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Paper Abstracts

Branden

Format: Virtual Exhibition

Title of Project: Mother of Pearl: Pearl Inlay Artifacts Throughout Late Chinese History

Central Question: I am interested in researching 螺鈿 (Luódián) ornament boxes because I would like to find out how they transformed over the years and different dynasties. Through this transformation, I would like to be able to identify potential anxieties or relationships (with religion) that were developed through this art medium. Or I could investigate how these 螺鈿 were treated as a commodity through the international relationships China had conducted.

Sources:

Arakawa, Hirokazu 荒川浩和. Raden 螺鈿. Kyoto: Dōhōsha publishing京都同朋舎出版, 1985. Print.

Williams, Jane, editor. The conservation of Asian lacquer: case studies at the Asian Art Museum of San Francisco. San Francisco, CA : Asian Art Museum of San Francisco--Chong-Moon Lee Center for Asian Art and Culture, (2008): 7-38, accessed November 10, 2017. http://s3.amazonaws.com/aam_phase2/pdf_assets/files/000/000/208/original/Williams_2008_Conservation_of_Asian_Lacquer.pdf?1384300665

Garner, Harry M. "The Export of Chinese Lacquer to Japan in the Yuan and Early Ming Dynasties." ARCH. ASIAN ART 25 (1971): 6-28.

Garner, Harry. "A Group of Chinese Lacquers with Basketry Panels." Archives of Asian Art 20 (1966): 6-24. Watt, James CY, and Barbara Brennan Ford. East Asian Lacquer: The Florence and Herbert Irving Collection. Metropolitan museum of art, 1991.

Jasdeep

Format: Research Essay

“Imperial Chinese military values and their effect on mainstream Chinese society”

Central Question: [Such as: I am interested in researching on. . . because I would like to find out how/why. . . in order to understand how/why. . .] I am interested in researching on the military values that were endorsed in Imperial China through texts such as The Art of War by Sun Tzu to determine the extent to which these military values influenced philosophical thought through works such as The Four Books. Finding out how or why these military values impacted philosophical thought, and as a result mainstream society, will lead to a better understanding of what led to the unification of Chinese thought and consequently the idea of what it means to be Chinese.

Sources: • The Art of War translated by Ralph and Mei-chun Sawyer • The Four Books translation

Jiateng

Format: Literature Review [Delete not applicable]

Foot-binding in Late Qing Dynasty [Replace]

Central Question: I am interested in researching on one typical Chinese culture in Ming and Qing dynasties which is Footbinding, because I would like to find out why Qing banned Footbinding after they conquered Ming in the early Qing dynasty and then re-open Footbinding. In order to understand why Footbinding become the social phenomenon in Ming dynasty and why in Late Qing dynasty even Manchu follow the Han Chinese began to Footbinding.

Sources: CINDERELLA'S SISTERS - A REVISIONIST HISTORY OF FOOTBINDING, DOROTHY KO

A study of the Qing Dynasty's Bans of Foot-binding (1636-1840), Shang Yueting

Tianzu movement in late Qing dynasty, Gu Zhicheng

Kai

Format: Literature review

Zheng He’s Expeditions: the incentives, the voyages and the impacts

Central Question: I am interested in researching on Zhenghe's voyages and the impacts on cultural fusions in China and the countries Zhenghe had arrived. The literature review includes the research on the incentives of Zhenghe's voyages, the textual criticism about Zhenghe's ships and routes, and the cultural impacts of the expeditions.

Sources

1. Wan Ming (2005) Zheng He's Voyages to The Western Oceans: 3 Books, 1 Map, 1 Novel, 1 Play, And 7 Steles, Ming Studies, 2005:1, 31-42.

2. Hu Zhengnig, & Fan Jinmin. (2015). Two Topics about Zheng He’s Voyages based on the Pre-death Inscription of Hong Ba. 郑和下西洋研究二题——基于洪保《寿藏铭》的考察.

3. Wan Ming (2010). Zheng He’s voyages, exotic culture and group, and fusion of cultures. 郑和下西洋异文化、人群与文明交融. China Academic Journal Publishing House.

