The size of drum is designed as follows: the diameter of the drum is 102.6mm and the length of the drum is 65mm. The formula of the volume of the drum is . Hence the volume of the drum is calculated to be . The volume of the drum exceeds 0.5L, so the capacity of dryer is sufficient. The size of the dryer can't exceed 250 x 220 x 300 mm. As can be seen, the size of the drum is not very big and it can fit in the dryer. The CAD model of the drum is shown in Figure 1.
2.Drive Mechanism
As shown in Figure 2, two pulleys and a belt are used in this mechanism. The pulley is fixed on the shaft of the motor and another pulley is fixed on the drum. These two pulleys are connected by belt. When the motor is powered, the shaft will rotate and drive the pulley on it, then the pulley on the drum will also rotate and drive the drum. The location of this system is shown in Figure 6.
3.Motor support
In Figure3, the hollow-cut top and the non-cover two sides provide maximum heat dissipation. The size of support precisely fit with the size of the motor so the stability of the motor can be ensured. The location of support and the motor is shown in Figure 6.
Heat exchanger top
As shown in Figure 4, the shape of the heat exchanger top can match with the interface of heat exchanger outlet. It can also insulate heat of tube and protect other components in this dryer. The location of the heat exchanger cover is shown in Figure 6.
Temperature and humidity sensor
The model of the sensor is shown in the Figure5. To make the temperature and humidity sensor function well, the location of the sensor is very important. The sensor should be far away from the heater because the temperature of the surroundings of the heater is fairly high and it can affect temperature measurements of the sensor. The sensor should monitor the temperature and humidity of warm moist air flowing into the heat exchanger to see whether the airflow of the dryer is normal. Therefore, the location of the temperature and humidity sensor is designed to be behind the drum and near the heat exchanger. The sensor is installed on a sensor mount to be attached to the dryer. The location of this component is shown in Figure 6.
CAD files of EE parts
The cad files of ee parts are shown as bellow.
Drawings
Recommendation
The diameter of the pulley could be improve to increase the rotating speed of the drum. Under the premise of fitting the size of the whole dryer, the volume of the drum can be increased to achieve higher drying efficiency.
Electrical Design
Requirements
Functions：
The electrical group is mainly composed of fan, motor, heater. Users are able to sent the message by pushing buttons to the control Arduino (Design and collaborate with U Sub-team). The fan, motor and heater can be controlled to dry clothes. The dryer can automatically adjust the temperature of the drum.
Objectives:
- The fan, motor, heater and temperature and humidity sensor are connect in the circuit.
- The fan, motor and heater are connected in the test board.
Constraints
The design
Power Supply:
The electrical sub team mainly composed of the fan, motor, temperature sensor, heater and Arduino code for the operation program of the clothe dryer. The operation program is controlled by connecting the Arduino board and breadboard. The Arduino code, as an input, is uploaded to Arduino board functioning throughout the breadboard.
Fan Circuit:
As shown in the Figure8, PWM signal provided by Arduino with different frequency to control the Triode on/off frequency, the power of fan provided by AC-DC adapter (9V). Fan can change the speed under changing temperature to cooperation with heater and motor.
Drum Motor Circuit:
As shown in the Figure9, PWM signal also provided by Arduino with different frequency to control the Triode on/off frequency and the power of motor also provided by Arduino (5V). Changing the motor speed during different temperature.
Heater Circuit:
Heater connect to the AC adapter directly, then heat the drum up to make the item drying faster.
Temperature and Humidity Sensor:
Figure10 displayed the temperature control circuit, when the temperature rising reach the highest temperature of the sensor, the circuit cut of to stop heater working.
Arduino operation Work Code:
This code defined 8,9,10 pin to provide signal and received signal from U sub-team circuit.
