https://wiki.ubc.ca/api.php?action=feedcontributions&user=HoldenWall&feedformat=atomUBC Wiki - User contributions [en]2024-03-29T14:58:38ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.39.6https://wiki.ubc.ca/index.php?title=GRSJ224/transparents&diff=610450GRSJ224/transparents2020-08-01T02:54:39Z<p>HoldenWall: </p>
<hr />
<div>== Transgender Parents ==<br />
In 2007, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Beatie Thomas Beatie] became the world's first widely recognized pregnant man, and maternity pictures of his growing belly were shared across the globe. Beatie, a transgender man, chose to carry his child due to his wife's infertility, and the baby was conceived through artificial insemination<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://people.com/parents/the-pregnant-man-gives-birth/|title=The Pregnant Man Gives Birth|last=People|first=Staff|date=3 July 2008|work=People Magazine|access-date=30 July 2020}}</ref>. Since then, Beatie has given birth to a total of three children<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.12news.com/article/news/local/valley/what-is-life-like-now-for-the-pregnant-man/75-009524b5-abc2-42fc-8cd9-a36a79cc2aba|title=What is life like now for 'The Pregnant Man''?|last=Mai|first=Tram|date=6 February 2019|work=12News|access-date=30 July 2020}}</ref>, and pregnancy among transgender men is increasingly common, although the official numbers continue to be low because trans men are registered as female in records of hospital births<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/feature/nbc-out/trans-dads-tell-doctors-you-can-be-man-have-baby-n1006906|title=Trans dads tell doctors: "You can be a man and have a baby"|last=Compton|first=Julie|date=18 May 2019|work=NBC News|access-date=30 July 2020}}</ref>. Many transgender people are raising children, and the circumstances surrounding the prevalence of transgender parenthood are diverse. The complexity of gender identity, transition, and the potential fertility problems related to hormone therapies mean that trans parents and trans families come in all shapes and sizes. <br />
<br />
==== Social Media ====<br />
[[File:Trystan.jpg|thumb|Image of two men, one who is visibly pregnant and holding his belly.]]<br />
<br />
Several trans men have documented their pregnancy journeys on social media. Thomas Beatie published a novel, ''Labor of Love: The Story of One Man's Extraordinary Pregnancy'', and he has appeared on several television shows and in news articles to share his story. Trystan Reese, a trans man who gave birth to a child who was conceived through intercourse with his husband, Biff, shares stories about his pregnancy on [https://www.instagram.com/biffandi/ Instagram] and [https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCaawoFwNpnD08Crc50EG3VA Youtube]. Another trans man, Jason Barker, recorded every step of his pregnancy journey and produced a film titled ''A Deal With The Universe'' (2018). The 2017 documentary ''Womb of Their Own'' follows several trans men and nonbinary people who discuss their pregnancies and experiences breast-feeding.<br />
<br />
== Gender, transition, and reproduction ==<br />
<br />
=== Options for Transgender People to Have a Biological Child ===<br />
There are a myriad of methods that transgender people can use to have a biological child. Each possible method depends on the physiology the person was born with, as well as their current physiology, taking into account possible gender-affirming surgeries that may have an impact on an individual's fertility. Gonadectomies (removal of tests or ovaries) have immediate impacts on fertility<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Amato|first=Paula|date=17 June 2016|title=Fertility Options for Transgender Persons|url=https://transcare.ucsf.edu/guidelines/fertility|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=30 July 2020|website=University of California, San Francisco: Transgender Care}}</ref>, and the effects of hormones on fertility may be long term or permanent<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal|last=Strang|first=John F|date=2018|title=Transgender Youth Fertility Attitudes Questionnaire: Measure Development in Nonautistic and Autisstic Transgender Youth and Their Parents|url=|journal=Journal of Adolescent Health|volume=62|issue=2|pages=128-135|doi=10.1016/j.jadohealth.2017.07.022|via=ClinicalKey}}</ref>. In order to allow transgender people to have full and informed consent prior to undergoing hormone replacement therapy or gender-affirming surgery, it has been recommended that [https://transcare.ucsf.edu/guidelines/fertility physicians must explain] to patients what the possible effects may be on their fertility. <br />
<br />
Fertility preservation options may include [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryopreservation cryopreservation] of sperm, oocyte, embryo, ovarian tissue or testicular tissue<ref name=":0" />, which means that reproductive cells are removed from the body while being preserved for future use. Cryopreservation is a way of allowing transgender patients to undergo gender-affirming treatments which may render them sterile while also having viable [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamete gametes] to have a biological child in the future. <br />
<br />
Despite the possibility of sterility related to hormone replacement therapy, many transgender people conceive children through [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_intercourse intercourse], without medical intervention or assistance. Transgender men who have a functioning womb are able to carry a child -- often after several months of ceasing their hormone treatments to allow their bodies to resume menstruation<ref name=":0" />. Transgender women, who are not born with a uterus, are currently medically unable to be pregnant, but the development of uterus transplants in humans by Dr Mats Brännström suggests that it may be possible in the future<ref>{{Cite web|last=Maron|first=Dina Fine|date=15 June 2016|title=How a Transgender Woman Could Get Pregnant|url=https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-a-transgender-woman-could-get-pregnant/|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=30 July 2020|website=Scientific American}}</ref>. Transgender women are able to conceive children biologically by providing their sperm, whether pre- or post-[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaginoplasty vaginoplasty], as long as their testes remain intact<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|last=Alford|first=Ashley V|last2=Theisen|first2=Katherine M|last3=Kim|first3=Nicholas|last4=Bodie|first4=Joshua A|last5=Pariser|first5=Joseph J|date=1 February 2020|title=Successful Ejaculatory Sperm Cryopreservation After Cessation of Long-term Estrogen Therapy in a Transgender Female|url=|journal=Urology|volume=136|pages=e48-e50|via=ClinicalKey}}</ref>, and can conceive a child through intercourse pre-vaginoplasty or through cryopreservation before or after a vaginoplasty<ref name=":2" />. <br />
<br />
== Conception, fertility ==<br />
<br />
=== Trans pregnancy ===<br />
Currently, many trans men and non-binary people with uteruses can and do get pregnant. There are many options for conceiving a child, including [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_insemination artificial insemination], conception through [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_intercourse intercourse], and [https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/in-vitro-fertilization/about/pac-20384716 in vitro fertilization] (IVF), each of which is possible when a trans person with a functioning uterus is to carry the child. The genetics of the child will be dependent upon the partner of the trans person: if the person carrying the child supplies the egg, their partner would need to supply sperm, or they would need to use a sperm donor to fertilize the egg and conceive. <br />
<br />
==== Interest in being a parent ====<br />
Many trans men report that their relationship to parenthood shifted during their gender transition<ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|last=Charter|first=Rosie|date=2018|title=The Transgender Parent: Experiences and Constructions of Pregnancy and Parenthood for Transgender Men in Australia|url=|journal=The International Journal of Transgenderism|volume=19|issue=1|pages=64-77|via=Taylor & Francis Online}}</ref>, with the desire to become a parent developing only after they had come out as transgender or had started transitioning. The shift of hypothetical parental identity from mother to father was a powerful experience for the trans men involved in a 2018 study, allowing them to imagine themselves as parents within the gendered parental role which aligned with their gender identity<ref name=":4" />. <br />
<br />
==== Fertility ====<br />
Fertility among trans people is largely dependent upon two factors: 1) use of hormone replacement therapy, and 2) surgical status of reproductive organs. While some of the long-term effects of hormone replacement therapy are unknown, there is a possibility of permanent sterility. However, for many trans men seeking to carry a child, they are able to conceive a child within 18 months of ceasing hormone replacement therapies<ref name=":0" />. <br />
<br />
In relation to some trans men's disinterest in becoming parents prior to transition, there is the chance that they may undergo gender-affirming surgeries which permanently render them incapable of pregnancy, such as [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hysterectomy hysterectomy], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oophorectomy oopherectomy], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metoidioplasty metoidioplasty], or [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phalloplasty phalloplasty]. In these cases, pregnancy is no longer an option for the transgender man, but there are other ways of conceiving a child, such as a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrogacy surrogate pregnancy], adoption, or a partner carrying a child. Among trans youth in a 2018 study, the vast majority had no hesitation regarding adoption as an alternative to raising biological children<ref name=":3" />. <br />
<br />
=== Trans childbirth ===<br />
Trans people can face difficulties accessing adequate reproductive healthcare<ref>Karaian, Lara. "Pregnant Men: Repronormativity, Critical Trans Theory and the Re(conceive)ing of Sex and Pregnancy in Law." ''Social & Legal Studies'', vol. 22, no. 2, June 2013, pp. 211-230, doi:10.1177/0964663912474862. ''Sage Journals.''</ref>, including obstetricians with existing knowledge of transgender people and trans pregnancy. Some pregnant transgender men who required obstetric services during their pregnancies found it difficult to book appointments and access these services because of how booking and computer systems were managed<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Hoffkling|first=Alexis|last2=Obedin-Maliver|first2=Juno|last3=Sevelius|first3=Jae|date=2017|title=From Erasure to Opportunity: A Qualitative Study of the Experiences of Transgender Men Around Pregnancy and Recommendations for Providers|url=|journal=BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth|volume=17|pages=7-20|via=Crossmark}}</ref>. This barrier to reproductive and perinatal healthcare may compromise the health of the child. Difficulty finding a doctor knowledgeable about transgender pregnancies is an additional discomfort, particular during labor and birth, as several trans men who have given birth report. <br />
<br />
=== Trans parents and adoption ===<br />
For many trans people, adoption is an attractive and viable option to start a family and raise a child. At this time, there are no legal barriers in the United States or Canada which could prevent a transgender individual or couple from adopting a child, although there are also very few legal protections for transgender applicants who wish to adopt a child. <br />
<br />
== Children of trans parents ==<br />
<br />
=== Role-relational ambiguity ===<br />
Children whose parents come out as transgender during their lifetime commonly experience role-relational ambiguity<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last=Tabor|first=Jaclyn|date=2019|title=Mom, Dad, or Somewhere in Between: Role-Relational Ambiguity and Children of Transgender Parents|url=|journal=Journal of Marriage and Family|volume=81|issue=2|pages=506-519|doi=10.1111/joml.12537|via=Proquest}}</ref>. Role-relational ambiguity refers to the uncertainty that may arise as a result of changes in the roles and relational status that may accompany another person's gender transition. In families with parents who transition after having a child, this means that the child experiences the transition of their mother into their father, or their father into their mother, the transition may confuse the child's relationship to the parent, and rifts in the relationship may occur. Some of the challenges related to a parent's transition include lack of clarity on how to address a trans parent, which pronouns to use, and how to view a parent who had fundamentally changed in the eyes of the child<ref name=":1" />. Despite some people's belief that [https://thefederalist.com/2016/10/11/transgender-mans-child-hurt-will-hurt-kids/ all people with transgender parents will suffer] as a result of their parent's transition, studies have shown that even in the face of challenging adjustments, children of trans parents often resolve the role-relational ambiguity over time and continue a relationship with the parent. The majority of people with trans parents involved in a recent study<ref name=":1" /> were actively engaged in attempts to radically restructure and redefine relationships with their parent despite the difficulties of role-relational ambiguity. <br />
<br />
=== Stages of life ===<br />
Evidence shows that there are different relationships between children and their trans parent(s) depending on the timelines of their trans identity and transition. Role-relational ambiguity most often impacts children whose parent came out as transgender and/or began transitioning during the child's lifetime. <br />
<br />
For children whose parents identified as transgender prior to the child's birth, such as children whose parents already identified as trans during the child's pregnancy or early infancy, the relationship is radically different. As Trystan Reese explains, parents can guide their children's ideas about gender and about families<ref>{{Cite web|last=Reese|first=Trystan|date=2 October 2019|title=Talking Trans With Your Kids|url=https://www.familyequality.org/2019/10/02/talking-trans-with-your-kids/|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=30 July 2020|website=Family Equality}}</ref>. This means that a child whose initial relationship to their transgender parent was ''as a transgender parent'', there would be no distress relating to role-relational ambiguity. It is not the transgender identity itself which creates role-relational ambiguity, but the changing aspect of a parent's transition and the changing roles and relationships related to such a transition. <br />
<br />
=== Development ===<br />
Children raised by a transgender parent or transgender parents have been demonstrated to develop and function on a level comparable to those from traditional cisgender and heterosexual families<ref name=":5">{{Cite journal|last=Webster|first=Cecil R|last2=Telingator|first2=Cynthia J|date=December 2016|title=Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Families|url=|journal=Pediatric Clinics of North America|volume=63|pages=1107-1119|via=}}</ref>, and additionally develop particular strengths linked to having LGBTQ+ parents<ref name=":5" />. <br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<references /></div>HoldenWallhttps://wiki.ubc.ca/index.php?title=File:Trystan.jpg&diff=610449File:Trystan.jpg2020-08-01T02:54:17Z<p>HoldenWall: User created page with UploadWizard</p>
<hr />
<div>=={{int:filedesc}}==<br />
{{Information<br />
|description={{en|1=Image of two men, one who is visibly pregnant and holding his belly.}}<br />
|date=2020-07-31<br />
|source=Huffington Post<br />
|author=Trystan Reese<br />
|permission=<br />
|other versions=<br />
}}<br />
<br />
=={{int:license-header}}==<br />
{{cc-by-sa-4.0}}</div>HoldenWallhttps://wiki.ubc.ca/index.php?title=GRSJ224/transparents&diff=610444GRSJ224/transparents2020-08-01T02:47:20Z<p>HoldenWall: </p>
<hr />
<div>== Transgender Parents ==<br />
In 2007, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Beatie Thomas Beatie] became the world's first widely recognized pregnant man, and maternity pictures of his growing belly were shared across the globe. Beatie, a transgender man, chose to carry his child due to his wife's infertility, and the baby was conceived through artificial insemination<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://people.com/parents/the-pregnant-man-gives-birth/|title=The Pregnant Man Gives Birth|last=People|first=Staff|date=3 July 2008|work=People Magazine|access-date=30 July 2020}}</ref>. Since then, Beatie has given birth to a total of three children<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.12news.com/article/news/local/valley/what-is-life-like-now-for-the-pregnant-man/75-009524b5-abc2-42fc-8cd9-a36a79cc2aba|title=What is life like now for 'The Pregnant Man''?|last=Mai|first=Tram|date=6 February 2019|work=12News|access-date=30 July 2020}}</ref>, and pregnancy among transgender men is increasingly common, although the official numbers continue to be low because trans men are registered as female in records of hospital births<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/feature/nbc-out/trans-dads-tell-doctors-you-can-be-man-have-baby-n1006906|title=Trans dads tell doctors: "You can be a man and have a baby"|last=Compton|first=Julie|date=18 May 2019|work=NBC News|access-date=30 July 2020}}</ref>. Many transgender people are raising children, and the circumstances surrounding the prevalence of transgender parenthood are diverse. The complexity of gender identity, transition, and the potential fertility problems related to hormone therapies mean that trans parents and trans families come in all shapes and sizes. <br />
<br />
==== Social Media ====<br />
Several trans men have documented their pregnancy journeys on social media. Thomas Beatie published a novel, ''Labor of Love: The Story of One Man's Extraordinary Pregnancy'', and he has appeared on several television shows and in news articles to share his story. Trystan Reese, a trans man who gave birth to a child who was conceived through intercourse with his husband, Biff, shares stories about his pregnancy on [https://www.instagram.com/biffandi/ Instagram] and [https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCaawoFwNpnD08Crc50EG3VA Youtube]. Another trans man, Jason Barker, recorded every step of his pregnancy journey and produced a film titled ''A Deal With The Universe'' (2018). The 2017 documentary ''Womb of Their Own'' follows several trans men and nonbinary people who discuss their pregnancies and experiences breast-feeding.<br />
<br />
== Gender, transition, and reproduction ==<br />
<br />
=== Options for Transgender People to Have a Biological Child ===<br />
There are a myriad of methods that transgender people can use to have a biological child. Each possible method depends on the physiology the person was born with, as well as their current physiology, taking into account possible gender-affirming surgeries that may have an impact on an individual's fertility. Gonadectomies (removal of tests or ovaries) have immediate impacts on fertility<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Amato|first=Paula|date=17 June 2016|title=Fertility Options for Transgender Persons|url=https://transcare.ucsf.edu/guidelines/fertility|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=30 July 2020|website=University of California, San Francisco: Transgender Care}}</ref>, and the effects of hormones on fertility may be long term or permanent<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal|last=Strang|first=John F|date=2018|title=Transgender Youth Fertility Attitudes Questionnaire: Measure Development in Nonautistic and Autisstic Transgender Youth and Their Parents|url=|journal=Journal of Adolescent Health|volume=62|issue=2|pages=128-135|doi=10.1016/j.jadohealth.2017.07.022|via=ClinicalKey}}</ref>. In order to allow transgender people to have full and informed consent prior to undergoing hormone replacement therapy or gender-affirming surgery, it has been recommended that [https://transcare.ucsf.edu/guidelines/fertility physicians must explain] to patients what the possible effects may be on their fertility. <br />
<br />
Fertility preservation options may include [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryopreservation cryopreservation] of sperm, oocyte, embryo, ovarian tissue or testicular tissue<ref name=":0" />, which means that reproductive cells are removed from the body while being preserved for future use. Cryopreservation is a way of allowing transgender patients to undergo gender-affirming treatments which may render them sterile while also having viable [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamete gametes] to have a biological child in the future. <br />
<br />
Despite the possibility of sterility related to hormone replacement therapy, many transgender people conceive children through [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_intercourse intercourse], without medical intervention or assistance. Transgender men who have a functioning womb are able to carry a child -- often after several months of ceasing their hormone treatments to allow their bodies to resume menstruation<ref name=":0" />. Transgender women, who are not born with a uterus, are currently medically unable to be pregnant, but the development of uterus transplants in humans by Dr Mats Brännström suggests that it may be possible in the future<ref>{{Cite web|last=Maron|first=Dina Fine|date=15 June 2016|title=How a Transgender Woman Could Get Pregnant|url=https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-a-transgender-woman-could-get-pregnant/|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=30 July 2020|website=Scientific American}}</ref>. Transgender women are able to conceive children biologically by providing their sperm, whether pre- or post-[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaginoplasty vaginoplasty], as long as their testes remain intact<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|last=Alford|first=Ashley V|last2=Theisen|first2=Katherine M|last3=Kim|first3=Nicholas|last4=Bodie|first4=Joshua A|last5=Pariser|first5=Joseph J|date=1 February 2020|title=Successful Ejaculatory Sperm Cryopreservation After Cessation of Long-term Estrogen Therapy in a Transgender Female|url=|journal=Urology|volume=136|pages=e48-e50|via=ClinicalKey}}</ref>, and can conceive a child through intercourse pre-vaginoplasty or through cryopreservation before or after a vaginoplasty<ref name=":2" />. <br />
<br />
== Conception, fertility ==<br />
<br />
=== Trans pregnancy ===<br />
Currently, many trans men and non-binary people with uteruses can and do get pregnant. There are many options for conceiving a child, including [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_insemination artificial insemination], conception through [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_intercourse intercourse], and [https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/in-vitro-fertilization/about/pac-20384716 in vitro fertilization] (IVF), each of which is possible when a trans person with a functioning uterus is to carry the child. The genetics of the child will be dependent upon the partner of the trans person: if the person carrying the child supplies the egg, their partner would need to supply sperm, or they would need to use a sperm donor to fertilize the egg and conceive. <br />
<br />
==== Interest in being a parent ====<br />
Many trans men report that their relationship to parenthood shifted during their gender transition<ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|last=Charter|first=Rosie|date=2018|title=The Transgender Parent: Experiences and Constructions of Pregnancy and Parenthood for Transgender Men in Australia|url=|journal=The International Journal of Transgenderism|volume=19|issue=1|pages=64-77|via=Taylor & Francis Online}}</ref>, with the desire to become a parent developing only after they had come out as transgender or had started transitioning. The shift of hypothetical parental identity from mother to father was a powerful experience for the trans men involved in a 2018 study, allowing them to imagine themselves as parents within the gendered parental role which aligned with their gender identity<ref name=":4" />. <br />
<br />
==== Fertility ====<br />
Fertility among trans people is largely dependent upon two factors: 1) use of hormone replacement therapy, and 2) surgical status of reproductive organs. While some of the long-term effects of hormone replacement therapy are unknown, there is a possibility of permanent sterility. However, for many trans men seeking to carry a child, they are able to conceive a child within 18 months of ceasing hormone replacement therapies<ref name=":0" />. <br />
<br />
In relation to some trans men's disinterest in becoming parents prior to transition, there is the chance that they may undergo gender-affirming surgeries which permanently render them incapable of pregnancy, such as [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hysterectomy hysterectomy], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oophorectomy oopherectomy], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metoidioplasty metoidioplasty], or [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phalloplasty phalloplasty]. In these cases, pregnancy is no longer an option for the transgender man, but there are other ways of conceiving a child, such as a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrogacy surrogate pregnancy], adoption, or a partner carrying a child. Among trans youth in a 2018 study, the vast majority had no hesitation regarding adoption as an alternative to raising biological children<ref name=":3" />. <br />
<br />
=== Trans childbirth ===<br />
Trans people can face difficulties accessing adequate reproductive healthcare<ref>Karaian, Lara. "Pregnant Men: Repronormativity, Critical Trans Theory and the Re(conceive)ing of Sex and Pregnancy in Law." ''Social & Legal Studies'', vol. 22, no. 2, June 2013, pp. 211-230, doi:10.1177/0964663912474862. ''Sage Journals.''</ref>, including obstetricians with existing knowledge of transgender people and trans pregnancy. Some pregnant transgender men who required obstetric services during their pregnancies found it difficult to book appointments and access these services because of how booking and computer systems were managed<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Hoffkling|first=Alexis|last2=Obedin-Maliver|first2=Juno|last3=Sevelius|first3=Jae|date=2017|title=From Erasure to Opportunity: A Qualitative Study of the Experiences of Transgender Men Around Pregnancy and Recommendations for Providers|url=|journal=BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth|volume=17|pages=7-20|via=Crossmark}}</ref>. This barrier to reproductive and perinatal healthcare may compromise the health of the child. Difficulty finding a doctor knowledgeable about transgender pregnancies is an additional discomfort, particular during labor and birth, as several trans men who have given birth report. <br />
<br />
=== Trans parents and adoption ===<br />
For many trans people, adoption is an attractive and viable option to start a family and raise a child. At this time, there are no legal barriers in the United States or Canada which could prevent a transgender individual or couple from adopting a child, although there are also very few legal protections for transgender applicants who wish to adopt a child. <br />