4. Zhu Yafei. (2017). How the Ming Dynasty Managed the Indian Ocean Affairs in the Era of Zheng He’s Voyages. 郑和下西洋时期明朝对印度洋之经略. Theory Journal. No．2 Ser．No．270, 2017.

5. He Shengda. (2016). Maritime Silk Road and China's Foreign Cultural Exchange. 海上丝绸之路与中国的对外文化交流———以中国与东南亚的文化交流为例.

6. Lin Meicun & Ran Zhang. (2015). Zheng He’s voyages to Hormuz: the archaeological evidence. Antiquity Publications Ltd, 2015 ANTIQUITY 89 (2015): 417–432.

Keyuan

Format: Annotated Translation

Title of Project: Annotated Translation of The Twenty-Four Paragons of Filial Piety

Central Question:

I am interested in researching on the text "The Twenty-Four Paragons of Filial Piety" because I would like to find out how the Confucian value of filial piety was widely popularised among ordinary people during the Ming period, in order to understand how filial piety as an inevitable component within Chinese cultures.

Sources:

Primary sources:

长泽规矩也, eds., "Ri ji gu shi da quan 日记故事大全," He ke ben lei shu ji cheng: 3 和刻本类书集成: 第三册, 245-323. Shanghai: Shanghai gu ji chu ban she, 1990.

Secondary sources:

Sarkissian, Hagop. "Recent Approaches to Confucian Filial Morality." Philosophy Compass 5, no. 9 (2010): 725-734.

Tan, Baogang and Li Zhaohui 谭宝刚李朝晖. "Zhong guo gu dai ru jia xiao dao guan xian tan" 中国古代儒家孝道观浅探, Journal of Social Science of Hunan Normal University 湖南师范大学社会科学学报 30, (May, 2001), 226-229.

Wang, Ming and Zhao Jianhua 王铭赵建华. "Qian xi xiao xiao dao xiao wen hua" 浅析孝、孝道、孝文化, He tian shi fan zhuan ke xue xiao xue bao 和田师范专科学校学报 27, vol. 3, (July, 2007), 220-221.

Wu, Feng 吴锋. "Lun xiao chuan tong de xing cheng ji xian dai ji yu" 论孝传统的形成及现代际遇, Confucius Studies 孔子研究 4, (2001), 89-98.

Ye, Tao 叶涛. "Er shi si xiao chu tan" 二十四孝初探, Shan dong da xue xue bao 山东大学学报 1, (1996), 28-33.

Lin

Format: /Literature Review [Delete not applicable]

I will research on the topic regarding about Woman suicide in Ming/Qing dynasty

Central Question: [Such as: I am interested in researching on Woman suicide. . . because I would like to find out how/why. . . in order to understand how/why. . .]

Sources:6-8 scholarly articles.

Margareta

Format: Literature Review

"Tea Cakes to Tea Leaves - Can Tea Scholars Have Their [Rhetorical] Cake and Eat It Too?: the state of scholarship on why tea cakes gave way to loose leaf tea"

Central Question:

I am assessing the academic literature (in English) on the changes in tea technologies between the Song and Ming dynasties. I seek to understand what prompted these changes, such as the emperor's tea cake ban, and what they meant for the aesthetics/belief of tea drinking.

Initially, I set out hoping to do a virtual exhibition, and my question was "How were the aesthetics of tea drinking by the elites of the Ming dynasty depicted, and how did they change from earlier periods as a result of changes in the processing and preparation of tea in this period?". I soon realized I was much more interested in the causes for these changes and the apparent lack of scholarly discussion on them. I hope to communicate why such seemingly major changes have not been examined more by scholars and how further research on tea culture might benefit from examining this issue.

Sources:

Benn, James A. Tea in China: A Religious and Cultural History. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press, 2015. Accessed November 13, 2017.

Blofeld, John Eaton Calthorpe. The Chinese art of tea. 1st ed. Boston: Shambhala, 1985.

Brook, Timothy. The Confusions of Pleasure: Commerce and Culture in Ming China. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1998. Accessed November 13, 2017. ProQuest Ebook Central.

Dreyer, Edward L. Early Ming China: A Political History 1355-1435. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1982.

Hinsch, Bret. The rise of tea culture in China: the invention of the individual. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2016.