#define heater 8
#define fan 9 // fan connected to PWM pin 9
#define motor 10 // motor connected to PWM pin 10
void setup() {
pinMode(8, OUTPUT);
pinMode(9, OUTPUT);
pinMode(10, OUTPUT);
}
void loop() {
// fade in from min to max in increments of 5 points:
for (int fadeValue = 0 ; fadeValue <= 255; fadeValue += 5) {
// sets the value (range from 0 to 255):
analogWrite(fan, fadeValue);
// wait for 30 milliseconds to see the dimming effect
delay(30);
}
for (int fadeValue = 0 ; fadeValue <= 255; fadeValue += 5) {
// sets the value (range from 0 to 255):
analogWrite(motor, fadeValue);
// wait for 30 milliseconds to see the dimming effect
delay(30);
}
if(analogread(temp)<tempmin){
analogwrite(heater, HIGH);
}
if(analogread(temp)>tempmax){
analogwrite(heater, LOW);
}
// fade out from max to min in increments of 5 points:
for (int fadeValue = 255 ; fadeValue >= 0; fadeValue -= 5) {
// sets the value (range from 0 to 255):
analogWrite(motor, fadeValue);
// wait for 30 milliseconds to see the dimming effect
delay(30);
}
// fade out from max to min in increments of 5 points:
for (int fadeValue = 255 ; fadeValue >= 0; fadeValue -= 5) {
// sets the value (range from 0 to 255):
analogWrite(fan, fadeValue);
// wait for 30 milliseconds to see the dimming effect
delay(30);
}
delay(5000);
}
Structural Design
Requirements
Objectives
The objective of this section is to build the enclosure, door and water tray of the dryer. And make a demonstration animation of opening and closing the door.
Constraints
- Size: no more than 250*220*300 mm
- Capacity: at least to 0.5L
- Safety: To prevent tipping, the entire center of gravity is shifted to the bottom.
- Convenience: The major components should simple to install.
The design
Door
Initially there were two design options, one with a rectangular door at the top and the other with a circular door at the front. The final one was chosen as the round one, in order to allow users to get things more easily and not be limited by the height of the place where the dryer is kept. On the other hand, the round door can also better match the size of the drum and will not take up too much space. Specific data are shown in the drawings below.
Openings
The opening design was chosen to place the LED screen on the front of the dryer, above the right side of the door. This design ensures that the user can easily use the LED screen, and at the same time can put some small items above the dryer. Specific data are shown in the drawings below.
Water Tray
A water tray is a container designed to collect drainwater from a dryer. In consideration of the influence of gravity, the water tray is placed at the bottom for collection and removal. In terms of appearance, we chose round, because the circular design of the door is more beautiful. On the other hand, a circular shape without edges and corners is easier and safer to install and remove.
Enclosure
The final design of the envelope structure is the one close to a cube. Both designs guarantee the same capacity, but have distinct designs in three dimensions. Although the cuboid design with the height advantage is very suitable for the design of dryer, considering the convenience of actual use, the low envelope structure is more suitable for family use. Because whether considering the height of the user or the availability of space, the design close to the cube is more advantageous. There is also a safety factor. Shorter designs are less likely to tip over, while taller designs have the potential to topple over.
Drawings
All data in the drawings are in millimeters.
Virtual and Actual Prototype Demo
Video
E sub-term, video how do fan and motor work
This video demonstrates the function of the fan, motor and heater by connecting the Arduino and breadborad.
U sub-term, video for how LCD work(basic)
U sub-term, video for LCD and buttons command
U sub-term, video for the dryer control sequence with buttons, LCD and LED
Door demo animation (only the opening and closing of the door is demonstrated, no other components are included)
M sub-term, this video show how drum drive work
Conclusion
The final design project is a dryer, which has a simpler operating system composed of three buttons. Heat exchanger is used in mechanical design to isolate heat and protect other parts. In the design of the door, the circular shape is selected to make the machine more beautiful and safer. Cuboid design is more convenient, more conducive to the family.