<br />
== Children of trans parents ==<br />
<br />
=== Role-relational ambiguity ===<br />
Children whose parents come out as transgender during their lifetime commonly experience role-relational ambiguity<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last=Tabor|first=Jaclyn|date=2019|title=Mom, Dad, or Somewhere in Between: Role-Relational Ambiguity and Children of Transgender Parents|url=|journal=Journal of Marriage and Family|volume=81|issue=2|pages=506-519|doi=10.1111/joml.12537|via=Proquest}}</ref>. Role-relational ambiguity refers to the uncertainty that may arise as a result of changes in the roles and relational status that may accompany another person's gender transition. In families with parents who transition after having a child, this means that the child experiences the transition of their mother into their father, or their father into their mother, the transition may confuse the child's relationship to the parent, and rifts in the relationship may occur. Some of the challenges related to a parent's transition include lack of clarity on how to address a trans parent, which pronouns to use, and how to view a parent who had fundamentally changed in the eyes of the child<ref name=":1" />. Despite some people's belief that [https://thefederalist.com/2016/10/11/transgender-mans-child-hurt-will-hurt-kids/ all people with transgender parents will suffer] as a result of their parent's transition, studies have shown that even in the face of challenging adjustments, children of trans parents often resolve the role-relational ambiguity over time and continue a relationship with the parent. The majority of people with trans parents involved in a recent study<ref name=":1" /> were actively engaged in attempts to radically restructure and redefine relationships with their parent despite the difficulties of role-relational ambiguity. <br />
<br />
=== Stages of life ===<br />
Evidence shows that there are different relationships between children and their trans parent(s) depending on the timelines of their trans identity and transition. Role-relational ambiguity most often impacts children whose parent came out as transgender and/or began transitioning during the child's lifetime. <br />
<br />
For children whose parents identified as transgender prior to the child's birth, such as children whose parents already identified as trans during the child's pregnancy or early infancy, the relationship is radically different. As Trystan Reese explains, parents can guide their children's ideas about gender and about families<ref>{{Cite web|last=Reese|first=Trystan|date=2 October 2019|title=Talking Trans With Your Kids|url=https://www.familyequality.org/2019/10/02/talking-trans-with-your-kids/|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=30 July 2020|website=Family Equality}}</ref>. This means that a child whose initial relationship to their transgender parent was ''as a transgender parent'', there would be no distress relating to role-relational ambiguity. It is not the transgender identity itself which creates role-relational ambiguity, but the changing aspect of a parent's transition and the changing roles and relationships related to such a transition. <br />
<br />
=== Development ===<br />
Children raised by a transgender parent or transgender parents have been demonstrated to develop and function on a level comparable to those from traditional cisgender and heterosexual families<ref name=":5">{{Cite journal|last=Webster|first=Cecil R|last2=Telingator|first2=Cynthia J|date=December 2016|title=Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Families|url=|journal=Pediatric Clinics of North America|volume=63|pages=1107-1119|via=}}</ref>, and additionally develop particular strengths linked to having LGBTQ+ parents<ref name=":5" />. <br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<references /></div>HoldenWallhttps://wiki.ubc.ca/index.php?title=GRSJ224/transparents&diff=610423GRSJ224/transparents2020-08-01T02:10:11Z<p>HoldenWall: /* Trans childbirth */</p>
<hr />
<div>== Transgender Parents ==<br />
In 2007, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Beatie Thomas Beatie] became known as the world's first pregnant man, and maternity pictures of his growing belly were shared across the globe. Beatie, a transgender man, chose to carry the child due to his wife's infertility, and the baby was conceived through artificial insemination<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://people.com/parents/the-pregnant-man-gives-birth/|title=The Pregnant Man Gives Birth|last=People|first=Staff|date=3 July 2008|work=People Magazine|access-date=30 July 2020}}</ref>. Since then, Beatie has given birth to a total of three children<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.12news.com/article/news/local/valley/what-is-life-like-now-for-the-pregnant-man/75-009524b5-abc2-42fc-8cd9-a36a79cc2aba|title=What is life like now for 'The Pregnant Man''?|last=Mai|first=Tram|date=6 February 2019|work=12News|access-date=30 July 2020}}</ref>, and pregnancy among transgender men is increasingly common, although the official numbers continue to be low because trans men are registered as female in records of hospital births<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/feature/nbc-out/trans-dads-tell-doctors-you-can-be-man-have-baby-n1006906|title=Trans dads tell doctors: "You can be a man and have a baby"|last=Compton|first=Julie|date=18 May 2019|work=NBC News|access-date=30 July 2020}}</ref>. Many transgender people are raising children, and the circumstances surrounding the prevalence of transgender parenthood are diverse. The complexity of gender identity, transition, and the potential fertility problems related to hormone therapies mean that trans parents and trans families come in all shapes and sizes. <br />
<br />
Transgender parents, the children of transgender parents, and the circumstances under which transgender people become transgender parents are extremely under-researched areas. However, some studies are bringing to light the power of a transgender person's choice to become a parent. <br />
<br />
==== Social Media ====<br />
Several trans men have documented their pregnancy journeys on social media. Thomas Beatie published a novel, ''Labor of Love: The Story of One Man's Extraordinary Pregnancy'', and he has appeared on several television shows and in news articles to share his story. Trystan Reese, a trans man who gave birth to a child who was conceived through intercourse with his husband, Biff, shares stories about his pregnancy on [https://www.instagram.com/biffandi/ Instagram] and [https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCaawoFwNpnD08Crc50EG3VA Youtube]. Another trans man, Jason Barker, recorded every step of his pregnancy journey and produced a film titled ''A Deal With The Universe'' (2018). The 2017 documentary ''Womb of Their Own'' follows several trans men and nonbinary people who discuss their pregnancies and experiences breast-feeding.<br />
<br />
== Gender, transition, and reproduction ==<br />
<br />
=== Options for Trans People to Have a Biological Child ===<br />
There are a myriad of methods that transgender people can have a biological child. Each possible method depends on the physiology the person was born with, as well as their current physiology, taking into account possible gender-affirming surgeries that may have an impact on an individual's fertility. Gonadectomies (removal of tests or ovaries) have immediate impacts on fertility<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Amato|first=Paula|date=17 June 2016|title=Fertility Options for Transgender Persons|url=https://transcare.ucsf.edu/guidelines/fertility|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=30 July 2020|website=University of California, San Francisco: Transgender Care}}</ref>, and the effects of hormones on fertility may be long term or permanent<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal|last=Strang|first=John F|date=2018|title=Transgender Youth Fertility Attitudes Questionnaire: Measure Development in Nonautistic and Autisstic Transgender Youth and Their Parents|url=|journal=Journal of Adolescent Health|volume=62|issue=2|pages=128-135|doi=10.1016/j.jadohealth.2017.07.022|via=ClinicalKey}}</ref>. In order to allow transgender people to have full and informed consent prior to undergoing hormone replacement therapy or gender-affirming surgery, it has been recommended that [https://transcare.ucsf.edu/guidelines/fertility physicians must explain] to patients what the possible effects may be on their fertility. <br />
<br />
Fertility preservation options may include [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryopreservation cryopreservation] of sperm, oocyte, embryo, ovarian tissue or testicular tissue<ref name=":0" />, which means that reproductive cells are removed from the body while being preserved for future use. Cryopreservation is a way of allowing transgender patients to undergo gender-affirming treatments which may render them sterile while also having viable [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamete gametes] to have a biological child in the future. <br />
<br />
Despite the possibility of sterility related to hormone replacement therapy, many transgender people conceive children through [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_intercourse intercourse], without medical intervention or assistance. Transgender men who have a functioning womb are able to carry a child -- often after several months of ceasing their hormone treatments to allow their bodies to resume menstruation<ref name=":0" />. Transgender women, who are not born with a uterus, are currently medically unable to be pregnant, but the development of uterus transplants in humans by Dr Mats Brännström suggests that it may be possible in the future<ref>{{Cite web|last=Maron|first=Dina Fine|date=15 June 2016|title=How a Transgender Woman Could Get Pregnant|url=https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-a-transgender-woman-could-get-pregnant/|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=30 July 2020|website=Scientific American}}</ref>. Transgender women are able to conceive children biologically by providing their sperm, whether pre- or post-[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaginoplasty vaginoplasty], as long as their testes remain intact<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|last=Alford|first=Ashley V|last2=Theisen|first2=Katherine M|last3=Kim|first3=Nicholas|last4=Bodie|first4=Joshua A|last5=Pariser|first5=Joseph J|date=1 February 2020|title=Successful Ejaculatory Sperm Cryopreservation After Cessation of Long-term Estrogen Therapy in a Transgender Female|url=|journal=Urology|volume=136|pages=e48-e50|via=ClinicalKey}}</ref>, and can conceive a child through intercourse pre-vaginoplasty or through cryopreservation before or after a vaginoplasty<ref name=":2" />. <br />
<br />
== Conception, fertility ==<br />
<br />
=== Trans pregnancy ===<br />
Currently, many trans men and non-binary people with uteruses can and do get pregnant. There are many options for conceiving a child, including [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_insemination artificial insemination], conception through [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_intercourse intercourse], and [https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/in-vitro-fertilization/about/pac-20384716 in vitro fertilization] (IVF), each of which is possible when a trans person with a functioning uterus is to carry the child. The genetics of the child will be dependent upon the partner of the trans person: if the person carrying the child supplies the egg, their partner would need to supply sperm, or they would need to use a sperm donor to fertilize the egg and conceive. <br />
<br />
==== Interest in being a parent ====<br />
Many trans men report that their relationship to parenthood shifted during their gender transition<ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|last=Charter|first=Rosie|date=2018|title=The Transgender Parent: Experiences and Constructions of Pregnancy and Parenthood for Transgender Men in Australia|url=|journal=The International Journal of Transgenderism|volume=19|issue=1|pages=64-77|via=Taylor & Francis Online}}</ref>, with the desire to become a parent developing only after they had come out as transgender or had started transitioning. The shift of hypothetical parental identity from mother to father was a powerful experience for the trans men involved in a 2018 study, allowing them to imagine themselves as parents within the gendered parental role which aligned with their gender identity<ref name=":4" />. <br />
<br />
==== Fertility ====<br />
Fertility among trans people is largely dependent upon two factors: 1) use of hormone replacement therapy, and 2) surgical status of reproductive organs. While some of the long-term effects of hormone replacement therapy are unknown, there is a possibility of permanent sterility. However, for many trans men seeking to carry a child, they are able to conceive a child within 18 months of ceasing hormone replacement therapies<ref name=":0" />. <br />
<br />
In relation to some trans men's disinterest in becoming parents prior to transition, there is the chance that they may undergo gender-affirming surgeries which permanently render them incapable of pregnancy, such as [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hysterectomy hysterectomy], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oophorectomy oopherectomy], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metoidioplasty metoidioplasty], or [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phalloplasty phalloplasty]. In these cases, pregnancy is no longer an option for the transgender man, but there are other ways of conceiving a child, such as a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrogacy surrogate pregnancy], adoption, or a partner carrying a child. Among trans youth in a 2018 study, the vast majority had no hesitation regarding adoption as an alternative to raising biological children<ref name=":3" />. <br />
<br />
=== Trans childbirth ===<br />
Trans people can face difficulties accessing adequate reproductive healthcare<ref>Karaian, Lara. "Pregnant Men: Repronormativity, Critical Trans Theory and the Re(conceive)ing of Sex and Pregnancy in Law." ''Social & Legal Studies'', vol. 22, no. 2, June 2013, pp. 211-230, doi:10.1177/0964663912474862. ''Sage Journals.''</ref>, including obstetricians with existing knowledge of transgender people and trans pregnancy. <br />
<br />
=== Trans parents and adoption ===<br />
For many trans people, adoption is an attractive and viable option to start a family and raise a child. At this time, there are no legal barriers in the United States or Canada which could prevent a transgender individual or couple from adopting a child, although there are also very few legal protections for transgender applicants who wish to adopt a child. <br />
<br />
== Children of trans parents ==<br />
<br />
=== Role-relational ambiguity ===<br />
Children whose parents come out as transgender during their lifetime commonly experience role-relational ambiguity<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last=Tabor|first=Jaclyn|date=2019|title=Mom, Dad, or Somewhere in Between: Role-Relational Ambiguity and Children of Transgender Parents|url=|journal=Journal of Marriage and Family|volume=81|issue=2|pages=506-519|doi=10.1111/joml.12537|via=Proquest}}</ref>. Role-relational ambiguity refers to the uncertainty that may arise as a result of changes in the roles and relational status that may accompany another person's gender transition. In families with parents who transition after having a child, this means that the child experiences the transition of their mother into their father, or their father into their mother, the transition may confuse the child's relationship to the parent, and rifts in the relationship may occur. Some of the challenges related to a parent's transition include lack of clarity on how to address a trans parent, which pronouns to use, and how to view a parent who had fundamentally changed in the eyes of the child<ref name=":1" />. Despite some people's belief that [https://thefederalist.com/2016/10/11/transgender-mans-child-hurt-will-hurt-kids/ all people with transgender parents will suffer] as a result of their parent's transition, studies have shown that even in the face of challenging adjustments, children of trans parents often resolve the role-relational ambiguity over time and continue a relationship with the parent. The majority of people with trans parents involved in a recent study<ref name=":1" /> were actively engaged in attempts to radically restructure and redefine relationships with their parent despite the difficulties of role-relational ambiguity. <br />
<br />
=== Stages of life ===<br />
Evidence shows that there are different relationships between children and their trans parent(s) depending on the timelines of their trans identity and transition. Role-relational ambiguity most often impacts children whose parent came out as transgender and/or began transitioning during the child's lifetime. <br />
<br />
For children whose parents identified as transgender prior to the child's birth, such as children whose parents already identified as trans during the child's pregnancy or early infancy, the relationship is radically different. As Trystan Reese explains, parents can guide their children's ideas about gender and about families<ref>{{Cite web|last=Reese|first=Trystan|date=2 October 2019|title=Talking Trans With Your Kids|url=https://www.familyequality.org/2019/10/02/talking-trans-with-your-kids/|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=30 July 2020|website=Family Equality}}</ref>. This means that a child whose initial relationship to their transgender parent was ''as a transgender parent'', there would be no distress relating to role-relational ambiguity. It is not the transgender identity itself which creates role-relational ambiguity, but the changing aspect of a parent's transition and the changing roles and relationships related to such a transition. <br />
<br />
=== Development ===<br />
Children raised by a transgender parent or transgender parents have been demonstrated to develop and function on a level comparable to those from traditional cisgender and heterosexual families<ref name=":5">{{Cite journal|last=Webster|first=Cecil R|last2=Telingator|first2=Cynthia J|date=December 2016|title=Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Families|url=|journal=Pediatric Clinics of North America|volume=63|pages=1107-1119|via=}}</ref>, and additionally develop particular strengths linked to having LGBTQ+ parents<ref name=":5" />. <br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<references /></div>HoldenWallhttps://wiki.ubc.ca/index.php?title=GRSJ224/transparents&diff=610419GRSJ224/transparents2020-08-01T02:03:29Z<p>HoldenWall: </p>
<hr />
<div>== Transgender Parents ==<br />
In 2007, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Beatie Thomas Beatie] became known as the world's first pregnant man, and maternity pictures of his growing belly were shared across the globe. Beatie, a transgender man, chose to carry the child due to his wife's infertility, and the baby was conceived through artificial insemination<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://people.com/parents/the-pregnant-man-gives-birth/|title=The Pregnant Man Gives Birth|last=People|first=Staff|date=3 July 2008|work=People Magazine|access-date=30 July 2020}}</ref>. Since then, Beatie has given birth to a total of three children<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.12news.com/article/news/local/valley/what-is-life-like-now-for-the-pregnant-man/75-009524b5-abc2-42fc-8cd9-a36a79cc2aba|title=What is life like now for 'The Pregnant Man''?|last=Mai|first=Tram|date=6 February 2019|work=12News|access-date=30 July 2020}}</ref>, and pregnancy among transgender men is increasingly common, although the official numbers continue to be low because trans men are registered as female in records of hospital births<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/feature/nbc-out/trans-dads-tell-doctors-you-can-be-man-have-baby-n1006906|title=Trans dads tell doctors: "You can be a man and have a baby"|last=Compton|first=Julie|date=18 May 2019|work=NBC News|access-date=30 July 2020}}</ref>. Many transgender people are raising children, and the circumstances surrounding the prevalence of transgender parenthood are diverse. The complexity of gender identity, transition, and the potential fertility problems related to hormone therapies mean that trans parents and trans families come in all shapes and sizes. <br />
<br />
Transgender parents, the children of transgender parents, and the circumstances under which transgender people become transgender parents are extremely under-researched areas. However, some studies are bringing to light the power of a transgender person's choice to become a parent. <br />
<br />
==== Social Media ====<br />
Several trans men have documented their pregnancy journeys on social media. Thomas Beatie published a novel, ''Labor of Love: The Story of One Man's Extraordinary Pregnancy'', and he has appeared on several television shows and in news articles to share his story. Trystan Reese, a trans man who gave birth to a child who was conceived through intercourse with his husband, Biff, shares stories about his pregnancy on [https://www.instagram.com/biffandi/ Instagram] and [https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCaawoFwNpnD08Crc50EG3VA Youtube]. Another trans man, Jason Barker, recorded every step of his pregnancy journey and produced a film titled ''A Deal With The Universe'' (2018). The 2017 documentary ''Womb of Their Own'' follows several trans men and nonbinary people who discuss their pregnancies and experiences breast-feeding.<br />
<br />
== Gender, transition, and reproduction ==<br />
<br />
=== Options for Trans People to Have a Biological Child ===<br />
There are a myriad of methods that transgender people can have a biological child, despite the commonly held belief that hormone replacement therapies cause sterilization. Each possible method depends on the physiology the person was born with, as well as their current physiology, taking into account possible gender-affirming surgeries that may have an impact on an individual's fertility. Gonadectomies (removal of tests or ovaries) have immediate impacts on fertility<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Amato|first=Paula|date=17 June 2016|title=Fertility Options for Transgender Persons|url=https://transcare.ucsf.edu/guidelines/fertility|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=30 July 2020|website=University of California, San Francisco: Transgender Care}}</ref>, and the effects of hormones on fertility may be long term or permanent<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal|last=Strang|first=John F|date=2018|title=Transgender Youth Fertility Attitudes Questionnaire: Measure Development in Nonautistic and Autisstic Transgender Youth and Their Parents|url=|journal=Journal of Adolescent Health|volume=62|issue=2|pages=128-135|doi=10.1016/j.jadohealth.2017.07.022|via=ClinicalKey}}</ref>. In order to allow transgender people to have full and informed consent prior to undergoing hormone replacement therapy or gender-affirming surgery, it has been recommended that [https://transcare.ucsf.edu/guidelines/fertility physicians must explain] to patients what the possible effects may be on their fertility. <br />
<br />
Fertility preservation options may include [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryopreservation cryopreservation] of sperm, oocyte, embryo, ovarian tissue or testicular tissue<ref name=":0" />, which means that reproductive cells are removed from the body while being preserved for future use. Cryopreservation is a way of allowing transgender patients to undergo gender-affirming treatments which may render them sterile while also having viable [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamete gametes] to have a biological child in the future. <br />
<br />
Despite the possibility of sterility related to hormone replacement therapy, many transgender people conceive children through [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_intercourse intercourse], without medical intervention or assistance. Transgender men who have a functioning womb are able to carry a child -- often after several months of ceasing their hormone treatments to allow their bodies to resume menstruation<ref name=":0" />. Transgender women, who are not born with a uterus, are currently medically unable to be pregnant, but the development of uterus transplants in humans by Dr Mats Brännström suggests that it may be possible in the future<ref>{{Cite web|last=Maron|first=Dina Fine|date=15 June 2016|title=How a Transgender Woman Could Get Pregnant|url=https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-a-transgender-woman-could-get-pregnant/|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=30 July 2020|website=Scientific American}}</ref>. Transgender women are able to conceive children biologically by providing their sperm, whether pre- or post-[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaginoplasty vaginoplasty], as long as their testes remain intact<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|last=Alford|first=Ashley V|last2=Theisen|first2=Katherine M|last3=Kim|first3=Nicholas|last4=Bodie|first4=Joshua A|last5=Pariser|first5=Joseph J|date=1 February 2020|title=Successful Ejaculatory Sperm Cryopreservation After Cessation of Long-term Estrogen Therapy in a Transgender Female|url=|journal=Urology|volume=136|pages=e48-e50|via=ClinicalKey}}</ref>, and can conceive a child through intercourse pre-vaginoplasty or through cryopreservation before or after a vaginoplasty<ref name=":2" />. <br />
<br />
== Conception, fertility ==<br />
<br />
=== Trans pregnancy ===<br />
Currently, many trans men and non-binary people with uteruses can and do get pregnant. There are many options for conceiving a child, including [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_insemination artificial insemination], conception through [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_intercourse intercourse], and [https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/in-vitro-fertilization/about/pac-20384716 in vitro fertilization] (IVF), each of which is possible when a trans person with a functioning uterus is to carry the child. The genetics of the child will be dependent upon the partner of the trans person: if the person carrying the child supplies the egg, their partner would need to supply sperm, or they would need to use a sperm donor to fertilize the egg and conceive. <br />
<br />
==== Interest in being a parent ====<br />
Many trans men report that their relationship to parenthood shifted during their gender transition<ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|last=Charter|first=Rosie|date=2018|title=The Transgender Parent: Experiences and Constructions of Pregnancy and Parenthood for Transgender Men in Australia|url=|journal=The International Journal of Transgenderism|volume=19|issue=1|pages=64-77|via=Taylor & Francis Online}}</ref>, with the desire to become a parent developing only after they had come out as transgender or had started transitioning. The shift of hypothetical parental identity from mother to father was a powerful experience for the trans men involved in a 2018 study, allowing them to imagine themselves as parents within the gendered parental role which aligned with their gender identity<ref name=":4" />. <br />
<br />
==== Fertility ====<br />
Fertility among trans people is largely dependent upon two factors: 1) use of hormone replacement therapy, and 2) surgical status of reproductive organs. While some of the long-term effects of hormone replacement therapy are unknown, there is a possibility of permanent sterility. However, for many trans men seeking to carry a child, they are able to conceive a child within 18 months of ceasing hormone replacement therapies<ref name=":0" />. <br />