Huang, H. T. "Tea Processing and Utilisation." In Science and Civilisation in China: Biology and Biological Technology - Part V: Fermentations and Food Science, by H. T. Huang, compiled by Joseph Needleham, 503-70. Vol. 6. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000.

Meng

Format: Literature Review

The research of Male-Male relationship in Ming-Qing Dynasty

Central Question: I would like to know the attitude and acceptance of the people both low and high class to the Male-Male "relationship" in Qing-Ming dynasty in order to know why the situation always existed and even became more popular in some time.

Sources:

Huang, MARTIN W., “Male-Male Sexual Bonding and Male Friendship in Late Imperial China”. Journey of the History of Sexuality, Vol. 22, No. 2, 2013, pp. 312-331.

Huang, Martin W. Male friendship in Ming China. Brill, 2014

Vitiello , Giovanni. “The Dragon's Whim: Ming and Qing Homoerotic Tales from "The Cut Sleeve" Toung Pao, vol 78, no.4, Jan. 1992, pp. 341-372

Sommer, Matthew H. “The Penetrated Male in Late Imperial China: Judicial Constructions and Social Stigma” Modern China, Vol. 23, No. 2, Apr. 1997, pp. 140-180

Don Xiaohan 董笑寒, “qing dai nan xing zhi jian de qing yu yan jiu” 清代男性之间的情欲研究 (The research of Male-Male relationship in Qing dynasty). Qing Shi Yan Jiu 清史研究. (2017): 119-129, Print.

Miranda

Format: Literature Review [Delete not applicable]

Title of Project [Replace]

Central Question: [Such as: I am interested in researching on. . . because I would like to find out how/why. . . in order to understand how/why. . .]

I am interested in studying more about tea culture in China. Originally I had wanted to study food in imperial China - as I believe food is a central part of any culture, however I found that to be too narrow. Therefore, I decided to study tea. More specifically, I will be exploring topics on tea such as production, exportation as well as consumption.

Sources:

Liu, Andrew B. "incense and Industry: Labour and Capital in the Tea Districts of Huizhao, China." Past & Present, no. 230, 2016, pp. 161.

Lu, Weijing. "Beyond the Paradigm: Tea-Picking Women in Imperial China." Journal of Women's History, vol. 15, no. 4, 2004, pp. 19-46.

Sigley, Gary. "Tea and China’s Rise: Tea, Nationalism and Culture in the 21st Century." International Communication of Chinese Culture, vol. 2, no. 3, 2015, pp. 319-341.

Qingjian

Format: Research Essay

Title of Project: The contribution of Sushi's Ci Poetry influence the literary status of Ci poetry in Song dynasty.

Central Question: [Such as: I am interested in researching on a famous literature format which is called Ci poetry from late Tang dynasty to Song dynasty, because I would like to find out the process of Ci's development in Song dynasty by working on the research of Su's Ci poetry in order to understand the phenomena that how does Su's poetry reformation influenced the status of Ci poetry that could be developed as a great symbolization of Song dynasty.

Sources: Su Shi 苏轼, Dong Po quanji 东坡全集 (Completed Works by Su Shi), woodblock edition cut in the Ming dynasty held at the Harvard-Yanking institution, juan 100, 11A-11B

Tao Wenpeng and Zhao Xuepei On the Theatricality of the Ci-Poetry in Tang and Song ...www.bing.com/cr?IG=258A231B5D3C468687708667519F8925&CID=268939B6702261431BF232A5712460F1&rd=1&h=nSpwM0L1amyBwOS_poSk_pJIxHLK0BlrWvHeu6huVjk&v=1&r=https%3a%2f%2flink.springer.com%2fcontent%2fpdf%2f10.1007%2fs11702-010-0112-8.pdf&p=DevEx,5063.1

Wang, Zhaopeng. “Evolution of Ci Poetry of the dynasties of Tang and Song ...” Https://Link-Springer-Com.ezproxy.library.ubc.ca/Content/Pdf/10.1007%2Fs11702-007-0021-7.Pdf,www.bing.com/cr?IG=E39CC7EA6E9E49E68E87C0CC440F3816&CID=09B37CAE71E06B9524DE77BD70E66A62&rd=1&h=IviVA_pUXGbIhuiM5HFeiQaUZ-w7M1vsNMO6lthQ89U&v=1&r=https%3a%2f%2flink.springer.com%2fcontent%2fpdf%2f10.1007%2fs11702-007-0021-7.pdf&p=DevEx,5062.1.