Live Chat
| Day | Time | Member |
|---|---|---|
| July12-13 | 11:15am-01:15pm | Shuosen Liu, Yizhe Wei |
| 03:30pm-05:45pm | Huayi Tian, Kuizhang Gao | |
| 02:15pm-03:15pm | Leo Zeng, Rui Yang | |
| 02:15pm-03:15pm | Yehao Zhao， Matthew Yang | |
| 06:45pm-09:00pm | Chenyue Zhu, Xudong Wang |
Team Members
| Documentation | |
|---|---|
|
Email:liushuosen2001@gmail.com My name is Shuosen Liu, and I am a member of sub-team D of Team 3. I completed the tasks of PowerPoint and Report together with my teammate Yizhe Wei. I created the structure of the wiki and created the wiki page with all the team members. I learned how to write a wiki page in there and have some understanding of Solid Work. The most important thing is that I learned how to communicate with my teammates and had a good communication experience. |
Shuosen Liu |
| Email: weiyizhe123@163.com
Hi, my name is Yizhe Wei, and I am in the Documation sub-team. I am mainly responsible for some of the work of documents, including the production of the team Gantt chart, the editing of the wiki page, and the production of PowerPoint. In this experience, I learned how to edit wikis, how to use SOLIDWORK, and how to communicate effectively with team members. |
Yizhe Wei |
| Mechanical | |
|---|---|
| Email: tianhy@student.ubc.ca
Hello, I am Huayi from mechanical sub-team. I am responsible for CAD files of electrical parts and the design of drum drive and temperature sensor. During this design project, I have learned how to communicate with my teammates and how to use Solidworks to create 3D models. |
Huayi Tian
|
| Email: kzghappy@student.ubc.ca
Hi, my name is Kuizhang Gao and I am in Mechanical sub-team. I was in charge of designing the mechanism of drum drive, the temperature sensor and the cover of heat exchanger top. This learning experience taught how to design a product as an engineer and how to cooperate with team members. |
Kuizhang Gao
|
| Structural | |
|---|---|
| Email: leozeng@student.ubc.ca
I am a member of the Structural Sub-team in Team 3. I was responsible for making enclosure, drawings, water trays with SolidWorks, as well as some text explanations. This course taught me how to use SolidWorks, which will be of great help to my future study content. In spite of many difficulties brought about by group cooperation on the Internet, we still completed the task with good communication. |
Leo Zeng |
| Email: yangr001@student.ubc.ca
My name is Rui Yang. I am a member of the structure sub-team of Team 3. I was mainly responsible for creating the door, opening and door animation of the dryer. I learned how to use SolidWorks for modeling and how to communicate efficiently with team members in this project. |
Rui Yang
|
| Electrical | |
|---|---|
| Email: zhaoyh20@student.ubc.ca
My name is Yehao Zhao. I am in the electrical sub-team in Team 3. My job in the team is to design the circuit for a dryer and building up the circuit on the bread board accurately. In this team I leaned how to design build and check the circuit and leaned how to communicate with others when meeting problems. |
Yehao Zhao |
| Email: matt0014@student.ubc.com
My name is Matthew Yang. I am in the electrical sub-team in Team 3. I am responsible for drawing and building up the circuit of the dryer, with connecting the Arduino and bread board to function properly. In this experience, I learned how to debug the circuit under different conditions and effectively communicate with my partner to solve problems. |
Matthew Yang
|
| User interface | |
|---|---|
| Email: chenyuez@student. ubc.com
I am Chenyue Zhu, I live in China and I am currently a freshman at UBC. In my free time, I like to play games and catch up on dramas to spend my time. What I like most about this class is that at the end we can make an entity together through teamwork, which makes me feel that my efforts are not in vain! |
Chenyue Zhu |
| Email: wxd2019@student.ubc.ca
My name is Wang Xudong. I am in the user-interface sub team in Team3, I am responsible for connecting the wire on the breadboard and LCD writing the code. During this experience, I learned how to communicate with my peers and how to solve problems patiently. |
Xudong Wang
|