<br />
In relation to some trans men's disinterest in becoming parents prior to transition, there is the chance that they may undergo gender-affirming surgeries which permanently render them incapable of pregnancy, such as [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hysterectomy hysterectomy], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oophorectomy oopherectomy], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metoidioplasty metoidioplasty], or [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phalloplasty phalloplasty]. In these cases, pregnancy is no longer an option for the transgender man, but there are other ways of conceiving a child, such as a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrogacy surrogate pregnancy], adoption, or a partner carrying a child. Among trans youth in a 2018 study, the vast majority had no hesitation regarding adoption as an alternative to raising biological children<ref name=":3" />. <br />
<br />
=== Trans childbirth ===<br />
Trans people can face difficulties accessing adequate reproductive healthcare<ref>Karaian, Lara. "Pregnant Men: Repronormativity, Critical Trans Theory and the Re(conceive)ing of Sex and Pregnancy in Law." ''Social & Legal Studies'', vol. 22, no. 2, June 2013, pp. 211-230, doi:10.1177/0964663912474862. ''Sage Journals.''</ref>, including obstetricians with existing knowledge of transgender people and trans pregnancy. <br />
<br />
=== Trans parents and adoption ===<br />
For many trans people, adoption is an attractive and viable option to start a family and raise a child. At this time, there are no legal barriers in the United States or Canada which could prevent a transgender individual or couple from adopting a child, although there are also very few legal protections for transgender applicants who wish to adopt a child. <br />
<br />
== Children of trans parents ==<br />
<br />
=== Role-relational ambiguity ===<br />
Children whose parents come out as transgender during their lifetime commonly experience role-relational ambiguity<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last=Tabor|first=Jaclyn|date=2019|title=Mom, Dad, or Somewhere in Between: Role-Relational Ambiguity and Children of Transgender Parents|url=|journal=Journal of Marriage and Family|volume=81|issue=2|pages=506-519|doi=10.1111/joml.12537|via=Proquest}}</ref>. Role-relational ambiguity refers to the uncertainty that may arise as a result of changes in the roles and relational status that may accompany another person's gender transition. In families with parents who transition after having a child, this means that the child experiences the transition of their mother into their father, or their father into their mother, the transition may confuse the child's relationship to the parent, and rifts in the relationship may occur. Some of the challenges related to a parent's transition include lack of clarity on how to address a trans parent, which pronouns to use, and how to view a parent who had fundamentally changed in the eyes of the child<ref name=":1" />. Despite some people's belief that [https://thefederalist.com/2016/10/11/transgender-mans-child-hurt-will-hurt-kids/ all people with transgender parents will suffer] as a result of their parent's transition, studies have shown that even in the face of challenging adjustments, children of trans parents often resolve the role-relational ambiguity over time and continue a relationship with the parent. The majority of people with trans parents involved in a recent study<ref name=":1" /> were actively engaged in attempts to radically restructure and redefine relationships with their parent despite the difficulties of role-relational ambiguity. <br />
<br />
=== Stages of life ===<br />
Evidence shows that there are different relationships between children and their trans parent(s) depending on the timelines of their trans identity and transition. Role-relational ambiguity most often impacts children whose parent came out as transgender and/or began transitioning during the child's lifetime. <br />
<br />
For children whose parents identified as transgender prior to the child's birth, such as children whose parents already identified as trans during the child's pregnancy or early infancy, the relationship is radically different. As Trystan Reese explains, parents can guide their children's ideas about gender and about families<ref>{{Cite web|last=Reese|first=Trystan|date=2 October 2019|title=Talking Trans With Your Kids|url=https://www.familyequality.org/2019/10/02/talking-trans-with-your-kids/|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=30 July 2020|website=Family Equality}}</ref>. This means that a child whose initial relationship to their transgender parent was ''as a transgender parent'', there would be no distress relating to role-relational ambiguity. It is not the transgender identity itself which creates role-relational ambiguity, but the changing aspect of a parent's transition and the changing roles and relationships related to such a transition. <br />
<br />
=== Development ===<br />
Children raised by a transgender parent or transgender parents have been demonstrated to develop and function on a level comparable to those from traditional cisgender and heterosexual families<ref name=":5">{{Cite journal|last=Webster|first=Cecil R|last2=Telingator|first2=Cynthia J|date=December 2016|title=Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Families|url=|journal=Pediatric Clinics of North America|volume=63|pages=1107-1119|via=}}</ref>, and additionally develop particular strengths linked to having LGBTQ+ parents<ref name=":5" />. <br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<references /></div>HoldenWallhttps://wiki.ubc.ca/index.php?title=GRSJ224/transparents&diff=610349GRSJ224/transparents2020-07-31T23:04:31Z<p>HoldenWall: </p>
<hr />
<div>== Transgender Parents ==<br />
In 2007, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Beatie Thomas Beatie] became known as the world's first pregnant man, and maternity pictures of his growing belly were shared across the globe. Beatie, a transgender man, chose to carry the child due to his wife's infertility, and the baby was conceived through artificial insemination<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://people.com/parents/the-pregnant-man-gives-birth/|title=The Pregnant Man Gives Birth|last=People|first=Staff|date=3 July 2008|work=People Magazine|access-date=30 July 2020}}</ref>. Since then, Beatie has given birth to a total of three children<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.12news.com/article/news/local/valley/what-is-life-like-now-for-the-pregnant-man/75-009524b5-abc2-42fc-8cd9-a36a79cc2aba|title=What is life like now for 'The Pregnant Man''?|last=Mai|first=Tram|date=6 February 2019|work=12News|access-date=30 July 2020}}</ref>, and pregnancy among transgender men is increasingly common, although the official numbers continue to be low because trans men are registered as female in records of hospital births<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/feature/nbc-out/trans-dads-tell-doctors-you-can-be-man-have-baby-n1006906|title=Trans dads tell doctors: "You can be a man and have a baby"|last=Compton|first=Julie|date=18 May 2019|work=NBC News|access-date=30 July 2020}}</ref>. Many transgender people are raising children, and the circumstances surrounding the prevalence of transgender parenthood are diverse. The complexity of gender identity, transition, and the potential fertility problems related to hormone therapies mean that trans parents and trans families come in all shapes and sizes. <br />
<br />
Transgender parents, the children of transgender parents, and the circumstances under which transgender people become transgender parents are extremely under-researched areas. However, some studies are bringing to light the power of a transgender person's choice to become a parent. <br />
<br />
==== Social Media ====<br />
Several trans men have documented their pregnancy journeys on social media. Thomas Beatie published a novel, ''Labor of Love: The Story of One Man's Extraordinary Pregnancy'', and he has appeared on several television shows and in news articles to share his story. Trystan Reese, a trans man who gave birth to a child who was conceived through intercourse with his husband, Biff, shares stories about his pregnancy on [https://www.instagram.com/biffandi/ Instagram] and [https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCaawoFwNpnD08Crc50EG3VA Youtube]. Another trans man, Jason Barker, recorded every step of his pregnancy journey and produced a film titled ''A Deal With The Universe'' (2018). Another film, ''A Womb of Their Own'' (2017) follows several trans men and nonbinary people who discuss their pregnancies and experiences breast-feeding.<br />
<br />
== Gender, transition, and reproduction ==<br />
<br />
=== Options for Trans People to Have a Biological Child ===<br />
There are a myriad of methods that transgender people can have a biological child, despite the commonly held belief that hormone replacement therapies cause sterilization. Each possible method depends on the physiology the person was born with, as well as their current physiology, taking into account possible gender-affirming surgeries that may have an impact on an individual's fertility. Gonadectomies (removal of tests or ovaries) have immediate impacts on fertility<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Amato|first=Paula|date=17 June 2016|title=Fertility Options for Transgender Persons|url=https://transcare.ucsf.edu/guidelines/fertility|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=30 July 2020|website=University of California, San Francisco: Transgender Care}}</ref>, and the effects of hormones on fertility may be long term or permanent<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal|last=Strang|first=John F|date=2018|title=Transgender Youth Fertility Attitudes Questionnaire: Measure Development in Nonautistic and Autisstic Transgender Youth and Their Parents|url=|journal=Journal of Adolescent Health|volume=62|issue=2|pages=128-135|doi=10.1016/j.jadohealth.2017.07.022|via=ClinicalKey}}</ref>. In order to allow transgender people to have full and informed consent prior to undergoing hormone replacement therapy or gender-affirming surgery, it has been recommended that [https://transcare.ucsf.edu/guidelines/fertility physicians must explain] to patients what the possible effects may be on their fertility. <br />
<br />
Fertility preservation options may include [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryopreservation cryopreservation] of sperm, oocyte, embryo, ovarian tissue or testicular tissue<ref name=":0" />, which means that reproductive cells are removed from the body while being preserved for future use. Cryopreservation is a way of allowing transgender patients to undergo gender-affirming treatments which may render them sterile while also having viable [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamete gametes] to have a biological child in the future. <br />
<br />
Despite the possibility of sterility related to hormone replacement therapy, many transgender people conceive children through [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_intercourse intercourse], without medical intervention or assistance. Transgender men who have a functioning womb are able to carry a child -- often after several months of ceasing their hormone treatments to allow their bodies to resume menstruation<ref name=":0" />. Transgender women, who are not born with a uterus, are currently medically unable to be pregnant, but the development of uterus transplants in humans by Dr Mats Brännström suggests that it may be possible in the future<ref>{{Cite web|last=Maron|first=Dina Fine|date=15 June 2016|title=How a Transgender Woman Could Get Pregnant|url=https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-a-transgender-woman-could-get-pregnant/|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=30 July 2020|website=Scientific American}}</ref>. Transgender women are able to conceive children biologically by providing their sperm, whether pre- or post-[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaginoplasty vaginoplasty], as long as their testes remain intact<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|last=Alford|first=Ashley V|last2=Theisen|first2=Katherine M|last3=Kim|first3=Nicholas|last4=Bodie|first4=Joshua A|last5=Pariser|first5=Joseph J|date=1 February 2020|title=Successful Ejaculatory Sperm Cryopreservation After Cessation of Long-term Estrogen Therapy in a Transgender Female|url=|journal=Urology|volume=136|pages=e48-e50|via=ClinicalKey}}</ref>, and can conceive a child through intercourse pre-vaginoplasty or through cryopreservation before or after a vaginoplasty<ref name=":2" />. <br />
<br />
== Conception, fertility ==<br />
<br />
=== Trans pregnancy ===<br />
Currently, many trans men and non-binary people with uteruses can and do get pregnant. There are many options for conceiving a child, including [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_insemination artificial insemination], conception through [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_intercourse intercourse], and [https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/in-vitro-fertilization/about/pac-20384716 in vitro fertilization] (IVF), each of which is possible when a trans person with a functioning uterus is to carry the child. The genetics of the child will be dependent upon the partner of the trans person: if the person carrying the child supplies the egg, their partner would need to supply sperm, or they would need to use a sperm donor to fertilize the egg and conceive. <br />
<br />
==== Interest in being a parent ====<br />
Many trans men report that their relationship to parenthood shifted during their gender transition<ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|last=Charter|first=Rosie|date=2018|title=The Transgender Parent: Experiences and Constructions of Pregnancy and Parenthood for Transgender Men in Australia|url=|journal=The International Journal of Transgenderism|volume=19|issue=1|pages=64-77|via=Taylor & Francis Online}}</ref>, with the desire to become a parent developing only after they had come out as transgender or had started transitioning. The shift of hypothetical parental identity from mother to father was a powerful experience for the trans men involved in a 2018 study, allowing them to imagine themselves as parents within the gendered parental role which aligned with their gender identity<ref name=":4" />. <br />
<br />
==== Fertility ====<br />
Fertility among trans people is largely dependent upon two factors: 1) use of hormone replacement therapy, and 2) surgical status of reproductive organs. While some of the long-term effects of hormone replacement therapy are unknown, there is a possibility of permanent sterility. However, for many trans men seeking to carry a child, they are able to conceive a child within 18 months of ceasing hormone replacement therapies<ref name=":0" />. <br />
<br />
In relation to some trans men's disinterest in becoming parents prior to transition, there is the chance that they may undergo gender-affirming surgeries which permanently render them incapable of pregnancy, such as [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hysterectomy hysterectomy], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oophorectomy oopherectomy], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metoidioplasty metoidioplasty], or [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phalloplasty phalloplasty]. In these cases, pregnancy is no longer an option for the transgender man, but there are other ways of conceiving a child, such as a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrogacy surrogate pregnancy], adoption, or a partner carrying a child. Among trans youth in a 2018 study, the vast majority had no hesitation regarding adoption as an alternative to raising biological children<ref name=":3" />. <br />
<br />
=== Trans childbirth ===<br />
Trans people can face difficulties accessing adequate reproductive healthcare<ref>Karaian, Lara. "Pregnant Men: Repronormativity, Critical Trans Theory and the Re(conceive)ing of Sex and Pregnancy in Law." ''Social & Legal Studies'', vol. 22, no. 2, June 2013, pp. 211-230, doi:10.1177/0964663912474862. ''Sage Journals.''</ref>, including obstetricians with existing knowledge of transgender people and trans pregnancy. <br />
<br />
=== Trans parents and adoption ===<br />
For many trans people, adoption is an attractive and viable option to start a family and raise a child. <br />
<br />
== Children of trans parents ==<br />
<br />
=== Role-relational ambiguity ===<br />
Children whose parents come out as transgender during their lifetime commonly experience role-relational ambiguity<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last=Tabor|first=Jaclyn|date=2019|title=Mom, Dad, or Somewhere in Between: Role-Relational Ambiguity and Children of Transgender Parents|url=|journal=Journal of Marriage and Family|volume=81|issue=2|pages=506-519|doi=10.1111/joml.12537|via=Proquest}}</ref>. Role-relational ambiguity refers to the uncertainty that may arise as a result of changes in the roles and relational status that may accompany another person's gender transition. In families with parents who transition after having a child, this means that the child experiences the transition of their mother into their father, or their father into their mother, the transition may confuse the child's relationship to the parent, and rifts in the relationship may occur. Some of the challenges related to a parent's transition include lack of clarity on how to address a trans parent, which pronouns to use, and how to view a parent who had fundamentally changed in the eyes of the child<ref name=":1" />. Despite some people's belief that [https://thefederalist.com/2016/10/11/transgender-mans-child-hurt-will-hurt-kids/ all people with transgender parents will suffer] as a result of their parent's transition, studies have shown that even in the face of challenging adjustments, children of trans parents often resolve the role-relational ambiguity over time and continue a relationship with the parent. The majority of people with trans parents involved in a recent study<ref name=":1" /> were actively engaged in attempts to radically restructure and redefine relationships with their parent despite the difficulties of role-relational ambiguity. <br />
<br />
=== Stages of life ===<br />
Evidence shows that there are different relationships between children and their trans parent(s) depending on the timelines of their trans identity and transition. Role-relational ambiguity most often impacts children whose parent came out as transgender and/or began transitioning during the child's lifetime. <br />
<br />
For children whose parents identified as transgender prior to the child's birth, such as children whose parents already identified as trans during the child's pregnancy or early infancy, the relationship is radically different. As Trystan Reese explains, parents can guide their children's ideas about gender and about families<ref>{{Cite web|last=Reese|first=Trystan|date=2 October 2019|title=Talking Trans With Your Kids|url=https://www.familyequality.org/2019/10/02/talking-trans-with-your-kids/|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=30 July 2020|website=Family Equality}}</ref>. This means that a child whose initial relationship to their transgender parent was ''as a transgender parent'', there would be no distress relating to role-relational ambiguity. It is not the transgender identity itself which creates role-relational ambiguity, but the changing aspect of a parent's transition and the changing roles and relationships related to such a transition. <br />
<br />
=== Development ===<br />
Children raised by a transgender parent or transgender parents have been demonstrated to develop and function on a level comparable to those from traditional cisheterosexual families<ref name=":5">{{Cite journal|last=Webster|first=Cecil R|last2=Telingator|first2=Cynthia J|date=December 2016|title=Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Families|url=|journal=Pediatric Clinics of North America|volume=63|pages=1107-1119|via=}}</ref>, and additionally develop particular strengths linked to having LGBTQ+ parents<ref name=":5" />. <br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<references /></div>HoldenWallhttps://wiki.ubc.ca/index.php?title=GRSJ224/transparents&diff=610341GRSJ224/transparents2020-07-31T22:26:24Z<p>HoldenWall: </p>
<hr />
<div>== Transgender Parents ==<br />
In 2007, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Beatie Thomas Beatie] became known as the world's first pregnant man, and maternity pictures of his growing belly were shared across the globe. Beatie, a transgender man, chose to carry the child due to his wife's infertility, and the baby was conceived through artificial insemination<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://people.com/parents/the-pregnant-man-gives-birth/|title=The Pregnant Man Gives Birth|last=People|first=Staff|date=3 July 2008|work=People Magazine|access-date=30 July 2020}}</ref>. Since then, Beatie has given birth to a total of three children<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.12news.com/article/news/local/valley/what-is-life-like-now-for-the-pregnant-man/75-009524b5-abc2-42fc-8cd9-a36a79cc2aba|title=What is life like now for 'The Pregnant Man''?|last=Mai|first=Tram|date=6 February 2019|work=12News|access-date=30 July 2020}}</ref>, and pregnancy among transgender men is increasingly common, although the official numbers continue to be low because trans men are registered as female in records of hospital births<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/feature/nbc-out/trans-dads-tell-doctors-you-can-be-man-have-baby-n1006906|title=Trans dads tell doctors: "You can be a man and have a baby"|last=Compton|first=Julie|date=18 May 2019|work=NBC News|access-date=30 July 2020}}</ref>. Many transgender people are raising children, and the circumstances surrounding the prevalence of transgender parenthood are diverse. The complexity of gender identity, transition, and the potential fertility problems related to hormone therapies mean that trans parents and trans families come in all shapes and sizes. <br />
<br />
Transgender parents, the children of transgender parents, and the circumstances under which transgender people become transgender parents are extremely under-researched areas. However, some studies are bringing to light the power of a transgender person's choice to become a parent. <br />
<br />
==== Social Media ====<br />
Several trans men have documented their pregnancy journeys on social media. Thomas Beatie published a novel, ''Labor of Love: The Story of One Man's Extraordinary Pregnancy'', and he has appeared on several television shows and in news articles to share his story. Trystan Reese, a trans man who gave birth to a child who was conceived through intercourse with his husband, Biff, shares stories about his pregnancy on [https://www.instagram.com/biffandi/ Instagram] and [https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCaawoFwNpnD08Crc50EG3VA Youtube]. Another trans man, Jason Barker, recorded every step of his pregnancy journey and produced a film titled ''A Deal With The Universe'' (2018). Another film, ''A Womb of Their Own'' (2017) follows several trans men and nonbinary people who discuss their pregnancies and experiences breast-feeding.<br />
<br />
== Gender, transition, and reproduction ==<br />
<br />
=== Options for Trans People to Have a Biological Child ===<br />
There are a myriad of methods that transgender people can have a biological child, despite the commonly held belief that hormone replacement therapies cause sterilization. Each possible method depends on the physiology the person was born with, as well as their current physiology, taking into account possible gender-affirming surgeries that may have an impact on an individual's fertility. Gonadectomies (removal of tests or ovaries) have immediate impacts on fertility<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Amato|first=Paula|date=17 June 2016|title=Fertility Options for Transgender Persons|url=https://transcare.ucsf.edu/guidelines/fertility|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=30 July 2020|website=University of California, San Francisco: Transgender Care}}</ref>, and the effects of hormones on fertility may be long term or permanent<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal|last=Strang|first=John F|date=2018|title=Transgender Youth Fertility Attitudes Questionnaire: Measure Development in Nonautistic and Autisstic Transgender Youth and Their Parents|url=|journal=Journal of Adolescent Health|volume=62|issue=2|pages=128-135|doi=10.1016/j.jadohealth.2017.07.022|via=ClinicalKey}}</ref>. In order to allow transgender people to have full and informed consent prior to undergoing hormone replacement therapy or gender-affirming surgery, it has been recommended that [https://transcare.ucsf.edu/guidelines/fertility physicians must explain] to patients what the possible effects may be on their fertility. <br />
<br />
Fertility preservation options may include [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryopreservation cryopreservation] of sperm, oocyte, embryo, ovarian tissue or testicular tissue<ref name=":0" />, which means that reproductive cells are removed from the body while being preserved for future use. Cryopreservation is a way of allowing transgender patients to undergo gender-affirming treatments which may render them sterile while also having viable [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamete gametes] to have a biological child in the future. <br />
<br />
Despite the possibility of sterility related to hormone replacement therapy, many transgender people conceive children through [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_intercourse intercourse], without medical intervention or assistance. Transgender men who have a functioning womb are able to carry a child -- often after several months of ceasing their hormone treatments to allow their bodies to resume menstruation<ref name=":0" />. Transgender women, who are not born with a uterus, are currently medically unable to be pregnant, but the development of uterus transplants in humans by Dr Mats Brännström suggests that it may be possible in the future<ref>{{Cite web|last=Maron|first=Dina Fine|date=15 June 2016|title=How a Transgender Woman Could Get Pregnant|url=https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-a-transgender-woman-could-get-pregnant/|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=30 July 2020|website=Scientific American}}</ref>. Transgender women are able to conceive children biologically by providing their sperm, whether pre- or post-[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaginoplasty vaginoplasty], as long as their testes remain intact<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|last=Alford|first=Ashley V|last2=Theisen|first2=Katherine M|last3=Kim|first3=Nicholas|last4=Bodie|first4=Joshua A|last5=Pariser|first5=Joseph J|date=1 February 2020|title=Successful Ejaculatory Sperm Cryopreservation After Cessation of Long-term Estrogen Therapy in a Transgender Female|url=|journal=Urology|volume=136|pages=e48-e50|via=ClinicalKey}}</ref>, and can conceive a child through intercourse pre-vaginoplasty or through cryopreservation before or after a vaginoplasty<ref name=":2" />. <br />
<br />
== Conception, fertility ==<br />
<br />
=== Trans pregnancy ===<br />