Ran

Format: Annotated Translation

The Society of North Song Dynasty is reflected in Literature

Central Question: [ I am interested in translating two entires from each literature of the North Song Dynasty, one literature is Dong Jing Meng Hua Lu, and another one is Qu Wei Jiu Wen. Because I would like to find out how exactly the society of the North Song Dynasty looks like, especially, the aspect of the high developing social economy in the capital of North Song in order to understand what potential social issues are reflected and related questions. Meanwhile, I will discuss the reason that these two literature are selected, and their the importance to our questions and the history of North Song.]

Sources:

Alyagon, Elad, and Elad Alyagon. Frontiers of History in China: Loyalist Tattoos and Tattooed Generals in the Song Dynasty. Higher Education Press, in association with Springer, 2016. Web. 6 Oct. 2017.

Jiang, Qingxiao and Xiao, Guoliang 姜庆湘萧国亮. “Cong Qing Ming Shang He Tu he Dong Jng Meng Hua Lu Kan Bei Song Bian Jing de Cheng Shi Jing Ji” 从《清明上河图》和《东京梦华录》看北宋汴京的城市经济. Zhong Guo She Hui Ke Xue 中国社会科学 1981, no.4(1981):185.web. <http://big5.oversea.cnki.net.ezproxy.library.ubc.ca/kcms/detail/detail.aspx?dbCode=cjfd&QueryID=5&CurRec=18&filename=ZSHK198104017&dbname=CJFD7984>

Meng Yuanlao 孟元老 “Dong Jing Meng Hua Lu Zhu” 東京夢華錄注. Edited by Zhicheng Zheng, Zhonghua shuju, 1982.

Onge, Peter S. T. "How Paper Money Led to the Mongol Conquest: Money and the Collapse of Song China." The Independent Review 22.2 (2017): 223-43. ProQuest. Web. 6 Oct. 2017.

Song Bian 朱弁 “Qu Wei Jiu Wen” 曲洧旧闻. no.16 Vol.9. Web.: Chinese Text Project <http://ctext.org/wiki.pl?if=gb&chapter=76624&remap=gb>

Wang, Jing 王静.“Cong Dong Jing Meng Hua Lu Kan Bei Song She Hui de She Chi Xiao Fei” 从《东京梦华录》看北宋社会的奢侈消费. Ke Xue Chuang Xin Dao Bao 科技创新导报. 219, no.29(2014). Web. <http://eng.oversea.cnki.net.ezproxy.library.ubc.ca/kcms/detail/detail.aspx?filename=ZXDB201429151&DBName=cjfqtotal&dbcode=cjfq>

Rong

Format: Annotated Translation/Literature Review/Research Essay/Virtual Exhibition [Literature Review]

Title of Project [Woman status in marriage]

Central Question: [ I am interested in researching on marrige in late Ming dynasty . because I would like to find out how woman acts in a family and in a marriage and In order to understand how woman has been treated and the social values on woman's behaviour in the marriage in late Ming dynasty.]

Sources:

Roya

Format: Virtual Exhibition

The Symbolic hairstyle change of men before, during, & after the Qing Dynasty

Central Question: In order to gain a better understanding of China's fashion change in regards to social and political changes, I'm interested to research about the change in men's hairstyle during the Ming Dynasty, followed by Qing Dynasty, and after the fall of the Qing.

Ryan Walker

Format: Literature Review

Title of Project: The Rise of the Merchant Class and it's Perceptions in Late Imperial Chinese Society

Central Question: I am interested on researching and comparing the scholarships that discuss the rise and development of the Merchant Class in to economy and politics during the era of Late Imperial China. My goal is to review the perception of the Merchant Class in late Imperial Chinese Society, specifically the Ming, and how the perceptions grew as the class became more powerful. I would also like to find out if scholars genuinely agree that the civil service examination had a profound effect on the job market and economic development.The patterns examined so far include the rise of economic development thanks to literacy, the rise of commercial trade, and the rise of labour mobility. In short, my plan is to assess how the Merchant Class was perceived, why stigmas existed and how they changed over time, and how the merchant class evolved over the Ming period.

