Title of Project

The natural flood defense of Wuhan

Abstract

Nature can always adjust itself. As the result, the city named Wuhan in China has the flood disaster every summer because of many reasons such as position, waterfall, and human beings, but it also has its own coordinate ability of flood disasters so there is not big loss of economy or lives for most of the years and people can live there peacefully. In this project we will observe and analyses the natural ability on avoiding and stopping the flood in Wuhan.

Biographies

Introduction

Wuhan, abbreviated as "Han", also known as Jiangcheng, is the capital of Hubei Province, the only sub-provincial city in the six central provinces, a megacity, a central city in central China, an important national industrial base, science and education base, and comprehensive transportation hub. Ensuring the station of the army organs. Wuhan is located in the east of the Jianghan Plain and the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. The Yangtze River and its largest tributary Han River converge in the city, forming a pattern of Wuhan’s three towns (Wuchang, Hankou, and Hanyang) across the river. The city’s rivers and lakes are intertwined, and the water area occupies the city A quarter of the total area. As the economic geographic center of China, Wuhan is the largest water, land and air transportation hub in inland China and a shipping center in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. Its high-speed rail network radiates over half of China and is the only city in Central China with direct flights to five continents around the world.

Well known as “river city” (jiangcheng in Mandarin), Wuhan city is connected deeply with its river and lake. On the one hand, the large number of rivers and lakes definitely bring lots of benefit to Wuhan over the past thousand years, turning it into an irreplaceable agricultural, commercial and transportation center in middle China. On the other hand, in rain season, these abundant water resources can become catastrophe. There are two rivers with large flows, which pass through the river and have the greatest potential to flood the city during the flood seasons. Since ancient time, people have been fighting against the flood and research the cause and solution to the phenomenon. It's very interesting and valuable to view Wuhan from a hydrological point of view. Because a deep understanding of Wuhan geological characteristics can help the city of Wuhan better to avoid it(flood). Gradually, People found that lakes and branch rivers often serve as a kind of natural flood by accommodate rapid increased water volume and slow down the violent flow in the main riverway. However nowadays, the waterfall tends to be larger and larger by years and the self-defenses of Wuhan’s natural hydraulic system seems to become insufficient. As the result, we need to determine the limit of the natural defense of Wuhan, then try to find out want human can do to build up artificial flood defense so that we can get prepared before the big disaster happen.

Literature review

Forty years ago, over 200 lakes were located in Wuhan. However, after stepping into new century. Wuhan experienced significantly changing in economics especially reflected in industry development. Those lakes were filled for real estate industry. From 2000 to 2010, Dongfeng Peugeot Citroen Automobile Company became most popular and famous vehicle company in China. In this case, Wuhan was also named Auto City in Wuhan. The development of industry brought working opportunity to citizens and attracted more and more worker from other cities in Hubei province to working in Wuhan. In order to satisfy new citizens living needs, estate business rapidly developed after 2000. Since 1980, the area of lakes in Wuhan has decreased by over 340000 acres due to real estate industry (Lingdao Juece Xinxi. 2012). According to statistic, the area of lakes in Wuhan are constantly decreasing with speed of two to three lakes annually. A research also indicate that the disappearance of lake has strong relationship with flooded area (mengdan.2019). the areas that have significant lake dwindling are experience flood much more frequently.

Objectives

1; Estimate Wuhan geological characteristics.

2; Inferring Wuhan’s natural flood resistance limits.

…

Research plan

We will take pictures observation and with the help of stateliest to find out the defense ability of Wuhan under flood, include nature defenses and artificial defense such as tum and Sewer system. We will also search online to find how the government fight against flood.

Mid-April

Complete the preliminary plan and obtain the permission of the professor. We could find additional resources related to our topics if we have enough time.

Late April

After the final exam, 2 of our teammates who live in Sichuan province will go to Wuhan. Thus, all the team members get together. We choose Wuhan because other 2 teammates live in Wuhan, and our topic is about Wuhan.

Early May

We will collect data about annual highest water level of Yangzi River from Wuhan water bureau and underground space that could collect water from bureau of geology. Our group plan to spend at least 8 days to do these works, because it is the first time for us to do this kind of work.

Mid-May

Build the model of data collected in early May. The model is related to previous highest water level and geology environment of Wuhan. In this part, we in order to calculate the maximum water storage capacity of Wuhan.

Late May

Analyzing field data and saving samples in the lab.

Early June

Produce report and poster. Then, ask some students from other group to listen our report and give some advice to our group. Then fix it up, until our group think it is the perfect one.

Mid-June

Present Results.

Discussion

As the result section showing, over the past decades, both the area and the number of lakes in Wuhan decrease a lot. Meanwhile, the happen of flood disaster present a increasing trend. These two facts indicate that flood indeed happen more frequently with the shrinking scale of lakes in Wuhan. In addition, the frequency curve shows the natural defensive effect of lakes against flood in Wuhan. Thus, the importance of lakes in terms of sharing the pressure to prevent the flood is proved. In general, data and result accord with what we assume in the beginning. However, in our research, some data behave abnormal which beyond our expectation. Additionally, we fail to find lots of graphs show our idea due to its uniqueness. By finding more reference, enlarge our topic scale and collect more data, we can improve our result.

Compared with the relevant information we found in the literature. We don't always use the ideas or results these references provided. We searched for the information we need and translate it into ours. For example, we used the model of flood in Beijing compared with the lakes in Wuhan. The Underground structure made Beijing have serious hydrops in this structure. However, in other words it can be said that the underground buildings in Beijing can store water just like lakes in Wuhan, which proves our guess. That's what we collected our information; one piece of information could be thought in many ways. So, people should also have this kind of ability, and they also need to make the writings neutral and declarative to provide more space for people to think more.

I believe that our result has proven the hypothesis well. Firstly, the total area of lakes in Wuhan is constantly decreasing every year, and result reveals that the reduction of the lake area will indeed make the impact of the Yangtze River floods on Wuhan more serious.

Conclusion

In this research, we explored the relationship between the frequency of flood in Wuhan and decreasing of lake area. After analyzing those data. We got the conclusion that decreasing of lake area would cause more flood. For other cities around the world. Manager could make better plan for the city to avoid disaster caused by flood.

Reference

ZHU, A., JI, L., ZHANG, J., XIN, X., & LIU, J. (2009). Research progress on soil moisture measurement via ground-penetrating radar. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 17(5), 1039-1044. doi:10.3724/sp.j.1011.2009.01039

the relationship between flood disaster and silt in China. (n.d.). Retrieved April 08, 2021, from http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DLXB200005014.htm.

Jian Yan. (2016) self-control ability of liberating the nature Encyclopedic Knowledge

The sadness of lake in Hubei. (2012). Lingdao Juece Xinxi, (23), 10-10.

Meng Dan, Zhang Zhi, Shuai Shuang, Mu Chao & Xie Fei. (2019). Analyse the dynamic change of lakes in Wuhan City and the influence of water discharge in rain season. Geographical Space Information, 177(1), 105-110. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1672-4623.2019.01.030