Currently, many trans men and non-binary people with uteruses can and do get pregnant. There are many options for conceiving a child, including [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_insemination artificial insemination], conception through [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_intercourse intercourse], and [https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/in-vitro-fertilization/about/pac-20384716 in vitro fertilization] (IVF), each of which is possible when a trans person with a functioning uterus is to carry the child. The genetics of the child will be dependent upon the partner of the trans person: if the person carrying the child supplies the egg, their partner would need to supply sperm, or they would need to use a sperm donor to fertilize the egg and conceive. <br />
<br />
==== Interest in being a parent ====<br />
Many trans men report that their relationship to parenthood shifted during their gender transition<ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|last=Charter|first=Rosie|date=2018|title=The Transgender Parent: Experiences and Constructions of Pregnancy and Parenthood for Transgender Men in Australia|url=|journal=The International Journal of Transgenderism|volume=19|issue=1|pages=64-77|via=Taylor & Francis Online}}</ref>, with the desire to become a parent developing only after they had come out as transgender or had started transitioning. The shift of hypothetical parental identity from mother to father was a powerful experience for the trans men involved in a 2018 study, allowing them to imagine themselves as parents within the gendered parental role which aligned with their gender identity<ref name=":4" />. <br />
<br />
==== Fertility ====<br />
Fertility among trans people is largely dependent upon two factors: 1) use of hormone replacement therapy, and 2) surgical status of reproductive organs. While some of the long-term effects of hormone replacement therapy are unknown, there is a possibility of permanent sterility. However, for many trans men seeking to carry a child, they are able to conceive a child within 18 months of ceasing hormone replacement therapies<ref name=":0" />. <br />
<br />
In relation to some trans men's disinterest in becoming parents prior to transition, there is the chance that they may undergo gender-affirming surgeries which permanently render them incapable of pregnancy, such as [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hysterectomy hysterectomy], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oophorectomy oopherectomy], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metoidioplasty metoidioplasty], or [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phalloplasty phalloplasty]. In these cases, pregnancy is no longer an option for the transgender man, but there are other ways of conceiving a child, such as a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrogacy surrogate pregnancy], adoption, or a partner carrying a child. Among trans youth in a 2018 study, the vast majority had no hesitation regarding adoption as an alternative to raising biological children<ref name=":3" />. <br />
<br />
=== Trans childbirth ===<br />
<br />
== Trans parents and adoption ==<br />
<br />
=== Laws and policies ===<br />
<br />
=== Anti-trans lobbyists ===<br />
<br />
== Children of trans parents ==<br />
<br />
=== Role-relational ambiguity ===<br />
Children whose parents come out as transgender during their lifetime commonly experience role-relational ambiguity<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last=Tabor|first=Jaclyn|date=2019|title=Mom, Dad, or Somewhere in Between: Role-Relational Ambiguity and Children of Transgender Parents|url=|journal=Journal of Marriage and Family|volume=81|issue=2|pages=506-519|doi=10.1111/joml.12537|via=Proquest}}</ref>. Role-relational ambiguity refers to the uncertainty that may arise as a result of changes in the roles and relational status that may accompany another person's gender transition. In families with parents who transition after having a child, this means that the child experiences the transition of their mother into their father, or their father into their mother, the transition may confuse the child's relationship to the parent, and rifts in the relationship may occur. Some of the challenges related to a parent's transition include lack of clarity on how to address a trans parent, which pronouns to use, and how to view a parent who had fundamentally changed in the eyes of the child<ref name=":1" />. Despite some people's belief that [https://thefederalist.com/2016/10/11/transgender-mans-child-hurt-will-hurt-kids/ all people with transgender parents will suffer] as a result of their parent's transition, studies have shown that even in the face of challenging adjustments, children of trans parents often resolve the role-relational ambiguity over time and continue a relationship with the parent. The majority of people with trans parents involved in a recent study<ref name=":1" /> were actively engaged in attempts to radically restructure and redefine relationships with their parent despite the difficulties of role-relational ambiguity. <br />
<br />
=== Stages of life ===<br />
Evidence shows that there are different relationships between children and their trans parent(s) depending on the timelines of their trans identity and transition. Role-relational ambiguity most often impacts children whose parent came out as transgender and/or began transitioning during the child's lifetime. For children whose parents identified as transgender prior to the child's birth, such as children whose parents already identified as trans during the child's pregnancy or early infancy, the relationship is radically different. <br />
<br />
== Online support groups ==<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<references /></div>HoldenWallhttps://wiki.ubc.ca/index.php?title=GRSJ224/transparents&diff=610321GRSJ224/transparents2020-07-31T22:00:22Z<p>HoldenWall: </p>
<hr />
<div>== Transgender Parents ==<br />
In 2007, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Beatie Thomas Beatie] became known as the world's first pregnant man, and maternity pictures of his growing belly were shared across the globe. Beatie, a transgender man, chose to carry the child due to his wife's infertility, and the baby was conceived through artificial insemination<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://people.com/parents/the-pregnant-man-gives-birth/|title=The Pregnant Man Gives Birth|last=People|first=Staff|date=3 July 2008|work=People Magazine|access-date=30 July 2020}}</ref>. Since then, Beatie has given birth to a total of three children<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.12news.com/article/news/local/valley/what-is-life-like-now-for-the-pregnant-man/75-009524b5-abc2-42fc-8cd9-a36a79cc2aba|title=What is life like now for 'The Pregnant Man''?|last=Mai|first=Tram|date=6 February 2019|work=12News|access-date=30 July 2020}}</ref>, and pregnancy among transgender men is increasingly common, although the official numbers continue to be low because trans men are registered as female in records of hospital births<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/feature/nbc-out/trans-dads-tell-doctors-you-can-be-man-have-baby-n1006906|title=Trans dads tell doctors: "You can be a man and have a baby"|last=Compton|first=Julie|date=18 May 2019|work=NBC News|access-date=30 July 2020}}</ref>. Many transgender people are raising children, and the circumstances surrounding the prevalence of transgender parenthood are diverse. The complexity of gender identity, transition, and the potential fertility problems related to hormone therapies mean that trans parents and trans families come in all shapes and sizes. <br />
<br />
Transgender parents, the children of transgender parents, and the circumstances under which transgender people become transgender parents are extremely under-researched areas. However, some studies are bringing to light the power of a transgender person's choice to become a parent. <br />
<br />
==== Social Media ====<br />
Several trans men have documented their pregnancy journeys on social media. Thomas Beatie published a novel, ''Labor of Love: The Story of One Man's Extraordinary Pregnancy'', and he has appeared on several television shows and in news articles to share his story. Trystan Reese, a trans man who gave birth to a child who was conceived through intercourse with his husband, Biff, shares stories about his pregnancy on [https://www.instagram.com/biffandi/ Instagram] and [https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCaawoFwNpnD08Crc50EG3VA Youtube]. Another trans man, Jason Barker, recorded every step of his pregnancy journey and produced a film titled ''A Deal With The Universe'' (2018). Another film, ''A Womb of Their Own'' (2017) follows several trans men and nonbinary people who discuss their pregnancies and experiences breast-feeding.<br />
<br />
== Gender, transition, and reproduction ==<br />
<br />
=== Options for Trans People to Have a Biological Child ===<br />
There are a myriad of methods that transgender people can have a biological child, despite the commonly held belief that hormone replacement therapies cause sterilization. Each possible method depends on the physiology the person was born with, as well as their current physiology, taking into account possible gender-affirming surgeries that may have an impact on an individual's fertility. Gonadectomies (removal of tests or ovaries) have immediate impacts on fertility<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Amato|first=Paula|date=17 June 2016|title=Fertility Options for Transgender Persons|url=https://transcare.ucsf.edu/guidelines/fertility|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=30 July 2020|website=University of California, San Francisco: Transgender Care}}</ref>, and the effects of hormones on fertility may be long term or permanent<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal|last=Strang|first=John F|date=2018|title=Transgender Youth Fertility Attitudes Questionnaire: Measure Development in Nonautistic and Autisstic Transgender Youth and Their Parents|url=|journal=Journal of Adolescent Health|volume=62|issue=2|pages=128-135|doi=10.1016/j.jadohealth.2017.07.022|via=ClinicalKey}}</ref>. In order to allow transgender people to have full and informed consent prior to undergoing hormone replacement therapy or gender-affirming surgery, it has been recommended that [https://transcare.ucsf.edu/guidelines/fertility physicians must explain] to patients what the possible effects may be on their fertility. <br />
<br />
Fertility preservation options may include [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryopreservation cryopreservation] of sperm, oocyte, embryo, ovarian tissue or testicular tissue<ref name=":0" />, which means that reproductive cells are removed from the body while being preserved for future use. Cryopreservation is a way of allowing transgender patients to undergo gender-affirming treatments which may render them sterile while also having viable [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamete gametes] to have a biological child in the future. <br />
<br />
Despite the possibility of sterility related to hormone replacement therapy, many transgender people conceive children through [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_intercourse intercourse], without medical intervention or assistance. Transgender men who have a functioning womb are able to carry a child -- often after several months of ceasing their hormone treatments to allow their bodies to resume menstruation<ref name=":0" />. Transgender women, who are not born with a uterus, are currently medically unable to be pregnant, but the development of uterus transplants in humans by Dr Mats Brännström suggests that it may be possible in the future<ref>{{Cite web|last=Maron|first=Dina Fine|date=15 June 2016|title=How a Transgender Woman Could Get Pregnant|url=https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-a-transgender-woman-could-get-pregnant/|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=30 July 2020|website=Scientific American}}</ref>. Transgender women are able to conceive children biologically by providing their sperm, whether pre- or post-[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaginoplasty vaginoplasty], as long as their testes remain intact<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|last=Alford|first=Ashley V|last2=Theisen|first2=Katherine M|last3=Kim|first3=Nicholas|last4=Bodie|first4=Joshua A|last5=Pariser|first5=Joseph J|date=1 February 2020|title=Successful Ejaculatory Sperm Cryopreservation After Cessation of Long-term Estrogen Therapy in a Transgender Female|url=|journal=Urology|volume=136|pages=e48-e50|via=ClinicalKey}}</ref>, and can conceive a child through intercourse pre-vaginoplasty or through cryopreservation before or after a vaginoplasty<ref name=":2" />. <br />
<br />
== Conception, fertility ==<br />
<br />
=== Trans pregnancy ===<br />
Currently, many trans men and non-binary people with uteruses can and do get pregnant. There are many options for conceiving a child, including [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_insemination artificial insemination], conception through [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_intercourse intercourse], and [https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/in-vitro-fertilization/about/pac-20384716 in vitro fertilization] (IVF), each of which is possible when a trans person with a functioning uterus is to carry the child. The genetics of the child will be dependent upon the partner of the trans person: if the person carrying the child supplies the egg, their partner would need to supply sperm, or they would need to use a sperm donor to fertilize the egg and conceive. <br />
<br />
==== Interest in being a parent ====<br />
Many trans men report that their relationship to parenthood shifted during their gender transition<ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|last=Charter|first=Rosie|date=2018|title=The Transgender Parent: Experiences and Constructions of Pregnancy and Parenthood for Transgender Men in Australia|url=|journal=The International Journal of Transgenderism|volume=19|issue=1|pages=64-77|via=Taylor & Francis Online}}</ref>, with the desire to become a parent developing only after they had come out as transgender or had started transitioning. The shift of hypothetical parental identity from mother to father was a powerful experience for the trans men involved in a 2018 study, allowing them to imagine themselves as parents within the gendered parental role which aligned with their gender identity<ref name=":4" />. <br />
<br />
==== Fertility ====<br />
Fertility among trans people is largely dependent upon two factors: 1) use of hormone replacement therapy, and 2) surgical status of reproductive organs. While some of the long-term effects of hormone replacement therapy are unknown, there is a possibility of permanent sterility. However, for many trans men seeking to carry a child, they are able to conceive a child within 18 months of ceasing hormone replacement therapies<ref name=":0" />. <br />
<br />
In relation to some trans men's disinterest in becoming parents prior to transition, there is the chance that they may undergo gender-affirming surgeries which permanently render them incapable of pregnancy, such as [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hysterectomy hysterectomy], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oophorectomy oopherectomy], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metoidioplasty metoidioplasty], or [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phalloplasty phalloplasty]. In these cases, pregnancy is no longer an option for the transgender man, but there are other ways of conceiving a child, such as a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrogacy surrogate pregnancy], adoption, or a partner carrying a child. Among trans youth in a 2018 study, the vast majority had no hesitation regarding adoption as an alternative to raising biological children<ref name=":3" />. <br />
<br />
=== Trans childbirth ===<br />
<br />
== Trans parents and adoption ==<br />
<br />
=== Laws and policies ===<br />
<br />
=== Anti-trans lobbyists ===<br />
<br />
== Children of trans parents ==<br />
<br />
=== Role-relational ambiguity ===<br />
Children whose parents come out as transgender during their lifetime commonly experience role-relational ambiguity<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last=Tabor|first=Jaclyn|date=2019|title=Mom, Dad, or Somewhere in Between: Role-Relational Ambiguity and Children of Transgender Parents|url=|journal=Journal of Marriage and Family|volume=81|issue=2|pages=506-519|doi=10.1111/joml.12537|via=Proquest}}</ref>. Role-relational ambiguity refers to the uncertainty that may arise as a result of changes in the roles and relational status that may accompany another person's gender transition. In families with parents who transition after having a child, this means that the child experiences the transition of their mother into their father, or their father into their mother, the transition may confuse the child's relationship to the parent, and rifts in the relationship may occur. Some of the challenges related to a parent's transition include lack of clarity on how to address a trans parent, which pronouns to use, and how to view a parent who had fundamentally changed in the eyes of the child<ref name=":1" />. Despite some people's belief that [https://thefederalist.com/2016/10/11/transgender-mans-child-hurt-will-hurt-kids/ all people with transgender parents will suffer] as a result of their parent's transition, studies have shown that even in the face of challenging adjustments, children of trans parents often resolve the role-relational ambiguity over time and continue a relationship with the parent. The majority of people with trans parents involved in a recent study<ref name=":1" /> were actively engaged in attempts to radically restructure and redefine relationships with their parent despite the difficulties of role-relational ambiguity. <br />
<br />
== Online support groups ==<br />
<references /></div>HoldenWallhttps://wiki.ubc.ca/index.php?title=GRSJ224/transparents&diff=610259GRSJ224/transparents2020-07-31T20:55:12Z<p>HoldenWall: </p>
<hr />
<div>== Transgender Parents ==<br />
In 2007, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Beatie Thomas Beatie] became known as the world's first pregnant man, and maternity pictures of his growing belly were shared across the globe. Beatie, a transgender man, chose to carry the child due to his wife's infertility, and the baby was conceived through artificial insemination<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://people.com/parents/the-pregnant-man-gives-birth/|title=The Pregnant Man Gives Birth|last=People|first=Staff|date=3 July 2008|work=People Magazine|access-date=30 July 2020}}</ref>. Since then, Beatie has given birth to a total of three children<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.12news.com/article/news/local/valley/what-is-life-like-now-for-the-pregnant-man/75-009524b5-abc2-42fc-8cd9-a36a79cc2aba|title=What is life like now for 'The Pregnant Man''?|last=Mai|first=Tram|date=6 February 2019|work=12News|access-date=30 July 2020}}</ref>, and pregnancy among transgender men is increasingly common, although the official numbers continue to be low because trans men are registered as female in records of hospital births<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/feature/nbc-out/trans-dads-tell-doctors-you-can-be-man-have-baby-n1006906|title=Trans dads tell doctors: "You can be a man and have a baby"|last=Compton|first=Julie|date=18 May 2019|work=NBC News|access-date=30 July 2020}}</ref>. Many transgender people are raising children, and the circumstances surrounding the prevalence of transgender parenthood are diverse. The complexity of gender identity, transition, and the potential fertility problems related to hormone therapies mean that trans parents and trans families come in all shapes and sizes. <br />
<br />
Transgender parents, the children of transgender parents, and the circumstances under which transgender people become transgender parents are extremely under-researched areas. However, some studies are bringing to light the power of a transgender person's choice to become a parent. <br />
<br />
==== Social Media ====<br />
Several trans men have documented their pregnancy journeys on social media. Thomas Beatie published a novel, ''Labor of Love: The Story of One Man's Extraordinary Pregnancy'', and he has appeared on several television shows and in news articles to share his story. Trystan Reese, a trans man who gave birth to a child who was conceived through intercourse with his husband, Biff, shares stories about his pregnancy on [https://www.instagram.com/biffandi/ Instagram] and [https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCaawoFwNpnD08Crc50EG3VA Youtube]. Another trans man, Jason Barker, recorded every step of his pregnancy journey and produced a film titled ''A Deal With The Universe'' (2018). Another film, ''A Womb of Their Own'' (2017) follows several trans men and nonbinary people who discuss their pregnancies and experiences breast-feeding.<br />
<br />
== Gender, transition, and reproduction ==<br />
<br />
=== Options for Trans People to Have a Biological Child ===<br />
There are a myriad of methods that transgender people can have a biological child, despite the commonly held belief that hormone replacement therapies cause sterilization. Each possible method depends on the physiology the person was born with, as well as their current physiology, taking into account possible gender-affirming surgeries that may have an impact on an individual's fertility. Gonadectomies (removal of tests or ovaries) have immediate impacts on fertility<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Amato|first=Paula|date=17 June 2016|title=Fertility Options for Transgender Persons|url=https://transcare.ucsf.edu/guidelines/fertility|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=30 July 2020|website=University of California, San Francisco: Transgender Care}}</ref>, and the effects of hormones on fertility may be long term or permanent<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Strang|first=John F|date=2018|title=Transgender Youth Fertility Attitudes Questionnaire: Measure Development in Nonautistic and Autisstic Transgender Youth and Their Parents|url=|journal=Journal of Adolescent Health|volume=62|issue=2|pages=128-135|doi=10.1016/j.jadohealth.2017.07.022|via=ClinicalKey}}</ref>. In order to allow transgender people to have full and informed consent prior to undergoing hormone replacement therapy or gender-affirming surgery, it has been recommended that [https://transcare.ucsf.edu/guidelines/fertility physicians must explain] to patients what the possible effects may be on their fertility. <br />
<br />
Fertility preservation options may include [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryopreservation cryopreservation] of sperm, oocyte, embryo, ovarian tissue or testicular tissue<ref name=":0" />, which means that reproductive cells are removed from the body while being preserved for future use. Cryopreservation is a way of allowing transgender patients to undergo gender-affirming treatments which may render them sterile while also having viable [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamete gametes] to have a biological child in the future. <br />
<br />
Despite the possibility of sterility related to hormone replacement therapy, many transgender people conceive children through [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_intercourse intercourse], without medical intervention or assistance. Transgender men who have a functioning womb are able to carry a child -- often after several months of ceasing their hormone treatments to allow their bodies to resume menstruation<ref name=":0" />. Transgender women, who are not born with a uterus, are currently medically unable to be pregnant, but the development of uterus transplants in humans by Dr Mats Brännström suggests that it may be possible in the future<ref>{{Cite web|last=Maron|first=Dina Fine|date=15 June 2016|title=How a Transgender Woman Could Get Pregnant|url=https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-a-transgender-woman-could-get-pregnant/|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=30 July 2020|website=Scientific American}}</ref>. Transgender women are able to conceive children biologically by providing their sperm, whether pre- or post-[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaginoplasty vaginoplasty], as long as their testes remain intact<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|last=Alford|first=Ashley V|last2=Theisen|first2=Katherine M|last3=Kim|first3=Nicholas|last4=Bodie|first4=Joshua A|last5=Pariser|first5=Joseph J|date=1 February 2020|title=Successful Ejaculatory Sperm Cryopreservation After Cessation of Long-term Estrogen Therapy in a Transgender Female|url=|journal=Urology|volume=136|pages=e48-e50|via=ClinicalKey}}</ref>, and can conceive a child through intercourse pre-vaginoplasty or through cryopreservation before or after a vaginoplasty<ref name=":2" />. <br />
<br />
== Conception, fertility ==<br />
<br />
=== Trans pregnancy ===<br />
Currently, many trans men and non-binary people with uteruses can and do get pregnant. There are many options for conceiving a child, including [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_insemination artificial insemination], conception through [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_intercourse intercourse], and [https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/in-vitro-fertilization/about/pac-20384716 in vitro fertilization] (IVF), each of which is possible when a trans person with a functioning uterus is to carry the child. The genetics of the child will be dependent upon the partner of the trans person: if the person carrying the child supplies the egg, their partner would need to supply sperm, or they would need to use a sperm donor to fertilize the egg and conceive. <br />
<br />
=== Trans childbirth ===<br />
<br />
== Trans parents and adoption ==<br />
<br />
=== Laws and policies ===<br />
<br />
=== Anti-trans lobbyists ===<br />
<br />
== Children of trans parents ==<br />
<br />
=== Role-relational ambiguity ===<br />
Children whose parents come out as transgender during their lifetime commonly experience role-relational ambiguity<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last=Tabor|first=Jaclyn|date=2019|title=Mom, Dad, or Somewhere in Between: Role-Relational Ambiguity and Children of Transgender Parents|url=|journal=Journal of Marriage and Family|volume=81|issue=2|pages=506-519|doi=10.1111/joml.12537|via=Proquest}}</ref>. Role-relational ambiguity refers to the uncertainty that may arise as a result of changes in the roles and relational status that may accompany another person's gender transition. In families with parents who transition after having a child, this means that the child experiences the transition of their mother into their father, or their father into their mother, the transition may confuse the child's relationship to the parent, and rifts in the relationship may occur. Some of the challenges related to a parent's transition include lack of clarity on how to address a trans parent, which pronouns to use, and how to view a parent who had fundamentally changed in the eyes of the child<ref name=":1" />. Despite some people's belief that [https://thefederalist.com/2016/10/11/transgender-mans-child-hurt-will-hurt-kids/ all people with transgender parents will suffer] as a result of their parent's transition, studies have shown that even in the face of challenging adjustments, children of trans parents often resolve the role-relational ambiguity over time and continue a relationship with the parent. The majority of people with trans parents involved in a recent study<ref name=":1" /> were actively engaged in attempts to radically restructure and redefine relationships with their parent despite the difficulties of role-relational ambiguity. <br />
<br />
== Online support groups ==<br />