Topics: i. Education ii. Commerce iii. Economy iv. Literacy

In light of these topics, my inquiries consist of imploring the labour market and the changes over time in the spread of literacy. Moreover, I would like to analyze the spread of public and private education and their effects on the pre-industrial job market and furthermore commercial development. I plan to contrast and compare various authors such as Timothy Brook and his views of Commerce and Culture in Ming China, Richard Von Glahn and his paper of The Economic History of China, and other authors such as Elman, Rawski, and Benjamin's journals on literacy and civil service examination development.

Sources: The Confusions of Pleasure: Commerce and Culture in Ming China - Timothy Brook Honorable Merchants: Commerce and Self-Cultivation in Late Imperial China - Richard Lufrano The Ledgers of Merit and Demerit: Social Change and Moral Order in Late... -Cynthia Brokaw A Cultural History of Civil Examinations in Late Imperial China - Benjamin Elman Education and Popular Literacy in Ch'ing China - Evelynn Rawski The Economic History of China: From Antiquity to the Nineteenth Century - Richard Von Glahn

Sisi

Format: Literature Review/Research Essay

Title of Project [Replace]

Central Question: I am interested in researching on Song literature because I would like to find out how/why. . . in order to understand how/why. . .]

Sources: Song Dynasty poems / translated by John Knoepfle and Wang Shouyi.

Zhang Jian. Literary families and family literature of the Song Dynasty. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11702-008-0006-1

su

Format: Annotated Translstion/Literature Review/Research Essay/ Virtual Exhibition [Research Essay]

Title of project [Popular Culture & Historical Realities in Later Imperial China”.

Central Question: [ What do “popular stories” reveal about social expectations and rules of behavior/conduct in late imperial China? I will searching few stories because I would like to find out how certain stories reveals about social norms and behaviors in order to find out how rules were structured or shaped in society. ]

Sources: - Jiang Xingge Reencounters His Pearl Shirt - Duke Pei of Jin Returns a Concubine to Her Rightful Husband -Concubinage and motherhood in Qing China - The emotional underpinnings of male fidelity in Imperial China. - Cultural conflict and the social reconstruction of early Qing. -Kin networks, marriage, and social mobility in late imperial China. -The conception of wealth among the merchants in late imperial China.

Tian Han (Robert)

Format: Research Essay

Title of Project "Why Zeng Guofan stay loyal to the Qing empire?" (Tianhan Gao)

Central Question:

I am interested in researching on Zeng Guofan fought against Taiping Rebellion  because I would like to find out why did he defend Qing dynasty which is Manchu's empire in order to understand why did he stay loyal to Qing]

Sources: HSIEH, A. C. (1975). Tseng Kuo-fan, A Nineteenth-century Confucian General (Order No. 7614045). Available from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global. (288040400). Retrieved from http://ezproxy.library.ubc.ca/login?url=https://search-proquest-com.ezproxy.library.ubc.ca/docview/288040400?accountid=14656

Michael, Franz. “Revolution and Renaissance in Nineteenth-Century China: The Age of Tseng Kuo-Fan.” Pacific Historical Review, vol. 16, no. 2, 1947, pp. 144–151. JSTOR, JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/3635137.

Morse, H. B. “The English Historical Review.” The English Historical Review, vol. 43, no. 171, 1928, pp. 447–449. JSTOR, JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/552086.

Wilhelm, Hellmut. “Tseng Kuo-Fan and Liu Chʿuan-Ying.” Journal of the American Oriental Society, vol. 96, no. 2, 1976, pp. 268–272. JSTOR, JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/599829.

Wilhelm, Hellmut. “THE YOUNG TSENG KUO-FAN: HOME INFLUENCES AND FAMILY BACKGROUND.” Monumenta Serica, vol. 32, 1976, pp. 21–54. JSTOR, JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/40726199.