<br />
== Trans parents teaching gender to children ==<br />
<references /></div>HoldenWallhttps://wiki.ubc.ca/index.php?title=GRSJ224/transparents&diff=610238GRSJ224/transparents2020-07-31T19:50:21Z<p>HoldenWall: </p>
<hr />
<div>== Transgender Parents ==<br />
In 2007, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Beatie Thomas Beatie] became known as the world's first pregnant man, and maternity pictures of his growing belly were shared across the globe. Beatie, a transgender man, chose to carry the child due to his wife's infertility, and the baby was conceived through artificial insemination<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://people.com/parents/the-pregnant-man-gives-birth/|title=The Pregnant Man Gives Birth|last=People|first=Staff|date=3 July 2008|work=People Magazine|access-date=30 July 2020}}</ref>. Since then, Beatie has given birth to a total of three children<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.12news.com/article/news/local/valley/what-is-life-like-now-for-the-pregnant-man/75-009524b5-abc2-42fc-8cd9-a36a79cc2aba|title=What is life like now for 'The Pregnant Man''?|last=Mai|first=Tram|date=6 February 2019|work=12News|access-date=30 July 2020}}</ref>, and pregnancy among transgender men is increasingly common, although the official numbers continue to be low because trans men are registered as female in . Many transgender people are raising children, and the circumstances surrounding the prevalence of transgender parenthood are diverse. The complexity of gender identity, transition, and the potential fertility problems related to hormone therapies mean that trans parents and trans families come in all shapes and sizes. <br />
<br />
Transgender parents, the children of transgender parents, and the circumstances under which transgender people become transgender parents are extremely under-researched areas. However, some studies are bringing to light the power of a transgender person's choice to become a parent. <br />
<br />
== History of trans parenting ==<br />
<br />
== Gender, transition, and reproduction ==<br />
<br />
=== Options for Trans People to Have a Biological Child ===<br />
There are a myriad of methods that transgender people can have a biological child, despite the commonly held belief that hormone replacement therapies cause sterilization. Each possible method depends on the physiology the person was born with, as well as their current physiology, taking into account possible gender-affirming surgeries that may have an impact on an individual's fertility. Gonadectomies (removal of tests or ovaries) have immediate impacts on fertility<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Amato|first=Paula|date=17 June 2016|title=Fertility Options for Transgender Persons|url=https://transcare.ucsf.edu/guidelines/fertility|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=30 July 2020|website=University of California, San Francisco: Transgender Care}}</ref>, and the effects of hormones on fertility may be long term or permanent<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Strang|first=John F|date=2018|title=Transgender Youth Fertility Attitudes Questionnaire: Measure Development in Nonautistic and Autisstic Transgender Youth and Their Parents|url=|journal=Journal of Adolescent Health|volume=62|issue=2|pages=128-135|doi=10.1016/j.jadohealth.2017.07.022|via=ClinicalKey}}</ref>. In order to allow transgender people to have full and informed consent prior to undergoing hormone replacement therapy or gender-affirming surgery, it has been recommended that [https://transcare.ucsf.edu/guidelines/fertility physicians must explain] to patients what the possible effects may be on their fertility. <br />
<br />
Fertility preservation options may include [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryopreservation cryopreservation] of sperm, oocyte, embryo, ovarian tissue or testicular tissue<ref name=":0" />, which means that reproductive cells are removed from the body while being preserved for future use. Cryopreservation is a way of allowing transgender patients to undergo gender-affirming treatments which may render them sterile while also having viable [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamete gametes] to have a biological child in the future. <br />
<br />
Despite the possibility of sterility related to hormone replacement therapy, many transgender people conceive children through [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_intercourse intercourse], without medical intervention or assistance. Transgender men who have a functioning womb are able to carry a child -- often after several months of ceasing their hormone treatments to allow their bodies to resume menstruation<ref name=":0" />. Transgender women, who are not born with a uterus, are currently medically unable to be pregnant, but the development of uterus transplants in humans by Dr Mats Brännström suggests that it may be possible in the future<ref>{{Cite web|last=Maron|first=Dina Fine|date=15 June 2016|title=How a Transgender Woman Could Get Pregnant|url=https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-a-transgender-woman-could-get-pregnant/|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=30 July 2020|website=Scientific American}}</ref>. Transgender women are able to conceive children biologically by providing their sperm, whether pre- or post-[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaginoplasty vaginoplasty], as long as their testes remain intact<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Alford|first=Ashley V|last2=Theisen|first2=Katherine M|last3=Kim|first3=Nicholas|last4=Bodie|first4=Joshua A|last5=Pariser|first5=Joseph J|date=1 February 2020|title=Successful Ejaculatory Sperm Cryopreservation After Cessation of Long-term Estrogen Therapy in a Transgender Female|url=|journal=Urology|volume=136|pages=e48-e50|via=ClinicalKey}}</ref>, and can conceive a child through intercourse pre-vaginoplasty or through cryopreservation before or after a vaginoplasty. <br />
<br />
== Conception, fertility ==<br />
<br />
=== Trans pregnancy ===<br />
<br />
=== Trans childbirth ===<br />
<br />
== Trans parents and adoption ==<br />
<br />
=== Laws and policies ===<br />
<br />
=== Anti-trans lobbyists ===<br />
<br />
== Children of trans parents ==<br />
<br />
=== Role-relational ambiguity ===<br />
Children whose parents come out as transgender during their lifetime commonly experience role-relational ambiguity<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last=Tabor|first=Jaclyn|date=2019|title=Mom, Dad, or Somewhere in Between: Role-Relational Ambiguity and Children of Transgender Parents|url=|journal=Journal of Marriage and Family|volume=81|issue=2|pages=506-519|doi=10.1111/joml.12537|via=Proquest}}</ref>. Role-relational ambiguity refers to the uncertainty that may arise as a result of changes in the roles and relational status that may accompany another person's gender transition. In families with parents who transition after having a child, this means that the child experiences the transition of their mother into their father, or their father into their mother, the transition may confuse the child's relationship to the parent, and rifts in the relationship may occur. Some of the challenges related to a parent's transition include lack of clarity on how to address a trans parent, which pronouns to use, and how to view a parent who had fundamentally changed in the eyes of the child<ref name=":1" />. Despite some people's belief that [https://thefederalist.com/2016/10/11/transgender-mans-child-hurt-will-hurt-kids/ all people with transgender parents will suffer] as a result of their parent's transition, studies have shown that even in the face of challenging adjustments, children of trans parents often resolve the role-relational ambiguity over time and continue a relationship with the parent. The majority of people with trans parents involved in a recent study<ref name=":1" /> were actively engaged in attempts to radically restructure and redefine relationships with their parent despite the difficulties of role-relational ambiguity. <br />
<br />
== Online support groups ==<br />
<br />
== Trans parents teaching gender to children ==<br />
<references /></div>HoldenWallhttps://wiki.ubc.ca/index.php?title=GRSJ224/transparents&diff=610213GRSJ224/transparents2020-07-31T19:03:16Z<p>HoldenWall: </p>
<hr />
<div>== Transgender Parents ==<br />
In 2007, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Beatie Thomas Beatie] became known as the world's first pregnant man, and maternity pictures of his growing belly were shared across the globe. Beatie, a transgender man, chose to carry the child due to his wife's infertility, and the baby was conceived through artificial insemination<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://people.com/parents/the-pregnant-man-gives-birth/|title=The Pregnant Man Gives Birth|first=People Staff|date=3 July 2008|work=People Magazine|access-date=30 July 2020}}</ref>. Since then, Beatie has given birth to a total of three children<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.12news.com/article/news/local/valley/what-is-life-like-now-for-the-pregnant-man/75-009524b5-abc2-42fc-8cd9-a36a79cc2aba|title=What is life like now for 'The Pregnant Man''?|last=Mai|first=Tram|date=6 February 2019|work=12News|access-date=30 July 2020}}</ref>, and pregnancy among transgender men is increasingly common, although the official numbers continue to be low because trans men are registered as female in . Many transgender people are raising children, and the circumstances surrounding the prevalence of transgender parenthood are diverse. The complexity of gender identity, transition, and the potential fertility problems related to hormone therapies mean that trans parents and trans families come in all shapes and sizes. <br />
<br />
Transgender parents, the children of transgender parents, and the circumstances under which transgender people become transgender parents are extremely under-researched areas. However, some studies are bringing to light the power of a transgender person's choice to become a parent. <br />
<br />
== History of trans parenting ==<br />
<br />
== Gender, transition, and reproduction ==<br />
<br />
=== Options for Trans People to Have a Biological Child ===<br />
There are a myriad of methods that transgender people can have a biological child, despite the commonly held belief that hormone replacement therapies cause sterilization. Each possible method depends on the physiology the person was born with, as well as their current physiology, taking into account possible gender-affirming surgeries that may have an impact on an individual's fertility. Gonadectomy (removal of tests or ovaries) have immediate impacts on fertiility<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Amato|first=Paula|date=17 June 2016|title=Fertility Options for Transgender Persons|url=https://transcare.ucsf.edu/guidelines/fertility|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=30 July 2020|website=University of California, San Francisco: Transgender Care}}</ref>, and the effects of hormones on fertility may be long term or permanent<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Strang|first=John F|date=2018|title=Transgender Youth Fertility Attitudes Questionnaire: Measure Development in Nonautistic and Autisstic Transgender Youth and Their Parents|url=|journal=Journal of Adolescent Health|volume=62|issue=2|pages=128-135|doi=10.1016/j.jadohealth.2017.07.022|via=ClinicalKey}}</ref>. In order to allow transgender people to have full and informed consent prior to undergoing hormone replacement therapy or gender-affirming surgery, it has been recommended that [https://transcare.ucsf.edu/guidelines/fertility physicians must explain] to patients what the possible effects may be on their fertility. <br />
<br />
Fertility preservation options may include [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryopreservation cryopreservation] of sperm, oocyte, embryo, ovarian tissue or testicular tissue<ref name=":0" />, which means that reproductive cells are removed from the body while being preserved for future use. Cryopreservation is a way of allowing transgender patients to undergo gender-affirming treatments which may render them sterile while also having viable [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamete gametes] to have a biological child in the future. <br />
<br />
Despite the possibility of sterility related to hormone replacement therapy, many transgender people conceive children through [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_intercourse intercourse], without medical intervention or assistance. Transgender men who have a functioning womb are able to carry a child -- often after several months of ceasing their hormone treatments to allow their bodies to produce the reproductive hormones required to menstruate<ref name=":0" />. Transgender women, who are not born with a uterus, are currently medically unable to be pregnant, but the development of uterus transplants suggests that it may be possible in the future<ref>{{Cite web|last=Maron|first=Dina Fine|date=15 June 2016|title=How a Transgender Woman Could Get Pregnant|url=https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-a-transgender-woman-could-get-pregnant/|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=30 July 2020|website=Scientific American}}</ref>. <br />
<br />
== Conception, fertility ==<br />
<br />
=== Trans pregnancy ===<br />
<br />
=== Trans childbirth ===<br />
<br />
== Trans parents and adoption ==<br />
<br />
=== Laws and policies ===<br />
<br />
=== Anti-trans lobbyists ===<br />
<br />
== Children of trans parents ==<br />
<br />
=== Role-relational ambiguity ===<br />
Children whose parents come out as transgender during their lifetime commonly experience role-relational ambiguity<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last=Tabor|first=Jaclyn|date=2019|title=Mom, Dad, or Somewhere in Between: Role-Relational Ambiguity and Children of Transgender Parents|url=|journal=Journal of Marriage and Family|volume=81|issue=2|pages=506-519|doi=10.1111/joml.12537|via=Proquest}}</ref>. Role-relational ambiguity refers to the uncertainty that may arise as a result of changes in the roles and relational status that may accompany another person's gender transition. In families with parents who transition after having a child, this means that the child experiences the transition of their mother into their father, or their father into their mother, the transition may confuse the child's relationship to the parent, and rifts in the relationship may occur. Some of the challenges related to a parent's transition include lack of clarity on how to address a trans parent, which pronouns to use, and how to view a parent who had fundamentally changed in the eyes of the child<ref name=":1" />. Despite some people's belief that [https://thefederalist.com/2016/10/11/transgender-mans-child-hurt-will-hurt-kids/ all people with transgender parents will suffer] as a result of their parent's transition, studies have shown that even in the face of challenging adjustments, children of trans parents often resolve the role-relational ambiguity over time and continue a relationship with the parent. The majority of people with trans parents involved in a recent study<ref name=":1" /> were actively engaged in attempts to radically restructure and redefine relationships with their parent despite the difficulties of role-relational ambiguity. <br />
<br />
== Online support groups ==<br />
<br />
== Trans parents teaching gender to children ==<br />
<references /></div>HoldenWallhttps://wiki.ubc.ca/index.php?title=GRSJ224/transparents&diff=610196GRSJ224/transparents2020-07-31T18:20:38Z<p>HoldenWall: /* Trans parents teaching gender to children */</p>
<hr />
<div>== Transgender Parents ==<br />
In 2007, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Beatie Thomas Beatie] shocked the world when he became known as the first pregnant man, and maternity pictures of his growing belly were shared across the globe. Beatie, a transgender man, chose to carry the child due to his wife's infertility, and the baby was conceived through [https://people.com/parents/the-pregnant-man-gives-birth/ artificial insemination]. Since then, Beatie has given birth to a total of four children, and pregnancy among transgender men is increasingly common. Many transgender people are raising children, and the circumstances surrounding the prevalence of transgender parenthood are diverse. The complexity of gender identity, transition, and the potential fertility problems related to hormone therapies mean that trans parents and trans families come in all shapes and sizes. <br />
<br />
Transgender parents, the children of transgender parents, and the circumstances under which transgender people become transgender parents are extremely under-researched areas. However, some studies are bringing to light the power of a transgender person's choice to become a parent. <br />
<br />
== History of trans parenting ==<br />
<br />
== Gender, transition, and reproduction ==<br />
<br />
=== Options for Trans People to Have a Biological Child ===<br />
There are a myriad of methods that transgender people can have a biological child, despite the commonly held belief that hormone replacement therapies cause sterilization. Each possible method depends on the physiology the person was born with, as well as their current physiology, taking into account possible gender-affirming surgeries that may have an impact on an individual's fertility. Gonadectomy (removal of tests or ovaries) have immediate impacts on fertiility<ref>{{Cite web|last=Amato|first=Paula|date=17 June 2016|title=Fertility Options for Transgender Persons|url=https://transcare.ucsf.edu/guidelines/fertility|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=30 July 2020|website=University of California, San Francisco: Transgender Care}}</ref>, and the effects of hormones on fertility may be long term or permanent<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Strang|first=John F|date=2018|title=Transgender Youth Fertility Attitudes Questionnaire: Measure Development in Nonautistic and Autisstic Transgender Youth and Their Parents|url=|journal=Journal of Adolescent Health|volume=62|issue=2|pages=128-135|doi=10.1016/j.jadohealth.2017.07.022|via=ClinicalKey}}</ref>. In order to allow transgender people to have full and informed consent prior to undergoing hormone replacement therapy or gender-affirming surgery, it has been recommended that [https://transcare.ucsf.edu/guidelines/fertility physicians must explain] to patients what the possible effects may be on their fertility. <br />
<br />
== Conception, fertility ==<br />
<br />
=== Trans pregnancy ===<br />
<br />
=== Trans childbirth ===<br />
<br />
== Trans parents and adoption ==<br />
<br />
=== Laws and policies ===<br />
<br />
=== Anti-trans lobbyists ===<br />
<br />
== Children of trans parents ==<br />
<br />
=== Role-relational ambiguity ===<br />
Children whose parents come out as transgender during their lifetime commonly experience role-relational ambiguity<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Tabor|first=Jaclyn|date=2019|title=Mom, Dad, or Somewhere in Between: Role-Relational Ambiguity and Children of Transgender Parents|url=|journal=Journal of Marriage and Family|volume=81|issue=2|pages=506-519|doi=10.1111/joml.12537|via=Proquest}}</ref>. Role-relational ambiguity refers to the uncertainty that may arise as a result of changes in the roles and relational status that may accompany another person's gender transition. In families with parents who transition after having a child, this means that the child experiences the transition of their mother into their father, or their father into their mother, the transition may confuse the child's relationship to the parent, and rifts in the relationship may occur. Some of the challenges related to a parent's transition include lack of clarity on how to address a trans parent, which pronouns to use, and how to view a parent who had fundamentally changed in the eyes of the child<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Tabor|first=Jaclyn|date=2019|title=Mom, Dad, or Somewhere in Between, Role-Relational Ambiguity and Children of Transgender Parents|url=|journal=Journal of Marriage and Family|volume=81|issue=2|pages=506-519|doi=10.1111/jomf.12537|via=Proquest}}</ref>. Despite some people's belief that [https://thefederalist.com/2016/10/11/transgender-mans-child-hurt-will-hurt-kids/ all people with transgender parents will suffer] as a result of their parent's transition, studies have shown that even in the face of challenging adjustments, children of trans parents often resolve the role-relational ambiguity over time and continue a relationship with the parent. The majority of people with trans parents involved in a recent study<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Tabor|first=Jaclyn|date=2019|title=Mom, Dad, or Somewhere in Between: Role-Relational Ambiguity and Children of Transgender Parents|url=|journal=Journal of Marriage and Family|volume=81|issue=2|pages=506.519|via=Proquest}}</ref> were actively engaged in attempts to radically restructure and redefine relationships with their parent despite the difficulties of role-relational ambiguity. <br />
<br />
== Online support groups ==<br />
<br />
== Trans parents teaching gender to children ==<br />
<references /></div>HoldenWallhttps://wiki.ubc.ca/index.php?title=GRSJ224/transparents&diff=610195GRSJ224/transparents2020-07-31T18:19:47Z<p>HoldenWall: </p>
<hr />
<div>== Transgender Parents ==<br />
In 2007, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Beatie Thomas Beatie] shocked the world when he became known as the first pregnant man, and maternity pictures of his growing belly were shared across the globe. Beatie, a transgender man, chose to carry the child due to his wife's infertility, and the baby was conceived through [https://people.com/parents/the-pregnant-man-gives-birth/ artificial insemination]. Since then, Beatie has given birth to a total of four children, and pregnancy among transgender men is increasingly common. Many transgender people are raising children, and the circumstances surrounding the prevalence of transgender parenthood are diverse. The complexity of gender identity, transition, and the potential fertility problems related to hormone therapies mean that trans parents and trans families come in all shapes and sizes. <br />
<br />
Transgender parents, the children of transgender parents, and the circumstances under which transgender people become transgender parents are extremely under-researched areas. However, some studies are bringing to light the power of a transgender person's choice to become a parent. <br />
<br />
== History of trans parenting ==<br />
<br />
== Gender, transition, and reproduction ==<br />
<br />
=== Options for Trans People to Have a Biological Child ===<br />
There are a myriad of methods that transgender people can have a biological child, despite the commonly held belief that hormone replacement therapies cause sterilization. Each possible method depends on the physiology the person was born with, as well as their current physiology, taking into account possible gender-affirming surgeries that may have an impact on an individual's fertility. Gonadectomy (removal of tests or ovaries) have immediate impacts on fertiility<ref>{{Cite web|last=Amato|first=Paula|date=17 June 2016|title=Fertility Options for Transgender Persons|url=https://transcare.ucsf.edu/guidelines/fertility|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=30 july 2020|website=University of California, San Francisco: Transgender Care}}</ref>, and the effects of hormones on fertility may be long term or permanent<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Strang|first=John F|date=2018|title=Transgender Youth Fertility Attitudes Questionnaire: Measure Development in Nonautistic and Autisstic Transgender Youth and Their Parents|url=|journal=Journal of Adolescent Health|volume=62|issue=2|pages=128-135|doi=10.1016/j.jadohealth.2017.07.022|via=ClinicalKey}}</ref>. In order to allow transgender people to have full and informed consent prior to undergoing hormone replacement therapy or gender-affirming surgery, it has been recommended that [https://transcare.ucsf.edu/guidelines/fertility physicians must explain] to patients what the possible effects may be on their fertility. <br />
<br />
== Conception, fertility ==<br />
<br />
=== Trans pregnancy ===<br />
<br />
=== Trans childbirth ===<br />
<br />
== Trans parents and adoption ==<br />
<br />
=== Laws and policies ===<br />
<br />
=== Anti-trans lobbyists ===<br />
<br />
== Children of trans parents ==<br />
<br />
=== Role-relational ambiguity ===<br />
Children whose parents come out as transgender during their lifetime commonly experience role-relational ambiguity<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Tabor|first=Jaclyn|date=2019|title=Mom, Dad, or Somewhere in Between: Role-Relational Ambiguity and Children of Transgender Parents|url=|journal=Journal of Marriage and Family|volume=81|issue=2|pages=506-519|doi=10.1111/joml.12537|via=Proquest}}</ref>. Role-relational ambiguity refers to the uncertainty that may arise as a result of changes in the roles and relational status that may accompany another person's gender transition. In families with parents who transition after having a child, this means that the child experiences the transition of their mother into their father, or their father into their mother, the transition may confuse the child's relationship to the parent, and rifts in the relationship may occur. Some of the challenges related to a parent's transition include lack of clarity on how to address a trans parent, which pronouns to use, and how to view a parent who had fundamentally changed in the eyes of the child<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Tabor|first=Jaclyn|date=2019|title=Mom, Dad, or Somewhere in Between, Role-Relational Ambiguity and Children of Transgender Parents|url=|journal=Journal of Marriage and Family|volume=81|issue=2|pages=506-519|doi=10.1111/jomf.12537|via=Proquest}}</ref>. Despite some people's belief that [https://thefederalist.com/2016/10/11/transgender-mans-child-hurt-will-hurt-kids/ all people with transgender parents will suffer] as a result of their parent's transition, studies have shown that even in the face of challenging adjustments, children of trans parents often resolve the role-relational ambiguity over time and continue a relationship with the parent. The majority of people with trans parents involved in a recent study<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Tabor|first=Jaclyn|date=2019|title=Mom, Dad, or Somewhere in Between: Role-Relational Ambiguity and Children of Transgender Parents|url=|journal=Journal of Marriage and Family|volume=81|issue=2|pages=506.519|via=Proquest}}</ref> were actively engaged in attempts to radically restructure and redefine relationships with their parent despite the difficulties of role-relational ambiguity. <br />
<br />
== Online support groups ==<br />
<br />
== Trans parents teaching gender to children ==<br />
<references /></div>HoldenWallhttps://wiki.ubc.ca/index.php?title=GRSJ224/transparents&diff=610158GRSJ224/transparents2020-07-31T16:37:32Z<p>HoldenWall: </p>
<hr />
<div>== Transgender Parents ==<br />
In 2007, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Beatie Thomas Beatie] shocked the world when he became known as the first pregnant man, and maternity pictures of his growing belly were shared across the globe. Beatie, a transgender man, chose to carry the child due to his wife's infertility, and the baby was conceived through [https://people.com/parents/the-pregnant-man-gives-birth/ artificial insemination]. Since then, Beatie has given birth to a total of four children, and pregnancy among transgender men is increasingly common. Many transgender people are raising children, and the circumstances surrounding the prevalence of transgender parenthood are diverse. The complexity of gender identity, transition, and the potential fertility problems related to hormone therapies mean that trans parents and trans families come in all shapes and sizes. <br />
<br />
Transgender parents, the children of transgender parents, and the circumstances under which transgender people become transgender parents are extremely under-researched areas. However, some studies are bringing to light the power of a transgender person's choice to become a parent. <br />
<br />
== History of trans parenting ==<br />
<br />
== Gender, transition, and reproduction ==<br />
<br />
== Conception, fertility ==<br />
<br />
=== Trans pregnancy ===<br />
<br />
=== Trans childbirth ===<br />
<br />
== Trans parents and adoption ==<br />
<br />
=== Laws and policies ===<br />
<br />
=== Anti-trans lobbyists ===<br />
<br />
== Children of trans parents ==<br />
<br />
=== Role-relational ambiguity ===<br />
Children whose parents come out as transgender during their lifetime commonly experience role-relational ambiguity<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Tabor|first=Jaclyn|date=2019|title=Mom, Dad, or Somewhere in Between: Role-Relational Ambiguity and Children of Transgender Parents|url=|journal=Journal of Marriage and Family|volume=81|issue=2|pages=506-519|doi=10.1111/joml.12537|via=Proquest}}</ref>. Role-relational ambiguity refers to the uncertainty that may arise as a result of changes in the roles and relational status that may accompany another person's gender transition. In families with parents who transition after having a child, this means that the child experiences the transition of their mother into their father, or their father into their mother, the transition may confuse the child's relationship to the parent, and rifts in the relationship may occur. Some of the challenges related to a parent's transition include lack of clarity on how to address a trans parent, which pronouns to use, and how to view a parent who had fundamentally changed in the eyes of the child<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Tabor|first=Jaclyn|date=2019|title=Mom, Dad, or Somewhere in Between, Role-Relational Ambiguity and Children of Transgender Parents|url=|journal=Journal of Marriage and Family|volume=81|issue=2|pages=506-519|doi=10.1111/jomf.12537|via=Proquest}}</ref>. Despite some people's belief that [https://thefederalist.com/2016/10/11/transgender-mans-child-hurt-will-hurt-kids/ all people with transgender parents will suffer] as a result of their parent's transition, studies have shown that even in the face of challenging adjustments, children of trans parents often resolve the role-relational ambiguity over time and continue a relationship with the parent. The majority of people with trans parents involved in a recent study<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Tabor|first=Jaclyn|date=2019|title=Mom, Dad, or Somewhere in Between: Role-Relational Ambiguity and Children of Transgender Parents|url=|journal=Journal of Marriage and Family|volume=81|issue=2|pages=506.519|via=Proquest}}</ref> were actively engaged in attempts to radically restructure and redefine relationships with their parent despite the difficulties of role-relational ambiguity. <br />
<br />
== Online support groups ==<br />
<br />
== Trans parents teaching gender to children ==<br />
<references /></div>HoldenWallhttps://wiki.ubc.ca/index.php?title=GRSJ224/transparents&diff=610156GRSJ224/transparents2020-07-31T16:31:37Z<p>HoldenWall: </p>
<hr />
<div>== Transgender Parents ==<br />
In 2007, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Beatie Thomas Beatie] shocked the world when he became known as the first pregnant man, and maternity pictures of his growing belly were shared across the globe. Beatie, a transgender man, chose to carry the child due to his wife's infertility, and the baby was conceived through [https://people.com/parents/the-pregnant-man-gives-birth/ artificial insemination]. Since then, Beatie has given birth to a total of four children, and pregnancy among transgender men is increasingly common. Many transgender people are raising children, and the circumstances surrounding the prevalence of transgender parenthood are diverse. The complexity of gender identity, transition, and the potential fertility problems related to hormone therapies mean that trans parents and trans families come in all shapes and sizes. <br />
<br />
Transgender parents, the children of transgender parents, and the circumstances under which transgender people become transgender parents are extremely under-researched areas. However, some studies are bringing to light the power of a transgender person's choice to become a parent. <br />
<br />
== History of trans parenting ==<br />
<br />
== Gender, transition, and reproduction ==<br />
<br />
== Conception, fertility ==<br />
<br />
=== Trans pregnancy ===<br />
<br />
=== Trans childbirth ===<br />
<br />
== Trans parents and adoption ==<br />
<br />
=== Laws and policies ===<br />
<br />
=== Anti-trans lobbyists ===<br />
<br />
== Children of trans parents ==<br />
<br />
=== Role-relational ambiguity ===<br />
Children whose parents come out as transgender during their lifetime commonly experience role-relational ambiguity<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Tabor|first=Jaclyn|date=2019|title=Mom, Dad, or Somewhere in Between: Role-Relational Ambiguity and Children of Transgender Parents|url=|journal=Journal of Marriage and Family|volume=81|issue=2|pages=506-519|doi=10.1111/joml.12537|via=Proquest}}</ref>. Role-relational ambiguity refers to the uncertainty that may arise as a result of changes in the roles and relational status that may accompany another person's gender transition. In families with parents who transition after having a child, this means that the child experiences the transition of their mother into their father, or their father into their mother, the transition may confuse the child's relationship to the parent, and rifts in the relationship may occur. Some of the challenges related to a parent's transition include lack of clarity on how to address a trans parent, which pronouns to use, and how to view a parent who had fundamentally changed in the eyes of the child<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Tabor|first=Jaclyn|date=2019|title=Mom, Dad, or Somewhere in Between, Role-Relational Ambiguity and Children of Transgender Parents|url=|journal=Journal of Marriage and Family|volume=81|issue=2|pages=506-519|doi=10.1111/jomf.12537|via=Proquest}}</ref>. Despite some people's belief that [https://thefederalist.com/2016/10/11/transgender-mans-child-hurt-will-hurt-kids/ all people with transgender parents will suffer] as a result of their parent's transition, studies have shown that even in the face of challenging adjustments, children of trans parents often resolve the role-relational ambiguity over time and continue a relationship with the parent. One of the <br />
<br />
== Online support groups ==<br />
<br />
== Trans parents teaching gender to children ==<br />
<references /></div>HoldenWallhttps://wiki.ubc.ca/index.php?title=GRSJ224/transparents&diff=610033GRSJ224/transparents2020-07-31T05:32:03Z<p>HoldenWall: </p>
<hr />
<div>== Transgender Parents ==<br />
In 2007, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Beatie Thomas Beatie] shocked the world when he became known as the first pregnant man, and maternity pictures of his growing belly were shared across the globe. Beatie, a transgender man, chose to carry the child due to his wife's infertility, and the baby was conceived through [https://people.com/parents/the-pregnant-man-gives-birth/ artificial insemination]. Since then, Beatie has given birth to a total of four children, and pregnancy among transgender men is increasingly common. Many transgender people are raising children, and the circumstances surrounding the prevalence of transgender parenthood are diverse. The complexity of gender identity, transition, and the potential fertility problems related to hormone therapies mean that trans parents and trans families come in all shapes and sizes. <br />
<br />
Transgender parents, the children of transgender parents, and the circumstances under which transgender people become transgender parents are extremely under-researched areas. However, some studies are bringing to light the power of a transgender person's choice to become a parent. <br />
<br />
== History of trans parenting ==<br />
<br />
== Gender, transition, and reproduction ==<br />
<br />
== Conception, fertility ==<br />
<br />
=== Trans pregnancy ===<br />
<br />
=== Trans childbirth ===<br />
<br />
== Trans parents and adoption ==<br />
<br />
=== Laws and policies ===<br />
<br />
=== Anti-trans lobbyists ===<br />
<br />
== Children of trans parents ==<br />
Children whose parents come out as transgender during their lifetime commonly experience role-relational ambiguity<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Tabor|first=Jaclyn|date=2019|title=Mom, Dad, or Somewhere in Between: Role-Relational Ambiguity and Children of Transgender Parents|url=|journal=Journal of Marriage and Family|volume=81|issue=2|pages=506-519|doi=10.1111/joml.12537|via=Proquest}}</ref>. Role-relational ambiguity <br />
<br />
== Online support groups ==<br />
<br />
== Trans parents teaching gender to children ==<br />
<references /></div>HoldenWallhttps://wiki.ubc.ca/index.php?title=GRSJ224/transparents&diff=610028GRSJ224/transparents2020-07-31T05:20:07Z<p>HoldenWall: </p>
<hr />
<div>== Transgender Parents ==<br />
In 2007, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Beatie Thomas Beatie] shocked the world when he became known as the first pregnant man, and maternity pictures of his growing belly were shared across the globe. Beatie, a transgender man, chose to carry the child due to his wife's infertility, and the baby was conceived through [https://people.com/parents/the-pregnant-man-gives-birth/ artificial insemination]. Since then, Beatie has given birth to a total of four children, and pregnancy among transgender men is increasingly common. Many transgender people are raising children, and the circumstances surrounding the prevalence of transgender parenthood are diverse. The complexity of gender identity, transition, and the potential fertility problems related to hormone therapies mean that trans parents and trans families come in all shapes and sizes. <br />
<br />
Transgender parents, the children of transgender parents, and the circumstances under which transgender people become transgender parents are extremely under-researched areas. However, some studies are bringing to light the power of a transgender person's choice to become a parent. <br />
<br />
== History of trans parenting ==<br />
<br />
== Gender, transition, and reproduction ==<br />
<br />
== Conception, fertility ==<br />
<br />
=== Trans pregnancy ===<br />
<br />
=== Trans childbirth ===<br />
<br />
== Trans parents and adoption ==<br />
<br />
=== Laws and policies ===<br />
<br />
=== Anti-trans lobbyists ===<br />
<br />
== Children of trans parents ==<br />
<br />
== Online support groups ==<br />
<br />
== Trans parents teaching gender to children ==</div>HoldenWallhttps://wiki.ubc.ca/index.php?title=GRSJ224&diff=609890GRSJ2242020-07-30T19:56:44Z<p>HoldenWall: </p>
<hr />
<div>This '''Wikispace''' is a peer-produced shared resource that will evolve as students post content relating to GRSJ224. You are responsible for creating dynamic and informative wiki pages. As you add and update information throughout the semester, originality, resourcefulness, and creativity is encouraged. The wiki will be sustained for successive semesters so that the work you contribute will be available to future students.<br />
<br />
=== ASSIGNMENT INFORMATION ===<br />
<br />
To download and view full details of the assignment, click [https://canvas.ubc.ca/files/4963443/download?download_frd=1 here].<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
| https://connect.ubc.ca/bbcswebdav/courses/WS.UBC.FL.GRSJ.224.COURSECONTENT.2014S/Files%20for%20UBC%20Wiki/wiki_preparation.gif || <br />
* Read: [https://library.educause.edu/~/media/files/library/2005/7/eli7004-pdf.pdf 7 Things you should know about Wikis]<br />
* Choose a term from the table of contents<br />
* Confirm your selection of topic with your instructor by the '''SECOND WEEK OF CLASSES'''<br />
* Set up your wiki page.<br />
* Instructions on how to use the Visual Editor on UBC Wikis: [https://wiki.ubc.ca/Help:Visual_Editor Help:Visual Editor]<br />
| https://connect.ubc.ca/bbcswebdav/courses/WS.UBC.FL.GRSJ.224.COURSECONTENT.2014S/Files%20for%20UBC%20Wiki/wiki_finalizing.png ||<br />
* Continue to work towards improving and finalizing your Wiki.<br />
* Consider the wiki as a whole and the usefulness of adding images and links.<br />
* Check your Talk page to see if your peers provided you with any useful feedback<br />
* Ensure your Wiki is properly cited<br />
* Proofread your Wiki<br />
<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| https://connect.ubc.ca/bbcswebdav/courses/WS.UBC.FL.GRSJ.224.COURSECONTENT.2014S/Files%20for%20UBC%20Wiki/wiki_research.gif || <br />
* Gather resources in relevance of your discoveries to class materials.<br />
* Familiarize yourself with the wiki-authoring tools of [[GRSJ224/wikibasics|Wiki Basics]]<br />
| https://connect.ubc.ca/bbcswebdav/courses/WS.UBC.FL.GRSJ.224.COURSECONTENT.2014S/Files%20for%20UBC%20Wiki/wiki_submit.gif ||<br />
* Submit "Wikipedia Report" to your instructor in Connect<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| https://connect.ubc.ca/bbcswebdav/courses/WS.UBC.FL.GRSJ.224.COURSECONTENT.2014S/Files%20for%20UBC%20Wiki/wiki_drafting.gif || <br />
* Read: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Writing_better_articles Wikipedia's guide to Writing Better Articles]<br />
* Write content relevant to class material.<br />
* Tailor your page to your audience.<br />
* Check out your peers’ draft Wikis below and provide feedback using the [http://wiki.ubc.ca/Help:Talk_pages Talk pages]<br />
* The intellectual rules of property DO apply: provide [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperlink links], not [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plagiarism plagiarisms].<br />
|}<br />
<br />
'''Helpful Links:'''<br />
* [https://admin.video.ubc.ca/index.php/kwidget/wid/0_d2u58vo0/uiconf_id/11170637/entry_id/0_kmj3r79h Embed an Image]<br />
* [https://wiki.ubc.ca/GRSJ224/racialdiscrimination Embed a Video]<br />
* [https://admin.video.ubc.ca/index.php/kwidget/wid/0_d478y7sn/uiconf_id/11170637/entry_id/0_sg3scx28 Link to an external website]<br />
<br />
=== TABLE OF CONTENTS ===<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible" width="100%" style="background:aliceblue; border-style:solid; border-width:1px; border-color: #AEDCF6;" border="1" cellspacing="5" cellpadding="2"<br />
|+<br />
|- <br />
| valign="top" style="padding: 0; margin:0;width:25%" |<br />
<h2 style="margin:0; background:#2B3087; font-size:14px; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #a3b0bf; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;"><span style="color:white">Democracy</span></h2>[[Jury Nullification and Black Communities in the US]]<br />
<br />
*<br />
*<br />
<br />
| valign="top" style="padding: 0; margin:0;width:25%" |<br />
<h2 style="margin:0; background:#2B3087; font-size:14px; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #a3b0bf; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;"><span style="color:white">Neoliberalism</span></h2>[[The Impact of Neoliberalism in Latin American Gender Inequality|The Impact of Neoliberalism in Latin American Gender inequality.]]<br />
<br />
* <br />
*<br />
<br />
| valign="top" style="padding: 0; margin:0;width:25%" |<br />
<h2 style="margin:0; background:#2B3087; font-size:14px; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #a3b0bf; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;"><span style="color:white">Post-coloniality</span></h2>[[Cultural Appreciation of Contemporary Indigenous Music in Canada]]<br />
<br />
[https://wiki.ubc.ca/Urban_Indigenous_Language_Revitalization_in_Canada Urban Indigenous Language Revitalization in Canada]<br />
<br />
[[Intergenerational Impact of Residential School Attendance on Mental and Emotional Well-Being of Indigenous Peoples in Canada: Sociocultural Perspective]] <br />
<br />
*<br />
*<br />
<br />
| valign="top" style="padding: 0; margin:0;width:25%" |<br />
<h2 style="margin:0; background:#2B3087; font-size:14px; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #a3b0bf; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;"><span style="color:white">Immigration</span></h2>[[The Globalization of Asian-Immigrant Youth Culture]]<br />
<br />
[[GRSJ224/Challenges in healthcare among Asian Immigrants in the United States|Challenges in health care among Asian Immigrants in the United States]]<br />
<br />
[[GRSJ224/Discrimination Against Skilled Immigrants in Canada|Employment Discrimination Against Skilled Immigrants in Canada]]<br />
*<br />
*<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| valign="top" style="padding: 0; margin:0;width:25%" |<br />
<h2 style="margin:0; background:#2B3087; font-size:14px; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #a3b0bf; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;"><span style="color:white">Discrimination</span></h2>[https://wiki.ubc.ca/index.php?veaction=edit&editintro=Template%3ANew+Documentation+Intro&title=the%C2%A0inequalities%C2%A0that_Canadian_female_employees_facing_in_health_care_occupations&create=Create+Documentation+Page The inequalities that Canadian female employees facing in health care occupations]<br />
<br />
[https://wiki.ubc.ca/Maltreatments_of_Canadian_government_towards_the_Indigenous_community_in_COVID-19_pandemic Maltreatments of the Canadian government towards the Indigenous community in COVID-19 pandemic]<br />
<br />
[[Racism and Persecution against Uyghur Muslims in China]]<br />
<br />
[[Racial Discrimination and Health Disparities against African-Amrican patients by healthcare providers]]<br />
<br />
[[Discrimination against Asian People as a result of COVID-19 in Canada]]<br />
<br />
[[Racism Under the COVID-19 Pandemic|Racism under the COVID-19 Pandemic]]<br />
<br />
Exploring the intersection of disability and queerness [https://wiki.ubc.ca/GRSJ224/disability?venotify=created]<br />
<br />
[[How Discrimination towards Asian Skilled Immigrants under Canadian Workplace Affect Parenting Behaviours|How Discrimination towards Asian Skilled Immigrants under Canadian Workplace Affect Parenting behaviours]]<br />
<br />
[[Mistreatment of Comfort Women Under Imperial Japanese Army Rule|Mistreatment of Comfort Women Under Japanese Imperial Army Rule]]<br />
<br />
[https://wiki.ubc.ca/Disproportionately_High_Rates_of_Maternal_Complications_and_Mortality_Among_Black_Women_in_the_United_States Disproportionately High Rates of Maternal Complications and Mortality Among Black Women in the United States]<br />
<br />
[https://wiki.ubc.ca/Femicide_in_Latin_America Femicide in Latin America]<br />
<br />
[[GRSJ224/Gross_Over-Representation_of_First_Nations_%26_Black_Canadian_Men_in_Canadian_Prisons|Gross Over-Representation of First Nations Black Canadian Men in Canadian Prisons]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
* <br />
*<br />
<br />
| valign="top" style="padding: 0; margin:0;width:25%" |<br />
<h2 style="margin:0; background:#2B3087; font-size:14px; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #a3b0bf; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;"><span style="color:white">Masculinity</span></h2><br />
[[Representation of Masculinity in Hong Kong Cinema]]<br />
<br />
[https://wiki.ubc.ca/GRSJ224/MexicanMachismo Cultural Analysis of Traditional and Contemporary Mexican Masculine Roles] <br />
<br />
[https://wiki.ubc.ca/GRSJ224/Hyper-masculinityInAdvertisement?veswitched=1&veaction=edit&oldid=0 Hyper-Masculinity in Advertisement: Effects on Mental Health]<br />
<br />
[[GRSJ224/hazingandmasculinity Hazing and Masculinity]]<br />
<br />
*<br />
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| valign="top" style="padding: 0; margin:0;width:25%" |<br />
<h2 style="margin:0; background:#2B3087; font-size:14px; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #a3b0bf; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;"><span style="color:white">Medicalization</span></h2>[https://wiki.ubc.ca/UBC_Wiki:The_Problems_with_the_Medicalization_of_Depression_in_Developed_Countries The Problems with the Medicalization of Depression in Developed Countries]<br />
<br />
[[GRSJ224/medicalizationofmenopause#Medicalization of Menopause|Medicalization of Menopause]]<br />
<br />
[[GRSJ224/medicalizationofchildbirth#Medicalization of Childbirth|Medicalization of Childbirth]]<br />
<br />
[[GRSJ224/Legalization of Medical Marijuana in Canada|Legalization of Medical Marijuana in Canada]]<br />
<br />
[https://wiki.ubc.ca/GRSJ224/ADHD ADHD]<br />
<br />
* <br />
*<br />
<br />
| valign="top" style="padding: 0; margin:0;width:25%" |<br />
<h2 style="margin:0; background:#2B3087; font-size:14px; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #a3b0bf; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;"><span style="color:white">LGBT Families</span></h2>[https://wiki.ubc.ca/GRSJ224/Family_formation_and_environments_in_LGBT_communities Family formation and environments in LGBT communities]<br />
<br />
[[GRSJ224/transparents|Transgender Parents]]<br />
* <br />
*<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| valign="top" style="padding: 0; margin:0;width:25%" |<br />
<h2 style="margin:0; background:#2B3087; font-size:14px; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #a3b0bf; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;"><span style="color:white">Reproduction</span></h2>[https://wiki.ubc.ca/GRSJ224/disparities_in_abortion_access_in_Canada Disparities in Abortion Access in Canada]<br />
<br />
[https://wiki.ubc.ca/GRSJ224/pro-natalist_policies_in_South_Korea Pro-natalist policies in South Korea]<br />
<br />
[[Reproductive Coercion Inflicted on Women]]<br />
<br />
[https://wiki.ubc.ca/The_Reproductive_Healthcare_Disparities_Among_HIV_Positive_Women_in_sub-Saharan_Africa#Overview The Reproductive Healthcare Disparities among HIV Positive Women in sub- Saharan Africa]<br />
* <br />
* <br />
<br />
| valign="top" style="padding: 0; margin:0;width:25%" |<br />
<h2 style="margin:0; background:#2B3087; font-size:14px; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #a3b0bf; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;"><span style="color:white">Feminism</span></h2>[https://wiki.ubc.ca/Discrimination_and_unequal_treatment_on_female_in_workplaces_in_Canada#Overview Discrimination and unequal treatment on female in workplaces in Canada]<br />
<br />
[[GRSJ224/Graphic_Medicine_and_Autopathography|Graphic Medicine and Autopathography]]<br />
<br />
[[Breast Reconstruction Practices Among LGBTQ Women]]<br />
<br />
[https://wiki.ubc.ca/GRSJ224/WISH WISH Learning Centre]<br />
<br />
[[The Gender Wage Gap in STEM Fields in Canada]]<br />
<br />
[[The Effect of Stereotypes on Female Exit Rates in Computer Science Within the United States]]<br />
<br />
[[The Influence of French Feminism on Contemporary Feminist Literary Criticism]] <br />
<br />
* <br />
*<br />
<br />
| valign="top" style="padding: 0; margin:0;width:25%" |<br />
<h2 style="margin:0; background:#2B3087; font-size:14px; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #a3b0bf; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;"><span style="color:white">Rituals</span></h2><br />
* <br />
*<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===ARCHIVE ===<br />
Here is an archive of the Wiki pages created by previous students: [[GRSJ224/archive|Archive of Wiki pages]]</div>HoldenWallhttps://wiki.ubc.ca/index.php?title=GRSJ224/transparents&diff=609889GRSJ224/transparents2020-07-30T19:55:25Z<p>HoldenWall: </p>
<hr />
<div>Segments: <br />
<br />
Overview<br />
<br />
History of trans parenting<br />
<br />
gender, transition, and reproduction<br />
<br />
conception, fertility<br />
<br />
Trans pregnancy<br />
<br />
Trans childbirth<br />
<br />
Trans parents and adoption<br />
<br />
Laws and policies<br />
<br />
Anti-trans lobbyists<br />
<br />
Children of trans parents<br />
<br />
Online support groups<br />
<br />
Trans parents teaching gender to children</div>HoldenWallhttps://wiki.ubc.ca/index.php?title=GRSJ224/transparents&diff=609888GRSJ224/transparents2020-07-30T19:54:28Z<p>HoldenWall: Created page with "Segments: Overview History of trans parenting gender, transition, and reproduction conception, fertility Trans pregnancy Trans childbirth Trans parents and adoption Laws and..."</p>
<hr />
<div>Segments: <br />
Overview<br />
History of trans parenting<br />
gender, transition, and reproduction<br />
conception, fertility<br />
Trans pregnancy<br />
Trans childbirth<br />
Trans parents and adoption<br />
Laws and policies<br />
Anti-trans lobbyists<br />
Children of trans parents<br />
Online support groups<br />
Trans parents teaching gender to children</div>HoldenWallhttps://wiki.ubc.ca/index.php?title=Transgender_Parents&diff=609887Transgender Parents2020-07-30T19:51:16Z<p>HoldenWall: </p>
<hr />
<div>Overview<br />
<br />
History of Trans Parenting<br />
<br />
Gender, Transition, and Reproduction<br />
<br />
Conception and Fertility<br />
<br />
Trans Pregnancy<br />
<br />
Trans Childbirth<br />
<br />
Trans Parents and Adoption (laws and policies / anti-trans lobbyists)<br />
<br />
Children of Trans Parents<br />
<br />
Online Support Groups<br />
<br />
Trans Parents Teaching Gender to their Children</div>HoldenWallhttps://wiki.ubc.ca/index.php?title=Transgender_Parents&diff=609886Transgender Parents2020-07-30T19:47:56Z<p>HoldenWall: Created page with "work in progress"</p>
<hr />
<div>work in progress</div>HoldenWallhttps://wiki.ubc.ca/index.php?title=GRSJ300StudentBlogs&diff=599829GRSJ300StudentBlogs2020-06-03T22:39:22Z<p>HoldenWall: </p>
<hr />
<div>=== 2020S1-GRSJ300-941 (Instructor: Claudia Diaz) ===<br />
* Stephanie Chen http://blogs.ubc.ca/stephaniechen/<br />
* Bethany Khalil http://blogs.ubc.ca/bethanykhalil<br />
* Emma Laqua http://blogs.ubc.ca/grsj300emmalaqua/<br />
* Emily Liang http://blogs.ubc.ca/emilyliang/<br />
* Ashley Bate http://blogs.ubc.ca/ashleybate <br />
* Jared Yu http://blogs.ubc.ca/jaredyu/ <br />
* Sarah Speckmaier http://blogs.ubc.ca/sarahspeckmaier <br />
* Teri Wang [http://blogs.ubc.ca/teriwang/ <u>http://blogs.ubc.ca/teriwang/</u>] <br />
* Maria Lesyk http://blogs.ubc.ca/marialesyk/ <br />
* Isabelle Quon http://blogs.ubc.ca/isabellequon/ <br />
* Elijah Foran http://blogs.ubc.ca/elijahforan/ <br />
* Crystal Kerr http://blogs.ubc.ca/crystalkerr/ <br />
* Holden Wall https://blogs.ubc.ca/holdenwall/ <br />
<br />
===98A (Instructor: Taqdir Bhandal)===<br />
*<br />
*<br />
*<br />
<br />
===2019WC-GRSJ300-99C (Instructor: A.J. Lowik)===<br />
* Ang Li http://blogs.ubc.ca/angli/2020/02/28/the-hidden-dark-message-in-benson-hedges-cancer-sticks-ad/ <br />
* Xiner Yuan <nowiki>https://blogs.ubc.ca/xiner/2020/02/28/culture-jam/</nowiki> <br />
* Sam Nygard http://blogs.ubc.ca/samnygard/ <br />
* Wesley Wang http://blogs.ubc.ca/wwang/<br />
* Ziqing Song http://blogs.ubc.ca/ziqingsong/2020/02/28/gender-roles-advert-implictions/<br />
* Manvir Baring <nowiki>http://blogs.ubc.ca/manvir/</nowiki><br />
* Nana Yaa Minkah-Premo http://blogs.ubc.ca/nanayaagrsj300<br />
* Miles Schaffrick [http://blogs.ubc.ca/miles/ http://blogs.ubc.ca/miles] <br />
* Elizabeth Porter http://blogs.ubc.ca/elizabethporter/ <br />
* Bradley Scheftner https://blogs.ubc.ca/grsj300bradleyscheftner/ <br />
* Briana Irani https://blogs.ubc.ca/brianai/ <br />
* Wesley Lam http://blogs.ubc.ca/wesleylam/ <br />
* Jasmeet (Jessica) Toor http://blogs.ubc.ca/jessicatoor/ <br />
* Yvonne Ku https://blogs.ubc.ca/yvonnegrsj300/ <br />
* Casey Tin https://blogs.ubc.ca/caseytingrsj/ <br />