Wenxuan

Format: Virtual Exhibition

The Paintings from Female artists in the Ming dynasty

Central Question:

I am interested in researching on the women's paintings in the Ming dynasty because I would like to find out how these paintings could express the women's thoughts under the highly patriarchal Ming society. The purpose of my project is to help understand how women can use their approach to express their thoughts or desire in the late imperial China. In order to reach the goal, I will identify several female artists at first, and then to classify their representative works by their living background. From the comparison of paintings’ content, I will combine the authors’ personal background to analyze the importance of their work.

Sources:

Secondary sources:

Chen Shan. 《明代女性绘画》. 2005.11

Shi Zhichao. 《明代名媛画家花鸟画的题材研究》. 2013.5

Zhang Shuaishuai. 《明代闺阁花鸟画研究》. 2014.5

Chen Lu. 《晚明女性绘画概观》. 2017.1

Cahill James. “Paintings Done for Women in Ming-Qing China?”. Vol, 8:1. 2006, 1-54. Doi: 10.1163/156852606777374637

XinYue

Format:Literature Review

“Foot binding during Song and Qing dynasty”

Central Question: I am interested in researching on foot binding in Song and Qing dynasty because I would like to find out why women did foot binding during Song and Qing dynasty, in order to by studying the case of foot binding, we can studied the gender difference and class of society at that time.

Sources: Houghton, R.C. (1877). Woman of the Orient; an account of the religious, intellectual, and social condition of women in Japan, China, India, Egypt, Syria, and Turkey.New York: Nelson and Phillips.

Dorothy Ko, "The Body as Attire: The Shifting Meanings of Foot binding in Seventeenth-Century China external link icon," Journal of Women's History 8.4 (1997): 8–27.

J.DUDGEON,M.D, "The small Feet of Chinese Women”(1869,p 93-96)"

Ko, D. (2005). Cinderella’s Sisters: A Revisionist History of Footbinding. University of California Press.

Yen-Ping

Format: Literature Review

Investigation of the civil-military relationships of Ming

Central Question: The economic, literature, artworks, technologies and so many aspects of prosperous Ming dynasty have been widely discussed and researched by many scholars. Before the late Ming, the great dynasty’s central power remained unchallenged for most of the 200 years of its rule. We cannot take away the importance of the contribution of the civil administration and, as equally important, the military that directly demonstrated power of the state. The civil and military institutions were the pillars that sustained the empire. Therefore, the relationships between the two become important for us to know, and thus it is my goal to have a deeper research on what the relationships between the civil and military officials were during the Ming. How did the civil officials and the military officials see each other? Were there cooperations or conflicts between the two? If so then what was the result?

Sources: Filipiak, Kai. “The Effects Of Civil Officials Handling Military Affairs In Ming Times.” Ming Studies, vol. 2012, no. 66, 2012, pp. 1–15., doi:10.1179/0147037x12z.0000000001.

Hucker, Charles O. “Governmental Organization of The Ming Dynasty.” Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, vol. 21, 1958, pp. 1–66. JSTOR, JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/2718619.

Millinger, James. “Ch'i Chi-Kuang – A Ming Military Official as Viewed by His Contemporary Civil Officials.” Oriens Extremus, vol. 20, no. 1, 1973, pp. 103–117. JSTOR, JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/44001276.

Robinson, David. “WHY MILITARY INSTITUTIONS MATTER FOR MING HISTORY.” Journal of Chinese History, vol. 1, no. 2, 2017, pp. 297–327., doi:10.1017/jch.2016.36.

Ryor, Kathleen. “Regulating the Qi and the Xin: Xu Wei (1521-1593) and His Military Patrons.” Archives of Asian Art, vol. 54, 2004, pp. 23–33. JSTOR, JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/20111314.

Ryor, Kathleen. "Wen and Wu in Elite Cultural Practices during the Late Ming" Military Culture in Imperial China., edited by Cosmo, Nicola Di, Harvard University Press, 2011, 219-242

Yixuan

Format： Literature Review

Title of Project: Analysis of the Causes and Ways of the Existence of Prostitutes and Courtesans in Ming Dynasty in China'

Central Question: [This project mainly studies why the prostitutes and courtesan could exist in feudal (Fengjian) society in the Ming Dynasty, and how they existed. The Confucianism was still an orthodox thought in the Ming Dynasty. Confucianism pursues benevolence, righteousness, wisdom, and loyalty, and it has harsh orders on women. The existence of prostitutes unavoidably conflicts with Confucianism. Prostitutes get benefits by selling themselves (body or talent). It is conflicted with the Confucianism's claim of women's values. Simultaneously, courtesans are required to have a very high cultural accomplishment. It is also contrary to the Confucianism in the requirements of women without talent values. So in the project, I will study in why prostitutes can also survive in the Ming Dynasty, what kind of woman will become a prostitute, and how they can survive.The study of this project helps to understand the non-orthodox culture of Chinese feudal times. First of all, the prostitutes in the Ming Dynasty had a relatively high artistic pursuit, including that some prostitutes could create their poetry or paintings. Secondly, we can understand the non-orthodox culture from understanding prostitutes, and we can learn how the non-orthodox culture survived in Chinese society even if it was contrary to orthodox culture; they might be accepted in a particular form, or they secretly existed in society. The formation of this industry for prostitutes provides a perfect theme for the literary creation of Chinese non-mainstream writers. In the Ming Dynasty, many novels, poems, and paintings were inspired by prostitutes.]

Sources: Merlin, Monica. "The Nanjing Courtesan Ma Shouzhen (1548–1604): Gender, Space and Painting in the Late Ming Pleasure Quarter." Gender & History, vol. 23, no. 3, 2011, pp. 630-652.

Pi-Ching, Hsu. "Courtesans and Scholars in the Writings of Feng Menglong: Transcending Status and Gender." Nan nü, vol. 2, no. 1, 2000, pp. 40-77.

Wang Junyue王君月. Mingmo qingchu shi ji jiao you kao – yi Ma Shouzhen yu Wang Zhideng de jiao wang wei li 明末清初士妓交游考——以马守真与王穉登的交往为例." (Rong bao zhai)荣宝斋, no. 4, 2016, pp. 150-157.

Wang Shunu 王书奴. Zhong guo chang ji shi 中国娼妓史. (Shanghai: Shanghai san lian shu dian, 1988), 193- 230.

Wetzel, Jean. "Hidden Connections: Courtesans in the Art World of the Ming Dynasty."Women's Studies, vol. 31, no. 5, 2002, pp. 645-669.

Wu Zhou 武舟. Zhong guo ji nv sheng huo shi 中国妓女生活史. (Hunan: Hunan wen yi chu ban she, 1990), 77- 227

Zurndorfer, Harriet T. "Prostitutes and Courtesans in the Confucian Moral Universe of Late Ming China (1550–1644)." International Review of Social History, vol. 56, no. S19, 2011, pp. 197-216.

Yuqing

Format: Literature Review

Improvement of 'Women's Status in Late Imperial China'

Central Question: I am interested in researching on the gender relations in late imperial China, because I would like to find out about lives of women in imperial China in order to understand what could women do to better themselves and carve a space for themselves in society and history. I will examine the lives of different women such as courtesans, female writers and “martyr” women who committed suicide and show how gender and Confucianism greatly limited women’s options of determining their own lives.

Sources: Carlitz, K. (1997). Shrines, governing-class identity, and the cult of widow fidelity in Mid-Ming Jiangnan. The Journal of Asian Studies, 56(3), p. 612-640. Gerritsen. A. (2005). The many guides of Xiaoluan: The legacy of a girl poet in late imperial China. Journal of Women’s History, 17(2), 38-61.

Yuxuan

Format: Virtual Exhibition

Title of Project [The Mandarin Square System in Ming Dynasty]

Central Question: [I am interested in researching on mandarin square system in Ming Dynasty. because I would like to find out how mandarin square come from and the certain function of this kind of robe decoration worked in Ming dynasty. In order to understand how the mandarin square developed over time and how it worked, i'd like to use pictures to show up each kind of birds or animals by each rank of officials in an E-magazine form. And also talked about the origination of this system since Tang dynasty.]