* Tali Levin <nowiki>https://blogs.ubc.ca/tali/</nowiki> <br />
* Stephanie Oner https://blogs.ubc.ca/stephanieoner/ <br />
* Kiki Hsieh https://blogs.ubc.ca/kikihsieh/ <br />
* Michael Leff http://blogs.ubc.ca/grsj300michael/ <br />
* Cassie Tolentino https://blogs.ubc.ca/ctolentino/ <br />
* Shareen Fabiola https://blogs.ubc.ca/shareenfabiola/ <br />
* Shaun Kalair https://blogs.ubc.ca/grsj300shaun <br />
* Tanya Valizadeh Elizeh http://blogs.ubc.ca/tanyaelizeh/ <br />
* Sophia Zhang http://blogs.ubc.ca/sophiazhanggrsj300/ <br />
* Jesalyn Reimann <nowiki>http://blogs.ubc.ca/jesalynreimann/</nowiki> <br />
* Maggie Yang <nowiki>https://blogs.ubc.ca/maggiesgsrjblog/</nowiki> <br />
* Angela Wu http://blogs.ubc.ca/angelaw/ <br />
* Kendra Stunden http://blogs.ubc.ca/kenstunden/ <br />
* Barney Shi http://blogs.ubc.ca/barneyshi/ <br />
* Olivia Rigby http://blogs.ubc.ca/oliviarig/ <br />
* Sydney Chapman http://blogs.ubc.ca/sydneychapman/ <br />
* Jennifer Nguyen http://blogs.ubc.ca/jennifernguyen/ <br />
* Fiona Chow http://blogs.ubc.ca/fionachow/ <br />
* Fuma Aoki http://blogs.ubc.ca/fumaaoki/ <br />
* Christine Thay http://blogs.ubc.ca/christinet/ <br />
* Guneet Dhaliwal <nowiki>http://blogs.ubc.ca/gd1997/</nowiki> <br />
* Delaney McBride http://blogs.ubc.ca/dmcb/ <br />
* Sukhvir Gill http://blogs.ubc.ca/sukhvirgill/ <br />
* Yuvanshu Sharma <nowiki>http://blogs.ubc.ca/yuvisharma/</nowiki> <br />
* Jacob Lee http://blogs.ubc.ca/jacoblee/ <br />
* Emily Chun http://blogs.ubc.ca/emilycgrsj/ <br />
* Michelle Pham http://blogs.ubc.ca/michellepham/ <br />
* Snigdha Bhardwaj https://blogs.ubc.ca/snigdhabhardwajgsrj/ <br />
* Srijon Saha https://blogs.ubc.ca/srijongrsj300 <br />
* Mirah Gocher http://blogs.ubc.ca/mirahgrsj/ <br />
* Julia Du http://blogs.ubc.ca/juliadu/ <br />
* Anna Rozhina http://blogs.ubc.ca/arozhina/ <br />
* David Lutman http://blogs.ubc.ca/davidlutman/ <br />
* Nathan Tong http://blogs.ubc.ca/nathantong/ <br />
* Maxine Genovese https://blogs.ubc.ca/maxinezara/ <br />
* Danial Almasizadeh http://blogs.ubc.ca/danialalmasizadeh/ <br />
* Arshaan Merchant http:/blogs.ubc.ca/arshaanmerchant8 <br />
* Sukhrajan Sangha http://blogs.ubc.ca/sukhrajansangha/ <br />
* Ellie Afrooznia http://blogs.ubc.ca/ellieafrooznia/ <br />
* Zaha Al-hmoud http://blogs.ubc.ca/zahaalhmoud2020/ <br />
* Chayten Hansra [https://blogs.ubc.ca/chaytenhansra/ http://blogs.ubc.ca/chaytenhansra] <br />
* Helen Zhou http://blogs.ubc.ca/helenzhougrsj/ <br />
* Elton Cheung http://blogs.ubc.ca/eltoncheung/ <br />
* Kasia Nowak http://blogs.ubc.ca/kasianowak/ <br />
* Keita Ho http://blogs.ubc.ca/keitagrsj300culturejam/grsj300-culture-jamming-assignment/ <br />
* Mana Safdar https://blogs.ubc.ca/manasafdar/ <br />
* Angela Rodriguez http://blogs.ubc.ca/rodriguezgrsj <br />
* Samantha Nalliah http://blogs.ubc.ca/samanthanalliah/ <br />
* Nimrit Sidhu https://blogs.ubc.ca/nimritsidhu/ <br />
* Austin Ferguson [https://blogs.ubc.ca/austinfergie/ https://blogs.ubc.ca/austinfergie] <br />
* Michelle Chen http://blogs.ubc.ca/michchen300/ <br />
* Darren Pun http://blogs.ubc.ca/darrenpun/ <br />
* Maysa Shekarlab http://blogs.ubc.ca/maysa/2020/02/28/grsj-300-cultural-jam-assignment/ <br />
* Amanda Seto http://blogs.ubc.ca/amandaseto/ <br />
* Yiqing Zhou https://blogs.ubc.ca/grsj300culturaljam/2020/02/28/grsj-300-cultural-jam/ <br />
* Jun Wu http://blogs.ubc.ca/junwu/ <br />
* Chao Zhang http://blogs.ubc.ca/chaozhang/ <br />
* Luna Crawford https://blogs.ubc.ca/lunacrawford/2020/02/28/abusedbybeautystandards/ <br />
* Chidiogo Nwakaeze http://blogs.ubc.ca/nwakaezegrsj300/ <br />
* Chen Xing https://blogs.ubc.ca/cxing/2020/02/28/skinnygirl/ <br />
* Kenneth Wu http://blogs.ubc.ca/kennethwu/2020/02/28/grsj300/ <br />
* Shehan Wijeyagoonewardane https://blogs.ubc.ca/shehangrsj300/ <br />
* Nada Kourkmas https://blogs.ubc.ca/nadakourkmas/ <br />
* Helen Zhao http://blogs.ubc.ca/helenzhao1/ <br />
* Damanpreet Mehat http://blogs.ubc.ca/damanpreetmehatgrsj300/ <br />
* Jeff Van den Berghe https://blogs.ubc.ca/jeffvandberghe/ <br />
* Jenaea Reimann <nowiki>http://blogs.ubc.ca/jenaeareimann/</nowiki> [http://blogs.ubc.ca/jenaeareimann/] <br />
* Noah Fang Li http://blogs.ubc.ca/fanglinoah/2020/03/01/culture-jamming-assignment/ <br />
=== GRSJ300-99A (Instructor: Dr. Christopher Shelley) ===<br />
* Youssef Elmokadem http://blogs.ubc.ca/ymoko/ <br />
* James Lee http://blogs.ubc.ca/jameswlee/ <br />
* Jason Ngo https://blogs.ubc.ca/jasonngo/ <br />
* Grace Liu http://blogs.ubc.ca/graceliu/2019/10/17/got-milk-distorted-perception-on-premenstrual-syndrome-or-pms/ <br />
* Yasmine Jaafar http://blogs.ubc.ca/yasminejaafar/ <br />
* Amanda Baker https://blogs.ubc.ca/amandabaker4/<br />
* Bobby Gill http://blogs.ubc.ca/bobbyg98<br />
* Nemanja Asprovski https://blogs.ubc.ca/nemanjaa/ <br />
* Ariel Lichtenstein http://blogs.ubc.ca/ariellichtenstein/ <br />
* Sara Ren http://blogs.ubc.ca/sararen/2019/10/07/grsj-300-culture-jam-assignment/ <br />
* Anita Tse http://blogs.ubc.ca/anitatse/ <br />
* Selina Wang http://blogs.ubc.ca/zixuanw/ <br />
* Janine Llaguo http://blogs.ubc.ca/janinellaguno/ <br />
* Rachel Chan https://blogs.ubc.ca/rachelkchan/ <br />
* Matthew Wong http://blogs.ubc.ca/mattheww/ <br />
* Maureen Li http://blogs.ubc.ca/maureenligrsj300/ <br />
* Mayesha Kabir http://blogs.ubc.ca/mayeshakabir/2019/10/11/culture-jam/ <br />
* Emily Fuchs http://blogs.ubc.ca/emilyfuchs/ <br />
* Sharon Boparai http://blogs.ubc.ca/sharonboparai/2019/10/19/culture-jam/ <br />
* Youxin Yuan http://blogs.ubc.ca/youxingrsj300 <br />
* Lynn Zhang http://blogs.ubc.ca/lynnz/2019/10/12/culture-jam/ <br />
* Anika Nicholson http://blogs.ubc.ca/anikangrsj300/ <br />
* Kayley Hirose http://blogs.ubc.ca/grsj300kayleyh <br />
* Jane Kim http://blogs.ubc.ca/janekim/ <br />
* Gurmansi Kang https://blogs.ubc.ca/gurmansi/ <br />
* Elizabeth Tichelman http://blogs.ubc.ca/elizabethtichelman/ <br />
* Emma Barlow http://blogs.ubc.ca/emmabarlow/ <br />
* Meghan Wingrove http://blogs.ubc.ca/meghanwingrove/ <br />
* Yi Yang http://blogs.ubc.ca/culturejam2/culturejam/ <br />
* Priya Hothi <nowiki>https://blogs.ubc.ca/priyahothi1/</nowiki> <br />
* Hayden Borwick <nowiki>http://blogs.ubc.ca/haydenborwickgrsj300/</nowiki> <br />
* Maya Asaoka http://blogs.ubc.ca/grsj300ma/ <br />
* Fermin Hoq http://blogs.ubc.ca/ferminhoq <br />
* Colleen Vu http://blogs.ubc.ca/colleenvu1/ <br />
* Nicholas Yu [http://blogs.ubc.ca/nicholasyu/ http://blogs.ubc.ca/nicholasyu] <br />
* Rida Hayat <nowiki>http://blogs.ubc.ca/grsj300rida/</nowiki> <br />
* Arthur Woo [http://blogs.ubc.ca/arthurwoo/2019/10/16/arthur-woos-culture-jam-assignment/ http://blogs.ubc.ca/arthurwoo/] <br />
* Diana Kamau http://blogs.ubc.ca/dianakamau/ <br />
* Jacqueline Tung http://blogs.ubc.ca/jacquelinetgrsj300/ <br />
* Sharon Michaeli https://blogs.ubc.ca/sharonmichaeli/ <br />
* Faye Chaisang https://blogs.ubc.ca/fayechaisang <br />
* Jessica Pumilia http://blogs.ubc.ca/jessicapgrsj300/ <br />
* Ziyi Chen http://blogs.ubc.ca/ziyichen1997/ <br />
* Olivia Reid http://blogs.ubc.ca/oliviareid/ <br />
* Mah-dir Sheikh http://blogs.ubc.ca/mshake/ <br />
* Esther Choi http://blogs.ubc.ca/estherchoi <br />
* Emilee Black http://blogs.ubc.ca/emileeblack/2019/10/17/grsj-300-culture-jam/ <br />
* Wendy Tso http://blogs.ubc.ca/wendytso/culturejam/ <br />
* Sasha Forster https://blogs.ubc.ca/sashaforstergrsj300/ <br />
* Elad Michaeli https://blogs.ubc.ca/eladmichaeligrsj300/ <br />
* Sarah Morse https://blogs.ubc.ca/srhmorse/ <br />
* Andrew Lee https://blogs.ubc.ca/andreweunsuklee/ <br />
* Ritual Khanna https://blogs.ubc.ca/ritualkhannagrsj300/ <br />
* Naomi Khan http://blogs.ubc.ca/naomikhan <br />
* Palvi Sandhar http://blogs.ubc.ca/palvisandhar/ <br />
* Vahid Golchin http://blogs.ubc.ca/vahidgolchin/2019/10/17/grsj-300-culture-jam-assignment/ <br />
* Yuhan Hu <nowiki>http://blogs.ubc.ca/yuhanhu/2019/10/17/grsj-300-cultural-jam-assignment-yuhan-hu/</nowiki>[http://blogs.ubc.ca/yuhanhu/2019/10/17/grsj-300-cultural-jam-assignment-yuhan-hu/] <br />
* Jenny Hsiao http://blogs.ubc.ca/jennyhsiaogrsj300/2019/10/18/cultural-jam-assignment/ <br />
* Gabriel Santa Maria [https://blogs.ubc.ca/gabesantamaria/ http://blogs.ubc.ca/gabesantamaria] <br />
* Anna Kihara <nowiki>https://blogs.ubc.ca/annakihara/2019/10/18/culturejam/</nowiki>[https://blogs.ubc.ca/annakihara/2019/10/18/culturejam/] <br />
* Stephanie Mah http://blogs.ubc.ca/svmah/ <br />
* Sabrina Parker <nowiki>http://blogs.ubc.ca/sabrinaparker/2019/10/16/grsj-300-culture-jam-assignment/</nowiki> <br />
* Gurmanpreet Sidhu http://blogs.ubc.ca/gurmanpreetsidhu/ <br />
* Arandip Thandi <nowiki>http://blogs.ubc.ca/arandipthandi/2019/10/18/grsj-300-culture-jam-assignment/</nowiki> <br />
* Jillian Tan <nowiki>http://blogs.ubc.ca/jilliantan9/</nowiki> <br />
* Kavya Balajepalli https://blogs.ubc.ca/kavyabalajepalli/2019/10/18/kavyas-culture-jam/ <br />
* Sammi Wong http://blogs.ubc.ca/sammiiw/ <br />
* Adeline Nejaty http://blogs.ubc.ca/adelinenejaty/ <br />
* Silvia Zhang http://blogs.ubc.ca/szhangg/ <br />
* Haolin Wu <nowiki>http://blogs.ubc.ca/hwusblog/</nowiki> <br />
* Teresa Xu [[GRSJ300IndiaWhiteness]] <br />
* Kyra Loat https://blogs.ubc.ca/kyraloat/ <br />
* Niloufar Vahid-Massoudi https://blogs.ubc.ca/niloufarvahidmassoudi/ <br />
* Maggie Lei [[GRSJ300MaggieLei]] <br />
* Iris Zhang http://blogs.ubc.ca/iriszhang <br />
* Aayush Nanda [http://blogs.ubc.ca/aayushnanda/ http://blogs.ubc.ca/aayushnanda] <br />
* Aarani Uthayakumar https://blogs.ubc.ca/aaraniuthayakumargrsj300/ <br />
* Mohamed Mohamoud http://blogs.ubc.ca/mohamedmohamoud/2019/10/18/grsj-300-culture-jam/ <br />
* Frondia Hsu <nowiki>https://blogs.ubc.ca/frondiahsu/2019/10/19/culture-jam/</nowiki>[http://blogs.ubc.ca/frondiahsu/2019/10/19/culture-jam/] <br />
* Avery Wong http://blogs.ubc.ca/averywong/nivea-has-the-key-a-grsj-300-culture-jam-assignment/ <br />
* Haoran Chen https://blogs.ubc.ca/grsj300haoranchen/2019/10/23/culture-jam-assignment/ <br />
* <br />
=== 2019SA-GRSJ300-98A (Instructor: Dr. Delia Douglas) ===<br />
* Obi Udevi http://blogs.ubc.ca/obiudevi/ <br />
* Jason Roberts http://blogs.ubc.ca/jasonroberts/[http://blogs.ubc.ca/jasonroberts/] <br />
* Xiaowei He http://blogs.ubc.ca/xiaowe/2019/06/28/the-ideologies-in-popular-media-marketing-that-impact-women-images/ <br />
* Hyunbee (Christy) Kim http://blogs.ubc.ca/hyunbeekim/ <br />
* Qianyu Liu http://blogs.ubc.ca/sherieliu/ <br />
* Grace Luong http://blogs.ubc.ca/graceluong/<br />
* Sarah Adrian [http://blogs.ubc.ca/sarahadrain1 http://blogs.ubc.ca/sarahadrain1/sample-page/] <br />
* Bushra Durrani http://blogs.ubc.ca/durrani/ <br />
* Brennen Chiu http://blogs.ubc.ca/brennenchiu/ <br />
* Justen Lee http://blogs.ubc.ca/justenleeyikai/ <br />
* Julian Yibin Lee https://blogs.ubc.ca/julianlee/grsj-300-culture-jam-assignment/ <br />
* Tage Sengara http://blogs.ubc.ca/tsengara/ <br />
* Meagan Chow http://blogs.ubc.ca/meaganchow/2019/06/26/tom-ford-culture-jam/ <br />
* Michelle Chan http://blogs.ubc.ca/mcchangrsj300<br />
* Indiana Joel http://blogs.ubc.ca/indianajoelculturejam/ <br />
* Sarah Miller [http://blogs.ubc.ca/blogsbysarahgrsj300/ https://blogs.ubc.ca/blogsbysarahgrsj300/] <br />
* Lucia Zhang https://blogs.ubc.ca/grsj300luciazhang/ <br />
* Elvin Hwang https://blogs.ubc.ca/elvinhwang/ <br />
* David Liu https://blogs.ubc.ca/davvyliu/culture-jam-assignment/ <br />
* Jotpal Singh http://blogs.ubc.ca/jotpalsingh/ <br />
* Hiresh Gindwani http://blogs.ubc.ca/hireshgrsj300/ <br />
* Megan Geiger http://blogs.ubc.ca/megangeiger/ <br />
* Daniella Filer http://blogs.ubc.ca/daniellafiler/ <br />
* Karla Jubaily http://blogs.ubc.ca/karlajubaily/ <br />
* Bailey Kaye https://blogs.ubc.ca/baileykaye/ <br />
* Su Yearn Jeong http://blogs.ubc.ca/jsuyearn <br />
* Vickie Yen http://blogs.ubc.ca/vickieyen <br />
* Nicole Park http://blogs.ubc.ca/npark/ <br />
* Pam Denchev http://blogs.ubc.ca/pamdenchev/ <br />
* Tony Kong http://blogs.ubc.ca/tonykong/ <br />
* Qianyu Liu http://blogs.ubc.ca/sherieliu/<br />
* Ashley Ng Mon http://blogs.ubc.ca/ashleyngmon/<br />
* Trevor Gray http://blogs.ubc.ca/grsj300trevorgray/<br />
* Ema Zizic http://blogs.ubc.ca/emazgrsj300/<br />
* Siena Charron http://blogs.ubc.ca/sienacharrongrsj300 <br />
* Sophia Nguyen http://blogs.ubc.ca/nguyens/ <br />
* Yongjia Lyu http://blogs.ubc.ca/lyuyongjia <br />
* Kim-Sa Ngo http://blogs.ubc.ca/kimsango/ <br />
* Tiffany Pun http://blogs.ubc.ca/tiffanypun/ <br />
* Greg Hutchins http://blogs.ubc.ca/greghutchins/2019/06/27/jam-crazier/ <br />
* Tiare Brea https://blogs.ubc.ca/tiarebrea <br />
* Luqi Gong http://blogs.ubc.ca/luqigong/ <br />
* Jaymyn La Vallee http://blogs.ubc.ca/jaymynlavallee/ <br />
* Selina Yamagishi Letargua <nowiki>http://blogs.ubc.ca/selinayl/2019/06/27/culture-jam-assignment/</nowiki> <br />
* Alyssa Morgan http://blogs.ubc.ca/alyssamorgan <br />
* Jingyi Liu http://blogs.ubc.ca/jingyiliu/2019/06/27/grsj300-ad-jam-bacardi/ <br />
* Leanna Chow https://blogs.ubc.ca/leannakodamachow/ <br />
* Jorden Hendry http://blogs.ubc.ca/jordenhendry/ <br />
* Victoria Koong http://blogs.ubc.ca/vickoong/ <br />
* Sneha Danda https://blogs.ubc.ca/snehadandagrsj300culturejam/ <br />
* Siddharth Birla https://blogs.ubc.ca/siddharthbirla/ <br />
* Tsaqif Muhartono http://blogs.ubc.ca/tsaqifmuhartono/ <br />
* Jacqueline (Xinyu) Ou http://blogs.ubc.ca/jacquelineousculturaljamblog/2019/06/28/american-apparel-equal-opportunity-exploiter/ <br />
* Cora Tam <nowiki>http://blogs.ubc.ca/coratam/2019/06/28/culture-jam/</nowiki> <br />
* Tianna Grosse http://blogs.ubc.ca/tiannagrosse/ <br />
* Théo Van Vugt http://blogs.ubc.ca/theovanvugt/ <br />
* Kayla Meeking http://blogs.ubc.ca/kaylameeking/ <br />
* Pragati Tiwari http://blogs.ubc.ca/grsj300culturaljamassignmentpragati/2019/06/28/say-no-to-noise-pollution/] <br />
* Adrienne Ahn https://blogs.ubc.ca/aahn/ <br />
* Yang Zhang http://blogs.ubc.ca/yangzhangblog/2019/06/28/gildan-hides-human-rights-abuses-behind-politically-correct-advertising/ <br />
* Shalyce Krepps [http://blogs.ubc.ca/shalycekrepps/2018WC http://blogs.ubc.ca/shalycekrepps/] <br />
* Sheila Syarif https://blogs.ubc.ca/sheilasyarif/ <br />
* Noor Anwar http://blogs.ubc.ca/nooranwar/ <br />
* <br />
<br />
<br />
=== 2018WC-GRSJ300-99C (Instructor: Dr. Anika Stafford) ===<br />
* Shalyce Krepps http://blogs.ubc.ca/shalycekrepps/<br />
* Honggun Chen http://blogs.ubc.ca/honggunchen/<br />
* Joey Lim https://blogs.ubc.ca/joeylim/<br />
* Eduardo Hernandez-Vieira http://blogs.ubc.ca/eddyhernandez<br />
* Maria Zoria https://blogs.ubc.ca/mariazoria/ <br />
* Fan Wang http://blogs.ubc.ca/fanwang/2019/02/15/3/ <br />
* Asahi Ng http://blogs.ubc.ca/asahing/<br />
* Julia Bendtsen https://blogs.ubc.ca/grsjbendtsen/<br />
* Rachel Nishi http://blogs.ubc.ca/rachelnishi<br />
* Zoë Hodder http://blogs.ubc.ca/zoehodder/ <br />
* Erica Nangle http://blogs.ubc.ca/ericanangle<br />
* Jude Shamsi http://blogs.ubc.ca/judeshamsi/<br />
* Sally Bagk http://blogs.ubc.ca/sallybagkgrsj300<br />
* Mason Lee https://blogs.ubc.ca/masonlee/<br />
* Mikha Syyong https://blogs.ubc.ca/mikhasyyong/ <br />
* Paige Sonmor https://blogs.ubc.ca/paigesonmor <br />
* Hannah Becker http://blogs.ubc.ca/grsj300hannahbecker/ <br />
* William Poon http://blogs.ubc.ca/williampoon <br />
* Emily Irvine http://blogs.ubc.ca/emilyirvineculturejam/2019/02/09/emily-irvine-grsj-300-culture-jam-assignment-2019/ <br />
* Stefano Gomes https://blogs.ubc.ca/stefanogomesgrsj/2019/02/09/stefano-gomes-culture-jam-assignment-grsj-300/<br />
* Patrisse Chan https://blogs.ubc.ca/grsj300patrissechan/ <br />
* Tanya Motani http://blogs.ubc.ca/tanyamotani/2019/02/10/grsj-30099c-culture-jam-assignment/ <br />
* Rebecca Coleman http://blogs.ubc.ca/grsjrebeccacoleman/ <br />
* Sarina Chen http://blogs.ubc.ca/schen/ <br />
* Meghan Cavers http://blogs.ubc.ca/meghancaversgrsj300/ <br />
* Stanley Ye http://blogs.ubc.ca/stanleyy/ <br />
* Eva Daude http://blogs.ubc.ca/evadaude/ <br />
* Ken Chan [https://blogs.ubc.ca/kenchan/ http://blogs.ubc.ca/kenchan/] <br />
* Qi Zheng https://blogs.ubc.ca/qizheng/2019/02/15/culture-jam-piece-of-work/ <br />
* Maria Maskall http://blogs.ubc.ca/mariamaskall <br />
* Amrita Basi http://blogs.ubc.ca/amritab/ <br />
* Brynn La Croix http://blogs.ubc.ca/brynnlacroix/ <br />
* Morgan Saelens http://blogs.ubc.ca/msae/ <br />
* Jasleen Beesla [http://blogs.ubc.ca/jasleenbeesla/ https://blogs.ubc.ca/jasleenbeesla/] <br />
* Yuanyuan Liu https://blogs.ubc.ca/yuanyuangrsj300/ <br />
* Xian Chang http://blogs.ubc.ca/xianchang/ <br />
* Julio Fernandus http://blogs.ubc.ca/juliofernandus/2019/02/13/smoking-is-cool/ <br />
* Kiana Lalonde http://blogs.ubc.ca/kianalalonde <br />
* Nikki Licauco http://blogs.ubc.ca/grsj300nikkilicauco/ <br />
* Vicky Wang http://blogs.ubc.ca/vickywang <br />
* Eric Kim http://blogs.ubc.ca/chanerickim/ <br />
* Aaron Wong https://blogs.ubc.ca/aaronwong227/ <br />
* Nicole Jang https://blogs.ubc.ca/portfolionicole/category/grsj-300/ <br />
* Gabriel Chin ''http://blogs.ubc.ca/gabrielchin/'' <br />
* Nicole Propp http://blogs.ubc.ca/nicolepropp/2019/02/14/culturejam/ <br />
* Olivia Renshaw http://blogs.ubc.ca/oliviar1/ <br />
* Shannon Benson http://blogs.ubc.ca/sbenson7/ <br />
* Julian Hui http://blogs.ubc.ca/jhuigrsj300/ <br />
* Karn Sangha http://blogs.ubc.ca/karn <br />
* Anna Lake-Voros http://blogs.ubc.ca/annalakevoros/ <br />
* Valerie Meng http://blogs.ubc.ca/valm/ <br />
* Bailey Dagg http://blogs.ubc.ca/baidagg/ <br />
* Amir Khan http://blogs.ubc.ca/amirkhan/2019/02/15/grsj-300-culture-jam/ <br />
* Reneet Dhillon http://blogs.ubc.ca/reneetdhillon/marketing-whiteness/ <br />
* Nivedha Raveinthiranathan https://blogs.ubc.ca/nivedharavi/ <br />
* Julia Glassman http://blogs.ubc.ca/juliaglassman/ <br />
* Jed Fernando http://blogs.ubc.ca/jed12/ <br />
* Sofia Cabaj-Guerra https://blogs.ubc.ca/grsj307sofiacabajguerra/ <br />
* Juehee Kim http://blogs.ubc.ca/jueheekim/ <br />
* Colleen Rideout http://blogs.ubc.ca/colleenrideout/ <br />
* Alexander Jimenez http://blogs.ubc.ca/alexejim/ <br />
* Eden Katz https://blogs.ubc.ca/edenlk/ <br />
* Amanda Mason http://blogs.ubc.ca/amandamason/ <br />
* Saleh Ismail https://blogs.ubc.ca/salehismail/ <br />
* Hani Ajdari http://blogs.ubc.ca/haniajdari/ <br />
* John Zhang https://blogs.ubc.ca/culturejam/2019/02/15/culture-jam-assignment/ <br />
* Courtney Okell http://blogs.ubc.ca/courtneykell/2019/02/15/hello-world/ <br />
* Lynn Momprevil http://blogs.ubc.ca/lynnmompculturejam/ <br />
* Sydney Lowe http://blogs.ubc.ca/sydlowe/ <br />
* Haley McInnes <nowiki>http://blogs.ubc.ca/haleymcinnes/</nowiki> <br />
* Catherine Mackenzie http://blogs.ubc.ca/catemackenziegrsj300jam/grsj-300-culture-jam/ <br />
* Farhaan Khan http://blogs.ubc.ca/farhaankhan/ <br />
* Shakti Ramkumar http://blogs.ubc.ca/shaktiramkumar <br />
* Bianca Subion http://blogs.ubc.ca/biancasubion/2019/02/20/woke/ <br />
* Jianmei Zhou http://blogs.ubc.ca/jianmeizhou/ <br />
<br />
=== 2018WA-GRSJ300-99A (Instructor: Dr. Christopher Shelley)===<br />
* Nora Billingsley http://blogs.ubc.ca/norabillingsley<br />
* Jiamin Dai http://blogs.ubc.ca/jiamindai/2018/10/19/whiteness-in-advertisement/ <br />
* Xiran Cai https://blogs.ubc.ca/xirancai/wp-admin/index.php https://blogs.ubc.ca/xirancai/ <br />
* Yunhan Liu http://blogs.ubc.ca/yunhanliu/2018/10/18/official-moisturizer-of-the-alt-right/ <br />
*Ellen Wu http://blogs.ubc.ca/ellenwu/<br />
*Jessica Margovskiy http://blogs.ubc.ca/jessicamargovskiy/grsj-projects/culture-jamming-assignment/<br />
*Yeska Marois http://blogs.ubc.ca/yeskamarois/<br />
*HaEun Koo https://blogs.ubc.ca/haeunkoo/<br />
*Matthew Ho http://blogs.ubc.ca/homatthew/2018/10/04/culture-jam-mj-youth/<br />
*Jamie Cabigas http://blogs.ubc.ca/jcabigas/<br />
*Michael Kolasa http://blogs.ubc.ca/michaeljkolasa/<br />
*Dian Chi http://blogs.ubc.ca/destachi/<br />
*Barbara Dobes [https://blogs.ubc.ca/barbaragrsj300/ http://blogs.ubc.ca/barbaragrsj300/]<br />
*Divya Booluck http://blogs.ubc.ca/divyabooluck/<br />
*Rachel Sargeant http://blogs.ubc.ca/rsargeant/<br />
*Aryana Ashrafi http://blogs.ubc.ca/aryana/<br />
*Glenda Cheung http://blogs.ubc.ca/glendacheung/ <br />
*Maggie Wong http://blogs.ubc.ca/maggiewong/ <br />
*Jonathan Wu http://blogs.ubc.ca/jonathanwugrsj/ <br />
*Sandy Yen http://blogs.ubc.ca/sandyen52/ <br />
*Tony Sing Chau Ng http://blogs.ubc.ca/tonysingchaung/ <br />
*Cassidy Fergus http://blogs.ubc.ca/fergusca/ <br />
*Mi Chun Hsieh (Michelle) https://blogs.ubc.ca/michunhsieh <br />
*Ashley Reddy http://blogs.ubc.ca/ashreddy/ <br />
*Valeriia Stobetskaia http://blogs.ubc.ca/valeriestobetskaiagrsj3002018culturejam/sample-page/ <br />
*Ashley Loi http://blogs.ubc.ca/ashleyloigrsj300/ <br />
*Animisha Parmar http://blogs.ubc.ca/animishaparmargrsj300/ <br />
*Alyson Char http://blogs.ubc.ca/portfolioaly/ <br />
*Lourdes Valdes http://blogs.ubc.ca/lourdesvaldes/ <br />
*Mahsa Radvar http://blogs.ubc.ca/mahsaradvar/ <br />
*Brandon Kondolay http://blogs.ubc.ca/brandonkondolay/ <br />
*Monyca Dhaliwal http://blogs.ubc.ca/monycadhaliwal/ <br />
*April (Eun Ah) Choi http://blogs.ubc.ca/aprilchoi/ <br />
*Kofi Buahin http://blogs.ubc.ca/kofibuahin/ <br />
*April Zhong https://blogs.ubc.ca/aprilzhong/ <br />
*Patricia Tjahjadi http://blogs.ubc.ca/patriciatjahjadi/2018/10/19/cultural-jam-assignment-nars/ <br />
*Alyssa Hirose https://blogs.ubc.ca/alyssahirose/ <br />
*Mika Hui http://blogs.ubc.ca/mikahui/ <br />
*Catarina Toth http://blogs.ubc.ca/catarinatoth/2018/10/19/culture-jam-assignment/ <br />
*Jinghan Yan https://blogs.ubc.ca/grsj300jinghanyan/2018/10/19/grsj300culturaljam/ <br />
*Shea McConkey http://blogs.ubc.ca/sheakathleenmcconkey/ <br />
*Austin (Zheng) Zhou https://blogs.ubc.ca/austinzhouubc/2018/10/19/grsj-300-cultural-jam-assignment/ <br />
*Avril (Mu) Li http://blogs.ubc.ca/avrilligrsj300/ <br />
*Tanaz Pourkaram http://blogs.ubc.ca/tanazpourkaram/ <br />
*Kristi Chow http://blogs.ubc.ca/kristichow/ <br />
*Kevin (Hyunjin) Nha http://blogs.ubc.ca/kevinnha/ <br />
*Paris Will http://blogs.ubc.ca/pariswill<br />
*Jessica Chen http://blogs.ubc.ca/jessicachengrsj/<br />
*Laura Beaudry https://blogs.ubc.ca/lbeaudrygrsj300<br />
*Jessica Li http://blogs.ubc.ca/grsj300jesslli/ <br />
*Geyu Zhou https://blogs.ubc.ca/geyuzhou/2018/10/19/grsj-300-cultural-jam-assignment-_-geyu-zhou/ <br />
*Clare Jung http://blogs.ubc.ca/clarejunggrsj/ <br />
*Brylle Navea https://blogs.ubc.ca/bryllenavea/ <br />
*Gabrielle Vaillancourt Ehling http://blogs.ubc.ca/gabriellevaillancourtehling/ <br />
*Edie Ye http://blogs.ubc.ca/edieye/ <br />
*Sophia Valsamis http://blogs.ubc.ca/sophia5eportfolio/2018/10/19/culture-jam-assignment/ <br />
*Johnathan Tam http://blogs.ubc.ca/johnathantam/ <br />
*Erin Christensen http://blogs.ubc.ca/grsj300culturejammingerinchristensen/ <br />
*Jenny Chen https://blogs.ubc.ca/grsj300culturejamjennychen/2018/10/19/jenny-chen-bic-ad/ <br />
*Genevieve Gatus http://blogs.ubc.ca/genevievegatus <br />
*Pavraj (Raj) Jhally http://blogs.ubc.ca/pavrajjhally <br />
*Carman Liang http://blogs.ubc.ca/carmanliang/2018/10/19/culturejam/ <br />
*Nora Billingsley [http://blogs.ubc.ca/norabillingsley/2018/10/19/culturejam http://blogs.ubc.ca/norabillingsley] <br />
*David Xu http://blogs.ubc.ca/davidxu/2018/10/19/grsj300-culture-jam-assignment/<br />
*Ian Chan https://blogs.ubc.ca/ichan<br />
*Hillary Mo http://blogs.ubc.ca/hillarymo/<br />
*Siera Stonechild http://blogs.ubc.ca/sierastonechild/grsj-assignment-1/ <br />
*Mathieu Motard https://blogs.ubc.ca/mathieumotard/2018/10/19/culture-jamming-assignment/ <br />
*Cecilia Dabare http://blogs.ubc.ca/ceciliadabare/2018/10/20/culture-jam-lighter-is-beautiful/ <br />
*Beenish Fatima http://blogs.ubc.ca/beenscjm/2018/10/20/selling-sexual-assault/ <br />
*Vincent Wang http://blogs.ubc.ca/vincentwang/ <br />
*Amber Sekhon http://blogs.ubc.ca/ambersek/ <br />
* <br />
*<br />
*<br />
*<br />
<br />
=== 2018SA-GRSJ300-98A (Instructor: Dr. Manjeet Birk) ===<br />
<br />
*Lukas Domingo http://blogs.ubc.ca/lukasdomingogrsj300/<br />
*Maxine Jackson https://blogs.ubc.ca/maxinejackson/homepage/<br />
*Komal Mudher http://blogs.ubc.ca/komalmudhergrsj300/<br />
*Joseph Augusto http://blogs.ubc.ca/josephgrsj300/<br />
*Kat Kott http://blogs.ubc.ca/katkott/<br />
*Brendon Wong http://blogs.ubc.ca/brendonwong/<br />
*Rayna Ellis http://blogs.ubc.ca/raynaellis<br />
*Jun Hyung Park http://blogs.ubc.ca/junhyungpark/<br />
*Briana Matienzo http://blogs.ubc.ca/brimtnz<br />
*Yei Young Lee http://blogs.ubc.ca/glorialee<br />
*Esther Chan https://blogs.ubc.ca/estherchan<br />
*Angela J. Warren https://blogs.ubc.ca/angelajwarren<br />
*Hanna Jarrett http://blogs.ubc.ca/hannajarrett/<br />
*Jia Hwang http://blogs.ubc.ca/jiahwang/<br />
*Mike Lee http://blogs.ubc.ca/mikelee/<br />
*Arielle Sadaka http://blogs.ubc.ca/ariellesadaka<br />
*Jenny Zhang http://blogs.ubc.ca/jennyzhang/<br />
*Chelsea Bean http://blogs.ubc.ca/chelseabean<br />
*Veronica Cho http://blogs.ubc.ca/thinkingender<br />
*Sophia Harvey http://blogs.ubc.ca/sophiaharvey/<br />
*Emma Tuson http://blogs.ubc.ca/grsj300emmatusonculturejam/<br />
*Miranda Lambert http://blogs.ubc.ca/mirandaelambert/<br />
*Bhagya Suresh Nair http://blogs.ubc.ca/bhagyasuresh/grsj300/<br />
*Chelsea Gladstone https://blogs.ubc.ca/chelseagladstone/2018/06/29/roots-be-nice-culture-jam/<br />
*Jayvee Ong http://blogs.ubc.ca/jayveeong<br />
*Marco Yip http://blogs.ubc.ca/myip1<br />
*Joseph Kuma-Mintah http://blogs.ubc.ca/joekumagrsj300/<br />
* Giselle Hidalgo http://blogs.ubc.ca/gisellehidalgo/<br />
*Samantha Lee-Wardell http://blogs.ubc.ca/samanthalw/<br />
* Sandra Lin https://blogs.ubc.ca/sandralingrsj300/<br />
*Michelle Chua https://blogs.ubc.ca/michellechua/<br />
*Sophia Pashchenko http://blogs.ubc.ca/sophiapashchenko/<br />
*Hailey Lock https://blogs.ubc.ca/haileylock/<br />
*Mina Motohashi https://blogs.ubc.ca/minamotohashi<br />
*Samantha Yip https://blogs.ubc.ca/samanthayip/<br />
*Eleanor Yang http://blogs.ubc.ca/eleanoryang/2018/06/27/culture-jam/<br />
*Stephanie Erickson http://blogs.ubc.ca/grsj300culturejamming/2018/06/28/grsj-300-culture-jamming-assignment/<br />
*Yuka Oshimi http://blogs.ubc.ca/yukaoshimi/<br />
*Jennifer Deol http://blogs.ubc.ca/jenniferdeol/ <br />
*Mayu Choi http://blogs.ubc.ca/mayujinyoo/<br />
*Moira Wyton https://blogs.ubc.ca/moirawyton/<br />
*Khadija Ahmed http://blogs.ubc.ca/khadijaahmed<br />
*Madison Friesen http://blogs.ubc.ca/madisonfriesen<br />
*Hannah Choi http://blogs.ubc.ca/hannahc/<br />
* Simran Grewal http://blogs.ubc.ca/simrangrewal/2018/06/29/original-ad-got-milk/<br /><br />
*Elaine Lai http://blogs.ubc.ca/elainelai\<br />
*Jimmy Mo http://blogs.ubc.ca/grsj300jimmymobacardi/2018/06/29/bacardi-ad-culture-jam/ <br />
*Terri Anderson http://blogs.ubc.ca/terrianderson<br />
*Lucy Clarkson http://blogs.ubc.ca/situationalcomedy/<br />
*Shay Lace http://blogs.ubc.ca/shaylace<br />
*Cynthia Lin https://blogs.ubc.ca/grsj300culturejamcynthia/2018/06/29/whiteness-cult-exported/<br />
*Paige Lougheed http://blogs.ubc.ca/paigelougheedgrsj300culturejamassignment/ <br />
*Laura Ward http://blogs.ubc.ca/laurawardgrsj300<br />
*Regina Adshade Moore http://blogs.ubc.ca/grsj300culturejammingregina/<br />
*Peter Siemens http://blogs.ubc.ca/psiemens/<br />
*Muska Safi http://blogs.ubc.ca/muskasafi/<br />
*Erin Grace http://blogs.ubc.ca/eringracegrsj/2018/06/28/culture-jam/<br />
*Madeline Devitt http://blogs.ubc.ca/maddydevitt/<br />
*Casey Chun http://blogs.ubc.ca/caseygrsj300/<br />
*Cassandra Vilgrain http://blogs.ubc.ca/cassandravilgrain/culture-jam-smart-water/<br />
*Sophia Magana Segovia http://blogs.ubc.ca/sophiamaganasegovia/<br />
*Jessica Li <br />
<br />
=== 2017WC-GRSJ300-99C (Instructor: Dr. Manjeet Birk)===<br />
*Wemi Ade http://blogs.ubc.ca/wemiade/<br />
*Erin Waterman https://blogs.ubc.ca/erinwaterman/<br />
*Danielle Ray http://blogs.ubc.ca/danielleray/<br />
*Yingjun Ruan http://blogs.ubc.ca/yingjunruan/2018/02/16/gender-stereotyping/<br />
*Philip Chan http://blogs.ubc.ca/philipchan/<br />
*Hanna Peterson http://blogs.ubc.ca/hannapetersonculturejam/<br />
*Laura Chenciner http://blogs.ubc.ca/lchenciner/<br />
*Sujeong Yang http://blogs.ubc.ca/emilyyangsj/<br />
*Noah Heyl http://blogs.ubc.ca/falkirks/<br />
*Megan Cordoba http://blogs.ubc.ca/megancordoba/<br />
*Harleen Kandola http://blogs.ubc.ca/harleenkandola/<br />
*Jeanie Lam http://blogs.ubc.ca/grsj300jeanie/<br />
*Vanessa Yamamoto http://blogs.ubc.ca/vanessayamamoto/<br />
*Baylee Landymore http://blogs.ubc.ca/grsj300baylee/<br />
*Miley Leong http://blogs.ubc.ca/mileyl/<br />
*Melissa Malo http://blogs.ubc.ca/melissamalo/<br />
*Shawna Narayan http://blogs.ubc.ca/shawnanarayan/<br />
*Lauren Migrino http://blogs.ubc.ca/laurenmigrino/<br />
*Nimrit Toor http://blogs.ubc.ca/nimrittoor/<br />
*Ashley Artuso http://blogs.ubc.ca/ashleyartuso/<br />
*Shali Tayebi https://blogs.ubc.ca/shalitayebi/<br />
* Shali Tayebi (new) http://blogs.ubc.ca/shalitayebi/2018/03/06/culture-jam-assignment-2/<br />
*Dayler Chua https://blogs.ubc.ca/daylerchua/<br />
*Nathan Chan https://blogs.ubc.ca/nathanchan/<br />
*Genevieve Moum http://blogs.ubc.ca/genevievemoum/<br />
*Jen Rogers http://blogs.ubc.ca/jenrogersgrsj300/ <br />
*Virginia Ly http://blogs.ubc.ca/virginialy/<br />
*Claire Wanhella http://blogs.ubc.ca/clairewanhella/ <br />
*Akira Rattan http://blogs.ubc.ca/akirarattan/<br />
*Bernice Liu http://blogs.ubc.ca/berniceliu/<br />
*Eric Yue http://blogs.ubc.ca/ericyue2018/<br />
*Esther Lee http://blogs.ubc.ca/estherleecja<br />
*Siena Bogatin http://blogs.ubc.ca/sienabogatin<br />
*Nurhian Dulay http://blogs.ubc.ca/nurhiand/<br />
*Joeveen Dhari http://blogs.ubc.ca/joeveendhari<br />
*Ava Daeipour http://blogs.ubc.ca/avadaeipour/<br />
*Clement Orbasido http://blogs.ubc.ca/corbasido/<br />
*Megan Leong http://blogs.ubc.ca/meganleong/<br />
*Sabrina Dhalla http://blogs.ubc.ca/sabrinadhalla/<br />
*Jimena Salinas http://blogs.ubc.ca/jimenasalinas/<br />
*Sarah Quinones http://blogs.ubc.ca/sarahquinones/<br />
*Hannah Moug http://blogs.ubc.ca/hannahmoug2/<br />
*Jackie Tong http://blogs.ubc.ca/jackietong/<br />
*Aayza Asim http://blogs.ubc.ca/aayzaasim/<br />
*Taehan Kim http://blogs.ubc.ca/taehankim<br />
*Aaron Ng http://blogs.ubc.ca/aaronngg/<br />
*Kevin Dong http://blogs.ubc.ca/kevindong/2018/02/16/7/ <br />
*Sonia Khan http://blogs.ubc.ca/soniakhan<br />
*Elizabeth Garvie http://blogs.ubc.ca/elizabethgarvie <br />
*Abigail Aguilar http://blogs.ubc.ca/abigailaguilar/2018/02/16/culture-jam-assignment/<br />
*Vikram Sandhu http://blogs.ubc.ca/vikramsandhu/<br />
*Evan Chen https://blogs.ubc.ca/evanchen/2018/02/12/culture-jam-assignment/ <br />
*Justine Bearss http://blogs.ubc.ca/justinebearssgrsj/<br />
*Lenard Tabakman http://blogs.ubc.ca/lenardtabakman/<br />
*Sandy (Chushan) Lin http://blogs.ubc.ca/sandylingrsj300/2018/02/16/sky-vodka-ad/ <br />
*Jung Hoon Chrysen Park http://blogs.ubc.ca/chrysenpark/<br />
*Katrina Zelko http://blogs.ubc.ca/kzelko<br />
* [Jessica] Aylward] http://blogs.ubc.ca/jessicaaylward/2018/02/16/cultural-jam-assignment/<br />
*Jessica Jannicia Winata http://blogs.ubc.ca/jessicawinata/2018/02/16/cultural-jam-assignment/<br />
* Tao Tao (Allison) Lin http://blogs.ubc.ca/alisonlin/2018/02/16/grsj300-beach-body-jam/<br />
*Meijing Zhu http://blogs.ubc.ca/meijingzhu/2018/02/16/grsj300-culture-jam-ad/<br />
*Hyerin Lee http://blogs.ubc.ca/hyerinlee/2018/02/16/culture-jam-assignment/<br />
*Kate Stephen-Tammuz https://blogs.ubc.ca/katestephentammuz/<br />
*Sasha Xu http://blogs.ubc.ca/sashaxu<br />
*Alireza Ameri http://blogs.ubc.ca/ameri/<br />
*Jocelyn Ng https://blogs.ubc.ca/jocelynng<br />
*Vinu Samarasekera http://blogs.ubc.ca/vinusamarasekera/2018/02/24/cultural-jam-assignment/<br />
*Christine Yap http://blogs.ubc.ca/cyap2018/<br />
*Rowan Harris http://blogs.ubc.ca/rowanharris300grsj/<br />
* Meredith Bogle (Lucy) https://blogs.ubc.ca/grsj300lucybogle/<br />
<br />
<br />
=== 2017WA-GRSJ300-99A (Instructor: Dr. Chris Shelley)===<br />
*Nellie Gossen http://blogs.ubc.ca/nelliegossen/culturejamming/<br />
*Angie Gregson https://blogs.ubc.ca/angiegregson/<br />
*Celina Chow http://blogs.ubc.ca/celinachow/<br />
*Sauna Singh http://blogs.ubc.ca/saunasingh/<br />
*Pam Choi http://blogs.ubc.ca/pychoigrsj/<br />
*Alana Guidry http://blogs.ubc.ca/alanaguidry/<br />
*Lama Al-Awawdeh http://blogs.ubc.ca/grsj300la/<br />
*La'Vere Corbin-Ong http://blogs.ubc.ca/laverecorbinong<br />
*Jessica Fletcher http://blogs.ubc.ca/jessicamariefletcher/<br />
*Raman Kainth http://blogs.ubc.ca/culturejamming/<br />
*Lindsay Peloquin http://blogs.ubc.ca/lindsaypeloquin/<br />
*Leanne Rachid https://blogs.ubc.ca/leannerachid/?p=6<br />
*Amy Wang http://blogs.ubc.ca/amywang82<br />
*Ricki Reay http://blogs.ubc.ca/rreaygrsj300/<br />
*Bryn Shaffer http://blogs.ubc.ca/brynshaffer/<br />
*Clare Hawthorne http://blogs.ubc.ca/clarehawthorne/<br />
*Neysa Fernanda http://blogs.ubc.ca/fernandaneysa<br />
* Mariah Franzmann http://blogs.ubc.ca/mariahfranzmann/<br />
* Cassidy Clements http://blogs.ubc.ca/cassidyclements/<br />
* Michelle Kwan http://blogs.ubc.ca/michellekwan<br />
* Jeffrey Leung http://blogs.ubc.ca/jeffreyleung1/<br />
* Louisa Ledesma http://blogs.ubc.ca/louisaledesma/<br />
* Melissa Springenatic http://blogs.ubc.ca/melissaspringenatic <br />
* Tina Saniee http://blogs.ubc.ca/tinasaniee2<br />
* Connie Ho http://blogs.ubc.ca/connieho15<br />
* Emily-Rose Bonthoux http://blogs.ubc.ca/emilyrosebonthoux/<br />
* Ashley Juana http://blogs.ubc.ca/ashleyfjuana/<br />
* Manjinder Sihota http://blogs.ubc.ca/manjinderks/<br />
* Laile Hu http://blogs.ubc.ca/cocohu/<br />
* Summer Xia http://blogs.ubc.ca/summerxia<br />
*Jhena Waring http://blogs.ubc.ca/jhenawaring<br />
*Rena Taggar http://blogs.ubc.ca/renataggar/<br />
*Ciara Malone http://blogs.ubc.ca/ciaralaurenmalone/<br />
*Lila Chan http://blogs.ubc.ca/lilachan1/<br />
*Krysta Seifert http://blogs.ubc.ca/krystaseifert/<br />
* Orchid Kamron https://blogs.ubc.ca/orchidkamron<br />
* Gabriel Pamintuan http://blogs.ubc.ca/gabrielpamintuan/<br />
* Jessie Tai http://blogs.ubc.ca/jessietai/<br />
* Veronika Ruskova http://blogs.ubc.ca/veronikaruskova/<br />
* Gary Liu http://blogs.ubc.ca/minhaoliu<br />
* Ivans Zhang http://blogs.ubc.ca/ivanszhang123<br />
* Lin Zhou http://blogs.ubc.ca/grsj300linzhou<br />
* Stephanie Pawluk http://blogs.ubc.ca/grsj300stephaniepawluk/<br />
*Lucy Haché http://blogs.ubc.ca/lucyhacheblog/<br />
*Natasha Hemer http://blogs.ubc.ca/natashahemer/<br />
* Emma Hicks http://blogs.ubc.ca/emmahicks/2017/10/19/culture-jam-assignment/<br />
* Benae Tutelman http://blogs.ubc.ca/btutelman<br />
*Emi Hirano http://blogs.ubc.ca/ehirano/<br />
* Leah (Chae-Eun) Kim http://blogs.ubc.ca/leahkim9/<br />
* Eden Chan http://blogs.ubc.ca/edenchan/<br />
* Karen Cheng http://blogs.ubc.ca/karencheng/<br />
* Polina Bachlakova http://blogs.ubc.ca/polinabachlakova/2017/10/17/how-the-danish-tax-system-profits-off-of-stigmatizing-sex-work/<br />
* RuiXuan Zhang http://blogs.ubc.ca/ruixuanzhang<br />
* Jarrod Baddeliyanage http://blogs.ubc.ca/jarrodbaddeliyanage/<br />
*Maggie Cummings http://blogs.ubc.ca/maggiecummings<br />
*Harnish Sidhu http://blogs.ubc.ca/nishasidhu/<br />
*Rachel Meadow http://blogs.ubc.ca/rachelmeadow/<br />
*Suzi Ross https://blogs.ubc.ca/suziross/<br />
*Elliott Cordingley https://blogs.ubc.ca/ewcd/<br />
*Lauren Tonello http://blogs.ubc.ca/ltonello/<br />
*Pinya Lu http://blogs.ubc.ca/pinyalu/<br />
*Anastassiya Smirnova https://blogs.ubc.ca/anastassiyasmirnova/<br />
*Raymond Becker http://blogs.ubc.ca/becker/<br />
*Jasmeen Dhaliwal http://blogs.ubc.ca/jasmeendhaliwal/<br />
*Emily Michelin http://blogs.ubc.ca/emilymichelin/2017/10/20/culture-jam-assignment/<br />
*Coco Hu http://blogs.ubc.ca/cocohu/2017/10/20/8/<br />
*Allison Lee http://blogs.ubc.ca/allisonlee/2017/10/20/grsj-300-culture-jamming-assignment/<br />
*Kris McCrea https://blogs.ubc.ca/krismccrea/<br />
*Chantelle Verde http://blogs.ubc.ca/chantelleverde/2017/10/21/grsj-300/<br />
*Sarah Gutri http://blogs.ubc.ca/sarahgutri/<br />
*Liam Watson https://blogs.ubc.ca/liamwatson/2017/10/23/4/<br />
*Sasha Ponomareva https://blogs.ubc.ca/sashaponomareva/<br />
*Jocelyn Ng https://blogs.ubc.ca/jocelynng<br />
[Danny] [Wu] http://blogs.ubc.ca/dannywu/<br />
* Vincent Wang https://blogs.ubc.ca/vincentwang/ <br />
* Eric Chang http://blogs.ubc.ca/ericchang/2018/10/22/eric-changs-cultural-jam-assignment/ <br />
<br />
=== 2017SA-GRSJ300-98A (Instructor: Dr. Ray Hsu)===<br />
<br />
GROUP 1<br />
* Kate (Kathryn) McLaughlin https://blogs.ubc.ca/kathrynmcl/ <br />
* Qi Mao http://blogs.ubc.ca/qimao<br />
* Ashley Hayes http://blogs.ubc.ca/ashleyhayes<br />
* Sarah Siska http://blogs.ubc.ca/sarahsiska/<br />
* Angelina Sung http://blogs.ubc.ca/angelinasung/2017/06/27/angelinasung/<br />
* Lara Jung http://blogs.ubc.ca/larajung/<br />
* Erica Wong http://blogs.ubc.ca/ericawong/<br />
* Frances Langtry http://blogs.ubc.ca/franceslangtry/<br />
* Rebecca Kenward https://blogs.ubc.ca/rebeccakenward/<br />
* Amie Kim http://blogs.ubc.ca/amiekim/<br />
<br />
GROUP 2<br />
* Apollina Kyle https://blogs.ubc.ca/pollykyle/<br />
* Keely Yu http://blogs.ubc.ca/keelyyu/<br />
* Nicole Jackson http://blogs.ubc.ca/nicolejsblog/ <br />
* Suanne Lau http://blogs.ubc.ca/suanne/<br />
* Geneva Gordon http://blogs.ubc.ca/genevagordon/<br />
* Carlene Loughlin http://blogs.ubc.ca/carlenegrsj/<br />
* Lauryn Collins http://blogs.ubc.ca/lcollinsgrsj/2017/06/30/fashion-ing-the-notion-of-women-in-their-place/<br />
* Rebecca Li http://blogs.ubc.ca/grsj300rebeccaliculturejam/ <br />
* Isha Jain http://blogs.ubc.ca/ishajaingrsj/<br />
<br />
GROUP 3<br />
*Hayley Jim http://blogs.ubc.ca/hayleyjim/<br />
*Cecile Ouillet http://blogs.ubc.ca/cecile/<br />
*Vivian Guo http://blogs.ubc.ca/vivguo/<br />
*Gabrielle Vecchio https://blogs.ubc.ca/gabriellevecchiogrsj300/<br />
*Delaram "Del" Hajipour http://blogs.ubc.ca/delhajipour/<br />
*Katelyn Roberts http://blogs.ubc.ca/katelynjoan/<br />
*Tiffany Tang http://blogs.ubc.ca/tiffanytang/<br />
*Peter Craigen http://blogs.ubc.ca/peterjc/<br />
<br />
GROUP 4<br />
* Emily Nawar https://blogs.ubc.ca/emilynawar/<br />
* Jeff Lee http://blogs.ubc.ca/jefflee<br />
* Sarah Neubauer http://blogs.ubc.ca/sarahneubauer/<br />
* Lina Khairallah https://blogs.ubc.ca/linakhairallah/<br />
* Keiko Pan http://blogs.ubc.ca/keikopan/ <br />
* Rachel Burns http://blogs.ubc.ca/rachelburns<br />
* Erin Wallace http://blogs.ubc.ca/erinwallace/2017/06/30/grsj-300-culture-jam-clorox-and-rosie-the-riveter/<br />
* Marina Tischenko https://blogs.ubc.ca/marinatnko/<br />
* Gurveen Dhaliwal http://blogs.ubc.ca/gurveendhaliwal/<br />
<br />
GROUP 5<br />
* Brett Shearing http://blogs.ubc.ca/brettshearing/<br />
* Nunu King http://blogs.ubc.ca/nunuking/<br />
* Kelsey Driessen http://blogs.ubc.ca/kelseydriessen/<br />
* Carmen Chow https://blogs.ubc.ca/carmenchow/<br />
* AnQi Suo http://blogs.ubc.ca/anqisuo/<br />
* Iris Law http://blogs.ubc.ca/irislaw/<br />
*Christie Ong http://blogs.ubc.ca/christieong/<br />
*Don Fazl https://blogs.ubc.ca/donfazlgrsj300/<br />
*Nitzan Ziv https://blogs.ubc.ca/nitzanziv1/wp-admin/post.php?post=1&action=edit<br />
*Shahla Abdolkarim Ali http://blogs.ubc.ca/shahlaali85/<br />
<br />
GROUP 6<br />
*Christine Ganase http://blogs.ubc.ca/cjganase/<br />
*Lizzy Ojo http://blogs.ubc.ca/culturejambylizzyojo/<br />
*Claire Livingstone http://blogs.ubc.ca/clairelivingstone<br />
*Andrew Ting http://blogs.ubc.ca/andrewting/<br />
*Aleea Dahinden http://blogs.ubc.ca/dahinden/2017/06/30/jammed-ad-grsj-300/<br />
*Amy Alexandrian http://blogs.ubc.ca/amyalexandrian/<br />
*Ann Dinh https://blogs.ubc.ca/adinny/<br />
* Zainab Ahmed https://blogs.ubc.ca/zainabahmed<br />
* Ali Hussein https://blogs.ubc.ca/aliihussein<br />
<br />
GROUP 7<br />
*Yi Xiong https://blogs.ubc.ca/yixiong/?p=8&preview=true<br />
* Chanel Trac http://blogs.ubc.ca/chaneltrac/<br />
* Bryleigh Leblanc-Wong http://blogs.ubc.ca/bryleighw/<br />
* Ben Etkin-Goulet http://blogs.ubc.ca/etkingouletben/ <br />
* Miranda Choo http://blogs.ubc.ca/mirandagrsj300/<br />
* Jessica Liang http://blogs.ubc.ca/jessicaliang/<br />
* Jennifer McDermid: https://blogs.ubc.ca/jennmcdermid/<br />
* Joan Canave https://blogs.ubc.ca/joancanave/<br />
*Jiven Bal http://blogs.ubc.ca/jivenbal<br />
<br />
=== 2016WC-GRSJ300-99C (Instructor: Dr. Manjeet Birk)===<br />
<br />
GROUP 1<br />
*Brooke Manchester http://blogs.ubc.ca/brookemanchester<br />
* Salice Kale http://blogs.ubc.ca/salicek/<br />
*Larissa Goh http://blogs.ubc.ca/larissag/<br />
*Ivy Debinski http://blogs.ubc.ca/ivydebinski/<br />
*Nathalie Egenaes http://blogs.ubc.ca/negenaesgrsj300/<br />
* Tatyana Romeus-Kebe http://blogs.ubc.ca/tatyanaromeuskebe/<br />
*Sara Fahlander http://blogs.ubc.ca/sarafahlander/<br />
*Agatha Widjaja https://blogs.ubc.ca/agathawidjaja/<br />
*Cormac O'Dwyer http://blogs.ubc.ca/cormacodwyer/<br />
*Julie Li http://blogs.ubc.ca/julieli/<br />
*Lee Nagy http://blogs.ubc.ca/leenagy/<br />
*Grace Riddell http://blogs.ubc.ca/graceriddell/<br />
<br />
GROUP 2<br />
* Charmaine Magday https://blogs.ubc.ca/magdayc<br />
* Kim Nguyen https://blogs.ubc.ca/kimnguyen<br />
* Hayley Lyons http://blogs.ubc.ca/hayleylyons/<br />
* Nicole Lam http://blogs.ubc.ca/nicolelam/<br />
* Melissa Chinaloy http://blogs.ubc.ca/melchinaloy<br />
* Danielle Dickson http://blogs.ubc.ca/dicda/<br />
* Kumar Rithvik Kasireddy http://blogs.ubc.ca/kumarrithvikkasireddy/ <br />
* Alaina Chun http://blogs.ubc.ca/alainachungrsj300/<br />
* Julia Hofmann http://blogs.ubc.ca/juliaehofmann/grsj300/<br />
* Cevina Ghuman http://blogs.ubc.ca/cevinaghuman/<br />
<br />
GROUP 3<br />
* Jacqueline Yan http://blogs.ubc.ca/jyan/<br />
* Katina Nguyen http://blogs.ubc.ca/katinanguyen/<br />
* Chloe Hronopoulos http://blogs.ubc.ca/chloehronopouloss/<br />
* Maddie Lafleur http://blogs.ubc.ca/maddielafleur/<br />
*Justine Doiron http://blogs.ubc.ca/jdoiron/<br />
* Stephanie Miflores http://blogs.ubc.ca/stephaniemiflores/<br />
* Evan Kwong http://blogs.ubc.ca/eakwong/grsj-300/<br />
* Rawan Mokabel http://blogs.ubc.ca/rawanm/2017/02/21/culture-jam-assignment/<br />
* Miranda Gibson http://blogs.ubc.ca/mirandagibson/culture-jam-assignment/<br />
GROUP 4<br />
* Jordyn Shaw https://blogs.ubc.ca/jordynshaw/<br />
*Jeannette Zheng https://blogs.ubc.ca/jeannettezheng/<br />
* Abdulellah Altayar http://blogs.ubc.ca/abdulellahaltayar/<br />
* Amanpreet Sidhu http://blogs.ubc.ca/amansidhu/<br />
* Annie Choi http://blogs.ubc.ca/anniechoigrsj300<br />
* Parmvir Brar http://blogs.ubc.ca/parmvirbrar/<br />
* Ethan Schnell http://blogs.ubc.ca/ethanschnell/2017/02/16/<br />
* David Rallis http://blogs.ubc.ca/davidrallis/<br />
*Kini Tao http://blogs.ubc.ca/kinitao/<br />
*Marissa Upshaw http://blogs.ubc.ca/mupshaw/<br />
<br />
GROUP 5<br />
*Aanchal Puri http://blogs.ubc.ca/aanchalpuri/<br />
*Jomar Santos https://blogs.ubc.ca/jomarsantos<br />
*Leah Walden http://blogs.ubc.ca/leahwalden<br />
*Morgan Lyon http://blogs.ubc.ca/morganlyon/<br />
* Lal Koyuncu http://blogs.ubc.ca/lalkoyuncu<br />
* Sara Lisk http://blogs.ubc.ca/saralisk/<br />
* Angela Bradshaw http://blogs.ubc.ca/angelabradshaw/ <br />
*Amanda Lee http://blogs.ubc.ca/amandatclee<br />
*Terrisa Inthapanya http://blogs.ubc.ca/terrisainthapanya/<br />
<br />
<br />
GROUP 6<br />
*Adeline Hao https://blogs.ubc.ca/adelinehao<br />
*Adrian Dizon http://blogs.ubc.ca/adriandizongrsj300/<br />
*Gurjot Singh http://blogs.ubc.ca/gurjotsingh<br />
*Stacey Forrester http://blogs.ubc.ca/staceyforrester/<br />
*Khaleed Mawji https://blogs.ubc.ca/khaleedmawji/<br />
*Delainey Lockett http://blogs.ubc.ca/delaineylockett/<br />
*Jessica Liu http://blogs.ubc.ca/jessicaliu300/<br />
*Chantel Jackson http://blogs.ubc.ca/chanteljackson/<br />
*James Macklem http://blogs.ubc.ca/jamiemacklem/2017/02/17/culture-jam/<br />
*Bharvita Nakum http://blogs.ubc.ca/bharvitanakum/<br />
*Justine Bearss <br />
<br />
GROUP 7<br />
*Jocelyn Gould http://blogs.ubc.ca/jocelyngouldgrsj300/<br />
*Kieran Bath http://blogs.ubc.ca/kieranbathgrsj<br />
*Matthew Ward http://blogs.ubc.ca/matthewjward/<br />
*Michelle Blaine http://blogs.ubc.ca/michelleblaine/<br />
*Erik Matson http://blogs.ubc.ca/erikmatson/ <br />
*Brooke Lynch http://blogs.ubc.ca/brookelynch/<br />
*Elizabeth Huston-Herterich http://blogs.ubc.ca/elizabethhustonherterich/<br />
*Samantha Martin-Ferris https://blogs.ubc.ca/fnis410samantha/<br />
*Tammy Chou http://blogs.ubc.ca/tammychou/<br />
*Ella Klein http://blogs.ubc.ca/ellaklein/<br />
*Kashtin De Souza http://blogs.ubc.ca/coronabeer/corona-extra/<br />
*Jeongeun (Ellen) Lee http://blogs.ubc.ca/imellen/<br />
*[Megan][Bethune] : http://blogs.ubc.ca/meganbethune/2017/03/29/hello-world//blogurl<br /><br />
*Jennifer McDermid: https://blogs.ubc.ca/jennmcdermid/<br />
*Jiven Bal: http://blogs.ubc.ca/jivenbal/2017/06/30/original-ad/<br />
<br />
=== 2016WA-GRSJ300-99A (Instructor: Dr. Chris Shelley)===<br />
*Sidra Baig http://blogs.ubc.ca/sidrab/<br />
*Natasha Mutombe http://blogs.ubc.ca/natashafadzayi/<br />
*Colin May http://blogs.ubc.ca/trumpdump/2016/10/21/culture-jam-assignment-politics-on-the-home-front/<br />
*Gary Teng http://blogs.ubc.ca/gtengyy/<br />
*Manni Xiao http://blogs.ubc.ca/mannixiao/<br />
* Kaitlyn Guzman http://blogs.ubc.ca/kaitlynguzman/<br />
* Ksenia Stepkina https://blogs.ubc.ca/kseniastepkina/ <br />
* Ali Hodroje http://blogs.ubc.ca/ahodr/<br />
*Erica Yang http://blogs.ubc.ca/ericayang/<br />
* Naomy Kang http://blogs.ubc.ca/naomykang/ <br />
*Jin Roh http://blogs.ubc.ca/jinroh/<br />
* Veronika Zaytseva http://blogs.ubc.ca/veronikazayts/<br />
* Clarissa Lau http://blogs.ubc.ca/clarissalau/<br />
* Christina Hebert http://blogs.ubc.ca/christinahebert/<br />
* Tania Jagpal http://blogs.ubc.ca/taniajagpal/<br />
* Paige Knights http://blogs.ubc.ca/paigeknights<br />
* Chloë Parkin http://blogs.ubc.ca/chloehcparkin/<br />
* Sheila Low http://blogs.ubc.ca/sheilalow/<br />
* Samantha Smirfitt https://blogs.ubc.ca/samantha300<br />
* Natalie Boag http://blogs.ubc.ca/natalieboag/<br />
* Erin Thomas http://blogs.ubc.ca/erinthomas/<br />
*Mackenzie Stevens http://blogs.ubc.ca/mackenziestevens/<br />
* Madeleine Luke http://blogs.ubc.ca/madeleineluke2/<br />
* Maria Rakina http://blogs.ubc.ca/mariarakina/<br />
* Abirami Muthukumar http://blogs.ubc.ca/amuthukumar/<br />
* Natalie Amoore http://blogs.ubc.ca/natalieamoore/<br />
* Tiffany Koo http://blogs.ubc.ca/tiffanykoo/<br />
* Kelly Taverner http://blogs.ubc.ca/kellytav/<br />
* Pui Yu Emily Wong http://blogs.ubc.ca/emilywongg/<br />
* Sisi Guo http://blogs.ubc.ca/sisiguo/<br />
* Will Molloy http://blogs.ubc.ca/willmolloy/<br />
* Kate Bezugley http://blogs.ubc.ca/katebezugley/<br />
* Brogan Whatley http://blogs.ubc.ca/broganwhatley/<br />
* Sarah May http://blogs.ubc.ca/sarahmay/<br />
* Adan Barclay https://blogs.ubc.ca/adanbarclay/<br />
* Quinn Dhaliwal http://blogs.ubc.ca/quinndhaliwal/<br />
* Ava Mokhtari Fard http://blogs.ubc.ca/ava123<br />
* Christine Ma http://blogs.ubc.ca/grsj300christinema/<br />
* Winston Limanto http://blogs.ubc.ca/winstonlimanto/ <br />
* Shay Prasad http://blogs.ubc.ca/shayprasad<br />
* Arisha Shory http://blogs.ubc.ca/arishashory/<br />
*Patrick Munyurangabo http://blogs.ubc.ca/patrickmu/<br />
* Madeline Martin http://blogs.ubc.ca/madelinemartin/ <br />
* Ili Yang http://blogs.ubc.ca/iliyang/ <br />
* Maui Calleja http://blogs.ubc.ca/mcalleja/<br />
* Najla Sekariyanti http://blogs.ubc.ca/najlasekar/<br />
* Sherry Cheng http://blogs.ubc.ca/sherrycheng/<br />
* Olivia Kam http://blogs.ubc.ca/oliviakam/<br />
* Eliana Horvath http://blogs.ubc.ca/elianahorvath/<br />
* Maelle Grenier http://blogs.ubc.ca/maellegrenier/ <br />
* Breanna Bernard http://blogs.ubc.ca/breannabernard/<br />
* Chi-Han Lee http://blogs.ubc.ca/hanklee/<br />
* Heather Farrell http://blogs.ubc.ca/heatherfarrell/'<br />
* Tiffany Tsang http://blogs.ubc.ca/tsang007/<br />
* Olivia Lo http://blogs.ubc.ca/olivialo/<br />
* Yeree (Kelly) Oh http://blogs.ubc.ca/kellyoh90<br />
* Miranda Maxwell http://blogs.ubc.ca/grsj300culturaljammingmmaxwell/1-2/<br />
*Ciara Dushnisky http://blogs.ubc.ca/ciaradushnisky/<br />
*Monique Beaulieu http://blogs.ubc.ca/moniquebeaulieu/<br />
*Zhi Hao Wan http://blogs.ubc.ca/zhihaowan/<br />
*Emily Zaporozan http://blogs.ubc.ca/grsj300emilyzap/<br />
*Amanda Burns http://blogs.ubc.ca/amandaburns/<br />
* Yunxia Lin http://blogs.ubc.ca/yunxia/<br />
* Cindy Wang http://blogs.ubc.ca/cndyy/<br />
* Hannah Wagner [https://blogs.ubc.ca/hannahw/ GRSJ 300 Blog]<br />
* Colin May http://blogs.ubc.ca/trumpdump<br />
*Imaan Punja http://blogs.ubc.ca/imaanpunja/2016/10/21/victorias-secret-double-standard/ <br />
* Sebastian Silley http://blogs.ubc.ca/silleysebastian/<br />
*Yumi Chang http://blogs.ubc.ca/yumichang/<br />
<br />
=== 2016SA-GRSJ300-98A (Instructor: Dr. Ray Hsu)===<br />
*Ishita Ashraf http://blogs.ubc.ca/ashrafishita<br />
*Michelle Leung http://blogs.ubc.ca/michellewmleung/<br />
*Eyvette Runner http://blogs.ubc.ca/eyvetterunner/2016/06/24/gsnj300-culture-jam-2016/<br />
*Zi Qi Xu (May) http://blogs.ubc.ca/ziqixu/<br />
*Karen Xingyu Gu http://blogs.ubc.ca/karengu/<br />
*Varuntorn Kiatyudhachart http://blogs.ubc.ca/varuntornk/<br />
*Stephanie Armstrong http://blogs.ubc.ca/stephaniearmstrong/<br />
*Ryan Crosschild https://blogs.ubc.ca/ryanpcrosschild/<br />
*Taya Henry http://blogs.ubc.ca/tayahenryubc/ <br /><br />
*Courtney Kelly http://blogs.ubc.ca/courtneykelly/2016/06/23/peta/<br />
*Karilynne Davies https://blogs.ubc.ca/karilynnedavies/<br />
*Madisen Butterfield http://blogs.ubc.ca/madisenbutterfield/ <br />
*Lyzina Mondiwa //http://blogs.ubc.ca/lyzinamondiwa/<br/><br />
*Angela Chia https://blogs.ubc.ca/grsj300angelachia/<br />
*Deprice Martens http://blogs.ubc.ca/depricemartens/<br />
*Tokey Xiao http://blogs.ubc.ca/tuoxiao/<br />
*Heather James http://blogs.ubc.ca/heatherjames/<br />
*Joey Manaligod http://blogs.ubc.ca/joeymanaligod/<br />
*Kendra Parkinson http://blogs.ubc.ca/kendraparkinson/<br />
*Heather Baker http://blogs.ubc.ca/heatherbaker/<br />
*Lauren Cheng http://blogs.ubc.ca/laurencheng/<br />
*Katja Volz http://blogs.ubc.ca/katjavolz/ <br />
*Mackenzie Lee http://blogs.ubc.ca/mackenzielee/<br />
*Lian Xue http://blogs.ubc.ca/xuelian/<br />
*Lauren Slattery http://blogs.ubc.ca/laurenslatterygrsj/<br />
*May Lum http://blogs.ubc.ca/maylum/<br />
*Shoukia van Beek http://blogs.ubc.ca/shoukia/<br />
*Julie (Seoyeon) Jung http://blogs.ubc.ca/juliejung/<br />
*Jalini Paramsothi http://blogs.ubc.ca/Jaliniparamsothi/<br />
*Monica Cygan http://blogs.ubc.ca/monicacygan/<br />
*Alice Jin (Sheng Hui) http://blogs.ubc.ca/shenghuijin/<br />
*Lucas Kling http://blogs.ubc.ca/lucaskling<br />
*Tania Talebzadeh http://blogs.ubc.ca/taniataleb/<br />
*Holly Shodin http://blogs.ubc.ca/hshodin/<br />
*Priya Painuly http://blogs.ubc.ca/priyapainuly/<br />
*Eileen Ruan http://blogs.ubc.ca/eileenruan/<br />
*Yi Zhou http://blogs.ubc.ca/yizhou/<br />
*Xinyu Wang http://blogs.ubc.ca/xinyuwang322/<br />
*Erin Cederberg http://blogs.ubc.ca/grsj300erinced/<br />
*Alyssa Ready http://blogs.ubc.ca/readyalyssa/2016/06/22/culture-jam-assignment/<br />
*Chantelle Fromager http://blogs.ubc.ca/chantellefromager/<br />
*Celena Tan http://blogs.ubc.ca/maciltan/ <br />
*Bailey Fan http://blogs.ubc.ca/baileycfan/<br />
*Alexis Zimmer http://blogs.ubc.ca/alexiszimmer/<br />
*Ming Shi http://blogs.ubc.ca/mingshi/<br />
*Mengyao Jia http://blogs.ubc.ca/mengyaojia<br />
*Christine Shin http://blogs.ubc.ca/christneshin/<br />
*Zackary Uganec http://blogs.ubc.ca/zuganec/<br />
*Andrew Antes http://blogs.ubc.ca/andrewantes/2016/06/24/culture-jam-project-aunt-jemima-ad/<br />
*Gillian Guest http://blogs.ubc.ca/grsj300gguest/<br />
*Sahib Dhaliwal http://blogs.ubc.ca/sahibdhaliwal/<br />
*Colleen Fish https://blogs.ubc.ca/colleenfish/<br />
*Nicole Yu http://blogs.ubc.ca/nicoyu/<br />
*Syed Daniyal Shah http://blogs.ubc.ca/daniyalshah/<br />
*Andy Holmes http://blogs.ubc.ca/andyholmes/<br />
*Stephanie Smith http://blogs.ubc.ca/smithculturejam300/<br />
*Chloe Johnstone http://blogs.ubc.ca/chloejohnstone/<br />
*Kelsey Walker http://blogs.ubc.ca/kelseywalker/<br />
*Farbod Feizi http://blogs.ubc.ca/farbodfeizi/<br />
*Madeline Martin http://http://blogs.ubc.ca/madelinemartin/<br />
*Gabrielle Vecchio https://blogs.ubc.ca/gabriellevecchiogrsj300/<br />
<br />
=== 2015WC-GRSJ300-99C (Instructor: Dr. Ray Hsu) ===<br />
<br />
* Angela Fu http://blogs.ubc.ca/angelaf/<br />
* Hailie He https://blogs.ubc.ca/hailiehe<br />
* Sydney Harrison http://blogs.ubc.ca/sydneyharrison<br />
* Carol Fan http://blogs.ubc.ca/carolfan<br />
* Quinnie Sin http://blogs.ubc.ca/quinniesin <br />
* Rainbow Ran http://blogs.ubc.ca/rainbowran/<br />
* Ava Chan http://blogs.ubc.ca/avachan <br />
* Jarvis Wong http://blogs.ubc.ca/jarviswong<br />
* Cindy Fan https://blogs.ubc.ca/cindyfan<br />
* Minkyo Kim http://blogs.ubc.ca/minkyokim<br />
* Marcelle Tsoi http://blogs.ubc.ca/marcelletsoi<br />
* Jiangui Ma http://blogs.ubc.ca/nickma<br />
* Lawson Parker http://blogs.ubc.ca/lawsonpgrsj300/<br />
* Summer Roddick http://blogs.ubc.ca/summerroddick<br />
* Ivona Ognjanova: http://blogs.ubc.ca/ivonaognjanova/<br />
* Chelsea Ellacott http://blogs.ubc.ca/chelseaellacott<br />
* Jina Jeong http://blogs.ubc.ca/jinajeong/<br />
* Anson Wong http://blogs.ubc.ca/ansonwong/<br />
* Leilani Rodrigues http://blogs.ubc.ca/leilanirodrigues/<br />
* Nabil Boschman http://blogs.ubc.ca/nabilgrsj/<br />
* Vicky Gu http://blogs.ubc.ca/vickygu/<br />
* Christy Grenon http://blogs.ubc.ca/christygrenon<br />
* Quinne Mason http://blogs.ubc.ca/quinnemason<br />
* Hannah Vaartnou http://blogs.ubc.ca/hannahev/<br />
* Kelsey Clarke http://blogs.ubc.ca/kelseyclarke/<br />
* Caira Jillian Sy http://blogs.ubc.ca/cairasy/<br />
* Chloe Chong http://blogs.ubc.ca/chloechong/<br />
* Angela Ho http://blogs.ubc.ca/grsj300angelaho/<br />
* Jenee Penn http://blogs.ubc.ca/jeneepenn/<br />
* Songling Yu http://blogs.ubc.ca/songlingyu/<br />
* Caitlyn Simmons http://blogs.ubc.ca/caitlynsimmons/<br />
* Melissa Wu http://blogs.ubc.ca/melissasywu/<br />
* Jordan Williams-Yuen http://blogs.ubc.ca/jwilliamsyuen/<br />
* Megan Miller http://blogs.ubc.ca/meganmiller/<br />
* Robert Choate http://blogs.ubc.ca/robertchoate/<br />
* Levana Huang http://blogs.ubc.ca/levanahuang/<br />
* Charlotte Coilan http://blogs.ubc.ca/charlottecgrsj/<br />
* Lilian Tseng https://blogs.ubc.ca/liliantsengblog/<br />
* Liam Murphy-Burke http://blogs.ubc.ca/lmurphyburke/<br />
* Karsten Leitner http://blogs.ubc.ca/karstenleitner/<br />
* Kirisana Sivakumaran http://blogs.ubc.ca/kirisanasivakumaran/<br />
* Katherine Smith http://blogs.ubc.ca/katherinesmith/<br />
* Braden Fong http://blogs.ubc.ca/bradenfong430/<br />
* John Kevin Chan http://blogs.ubc.ca/johnkevindelacruzchan/<br />
* Jenoa Rabinovitch http://blogs.ubc.ca/jenoarabinovitch/<br />
* Sum Lo http://blogs.ubc.ca/sumlo/<br />
* Ben Tettamanti http://blogs.ubc.ca/bentettamanti/<br />
* Chui Man Leung http://blogs.ubc.ca/chuimanleung/<br />
* Samantha Peng http://blogs.ubc.ca/samanthapeng/<br />
* ManLing Ngan http://blogs.ubc.ca/grsj300manlingngan<br />
* Nick Ma http://blogs.ubc.ca/nickma/<br />
* Jacqueline Dorsch http://blogs.ubc.ca/jacquelinedorsch/<br />
* Eugene Park http://blogs.ubc.ca/eugenepark/<br />
* Xinyu (Maggie) Li http://blogs.ubc.ca/grsj300xinyuli/2016/04/08/video-mashup-assignment/ <br />
* Sandy Marji http://blogs.ubc.ca/sandymarji/<br />
* Brandon Pearl http://blogs.ubc.ca/brandonpearlgrsj300/<br />
* Szascha Lim http://blogs.ubc.ca/szaschalimgrsj300/<br />
* Melissa Siy http://blogs.ubc.ca/melissasiygrsj/<br />
* Sofia Kim http://blogs.ubc.ca/hungrynotlean/<br />
* Alex Bain http://blogs.ubc.ca/grsj300abain/<br />
* Aidan Gregory http://blogs.ubc.ca/aidangregory/2016/04/08/the-progress-of-feminism-mashup/<br />
*Samantha Solomon http://http://blogs.ubc.ca/samanthasolomon/<br />
*Crystal Yee http://blogs.ubc.ca/crystalyee/<br />
*Coraline Félix http://blogs.ubc.ca/coralinefelix/<br />
*Torey White http://blogs.ubc.ca/toreywhite/<br />
*Yasaman Fazel http://blogs.ubc.ca/yfazelm/culture-jam-assignment/<br />
*Jennifer McDermid: https://blogs.ubc.ca/jennmcdermid/<br />
*Jiven Bal http://blogs.ubc.ca/jivenbal<br />
*Zohra Moshtaq http://blogs.ubc.ca/zohramoshtaq/</div>HoldenWall