Sources: Li Dongyang, 1497. Code of Great Ming Dynasty. 大明会典卷六十一. Vol. 61. Historical Record of Ming, 明史志第四十三. Vol. 43. San Cai Tu Hui, 三才图会，1585. Gan, Zhenyu. 2017. 溯源古代官服上的 “补子”. Wenshibolan. 文史博览. Vol.2. pp46-48. Volpp, Sophie. 2005. The Gift of a Python Robe: The Circulation of Objects in “Jin Ping Mei”. Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, Vol. 65, No.1. pp 133-158. Wang, Yinming. 2008. A Brief Talk on the Cultural Connotation of Buzi on Official Robes in the Ming Dynasty. 浅析明代官服 ”补子“ 的文化意蕴. Journal of Nanning Pdytechnic. Vol. 13, No. 4. Pp 20-22.

Zhijue

Format:

annotated translation

Discourse on Factions in Northern Song Dynasty

Central Question: In Wei Ling Gong part of The analects of Confucius, Master clearly says noble man, Junzi, makes friends, but never belongs to a clique, but Ouyang Xiu openly advocated that noble men also have clique. It was a huge challenge to traditional Confucian thought. I am interested in researching on Su Shi's Xu Ouyang Zi peng dang lun because I would like to find out why Factionalism can be made public classic elite, and became so popular in Song dynasty in northern Song dynasty when factionalism is definitely negatived in The Analects of Confucius, in order to know the specific political environment this specific dynasty.

Sources: 1. LEVINE, ARI DANIEL. “Faction Theory and the Political Imagination of the Northern Song.” Asia Major, vol. 18, no. 2, 2005, pp. 155–200. JSTOR, JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/41649908.

2. Shi Junhou 师君侯 and Cheng Changjian 成长健. Zhongguo wenxue yanjiu中国文学研究: cong sanpian pengdanglun kan beisong de dangzheng从三篇《朋党论》看北宋的党争., 1993. issue:2 pp: 24-29Web. 6 Oct. 2017.

3. Luo Jiaxiang 罗家祥. Huazhong shifan daxuexuebao(renwen shehui kexueban)华中师范大学学报 (人文社会科学版) Beisong Junzi youdanglun shuping 北宋“君子有党论”述评. 1989 issue: 5 pp: 66-74 Web.6 Oct.2017

.4. Levine, A. D..Divided by a Common Language: Factional Conflict in Late Northern Song China. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press, 2008. Project MUSE,

5. Chen Yujing程宇静. Lantaishijie 兰台世界: Lun Ouyang Xiu pengdanglun zai houshi de yingxiang论欧阳修《朋党论》在后世的影响., 2013 issue:11 Page: 99-100. Web. 6 Oct. 2017.

6 Su, Shi 苏轼. Jing jin dong po wen ji shi lue 经进东坡文集事略 xu Ouyang zi peng dang lun 续欧阳子朋党论. Vol. 1, Wen xue gu ji kan xing she 文学古籍刊行社, 1957

Zi Chao

Format: Literature Review

What are the functions of Chinese architecture shapes Chinese garden

Central Question: The aim of my essay is to study the relationship between the Chinese architecture and people’s identity, jobs, or status in the late imperial period. Buildings in China are not just a house, but also a manifestation of authority or wealth. The garden and the building are inseparable part because the Chinese house is group construction, which the houses have linked the garden. In the building, every design has the meaning and it is not only reflected in the aesthetic. This may be related to Feng Shui, or there may be the designer's creativity or willingness. This article will significantly use the symbolic approach, exploring these gardens are built for whom and why they are built? Also, I will mention the changes of the architectures over time and helps to understand the architecture meaning toward the period.

Sources: Lihui, Zhang. "Social Classes and Cultural Connotations of Yangzhou Home Gardens during the Late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China." Journal of Landscape Research, vol. 8, no. 6, 2016, pp. 102.

Course:17W-ASIA-440

Instructions

Table of Contents

Annotated Translation

Literature Review

Research Essay

Virtual Exhibition

Paper Abstracts

Branden

Jasdeep

Jiateng

Kai

Keyuan

Lin

Margareta

Meng

Miranda

Qingjian

Ran

Rong

Roya

Ryan Walker

Sisi

su

Tian Han (Robert)

Wenxuan

XinYue

Yen-Ping

Yixuan

Yuqing

Yuxuan

Zhijue

Zi Chao