UBC Wiki - User contributions [en]

Course:FNH200/Projects/2026/Casu Marzu: The Processing, Science, Safety, and Regulation of Sardinia’s Larvae-Ripened Cheese

2026-07-23T22:05:28Z

HanaYu: /* Safty */

== Processing ==

====== Overall steps ======
Source: YouTube video — ''How Casu Marzu Is Made''<ref>{{Cite web|title=How Casu Marzu Is Made|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=79r0SNIMz48|url-status=live|website=Youtube}}</ref>

This video explains the traditional production of Casu Marzu from Sardinian sheep’s milk. The milk is inspected, filtered, heated to approximately 35°C and mixed with rennet to form curds. The curds are placed in molds to drain the whey, salted and aged for several weeks to produce pecorino cheese. The partially aged cheese is then exposed to cheese flies (''Piophila casei''), which lay eggs in cracks in the rind. After the eggs hatch, the larvae feed on the cheese and transform its firm interior into a soft, creamy texture. The cheese continues to ripen under controlled temperature and humidity until it develops its characteristic strong aroma and sharp flavour.

====== Packaging and Storge ======
Source: Slow Food Foundation for Biodiversity — ''Casu Marzu''<ref>{{Cite web|title=Slow Food Foundation for Biodiversity|url=https://www.fondazioneslowfood.com/en/ark-of-taste-slow-food/casu-marzu-2/|url-status=live|website=Slow Food}}</ref>

This source states that Casu Marzu can generally be stored for a maximum of four months before developing undesirable flavours and odours. Packaging is challenging because the cheese has a very soft interior, releases liquid and contains living larvae whose activity may continue after ripening. Traditional Casu Marzu is therefore usually kept as a whole cheese wheel and consumed locally rather than packaged for long-distance commercial distribution. Modern sealed packaging would need to control moisture, oxygen, temperature, larval activity and leakage while preserving the cheese’s characteristic texture and flavour. This information can be used to explain why Casu Marzu lacks a standardized commercial packaging system and has a limited shelf life.

== Chemical Reactions ==

====== Direct Study of Casu Marzu ======
Source: Production under controlled conditions of “Casu Marzu” cheese: Effect of the Piophila casei colonization on microbial and chemical composition<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Production under controlled conditions of “Casu Marzu” cheese: Effect of the Piophila casei colonization on microbial and chemical composition|url=https://www.pagepressjournals.org/ijfs/article/view/ijfs.2010.7.45/693|url-status=live}}</ref>

Use: This study directly compares cheeses with and without Piophila casei larvae. It provides evidence that larval colonization increases proteolysis and lipolysis, making it the main source for explaining how maggots help produce Casu Marzu.

====== General Cheese-Ripening Background ======
Source: Microbiota and Metabolite Profiling Combined With Integrative Analysis for Differentiating Cheeses of Varying Ripening Ages<ref>{{Cite web|title=Microbiota and Metabolite Profiling Combined With Integrative Analysis for Differentiating Cheeses of Varying Ripening Ages|url=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiology/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2020.592060/full?utm_source=chatgpt.com|url-status=live}}</ref>

Use: This study explains how microorganisms, amino acids, organic acids and free fatty acids change during cheese ripening. It can be used as background information to explain how proteolysis and lipolysis influence cheese flavor and aroma.

====== Stepwise Lipolysis ======
Source: NCBI Bookshelf — Biochemistry, Lipolysis<ref>{{Cite web|title=Lipolysis|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK560564/?utm_source=chatgpt.com|url-status=live}}</ref>

Lipases progressively hydrolyze triacylglycerols into diacylglycerols, monoacylglycerols, glycerol and free fatty acids. The released fatty acids contribute to the sharp flavor and strong aroma of ripened cheese.

====== Overall Triglyceride Hydrolysis ======
Source: Chemistry LibreTexts — Glycerolipids<ref>{{Cite web|title=Triglyceride Hydrolysis|url=https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Introduction_to_Organic_and_Biochemistry_%28Malik%29/06%3A_Lipids/6.03%3A_Glycerolipids?utm_source=chatgpt.com|url-status=live}}</ref>

This reaction shows the complete hydrolysis of one triglyceride molecule into glycerol and three fatty-acid molecules. The source directly presents this reaction using specific triglycerides as structural examples.

====== Peptide-Bond Hydrolysis ======
Source: Chemistry LibreTexts — Chemistry of Amides<ref>{{Cite web|title=Chemistry of Amides|url=https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Organic_Chemistry/Organic_Chemistry_%28Morsch_et_al.%29/21%3A_Carboxylic_Acid_Derivatives-_Nucleophilic_Acyl_Substitution_Reactions/21.07%3A_Chemistry_of_Amides?utm_source=chatgpt.com|url-status=live}}</ref>

Proteases hydrolyze peptide bonds in casein, producing smaller peptides and eventually amino acids. This weakens the casein network and helps change the cheese from a firm structure into a soft, creamy texture.

== Health Regulations ==

====== Banned from commercial sale ======
Source: CNN travel<ref>{{Cite web|date=Casu Marzu: World's most dangerous cheese|title=|url=https://www.cnn.com/travel/article/casu-marzu-worlds-most-dangerous-cheese|url-status=live}}</ref>

Casu Marzu is a part of Sardinian food culture and keeps alive ancient traditions. Despite originally being banned in Sardinia, the delicacy was later regarded as a traditional product of Sardinia and is therefore locally protected and exempted from the food laws in place. However, commercial sales have been illegal since 1962 under Italian laws that prohibit consumption of food infected by parasites. Those who sell the cheese can face high fines up to 50,000 euros or $60,000. While it is illegal to sell commercially in Italy, locals bypass the law by making it at home or purchasing “under the counter.”

====== Banned in many countries ======
Source: Britannica<ref>{{Cite web|title=Britannica- Casu Marzu|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/casu-marzu|url-status=live}}</ref>

As said earlier, Case Marzu is a traditional Sardinian cheese that contains live maggots responsible for the cheese’s fermentation. According to the source, once the maggots are consumed, it can survive stomach acid and pass through intestine walls, causing vomiting, abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea, and a severe condition known as intestinal myiasis.

Source: Tasting Table<ref>{{Cite web|title=Why Casu Marzu Chese is Illegal in The US|url=https://www.tastingtable.com/1154496/what-is-sardinian-casu-marzu-cheese-and-why-is-it-illegal-in-the-us/|url-status=live}}</ref>

It is also prohibited across the European Union due to safety regulations that mandate only food safe for consumption can be sold and across the United States where the U.S. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) bans foods containing insects due to its severe health risk..

Source: Ontario Farmer<ref>{{Cite web|title=Canada bans some raw milk cheese imports|url=https://www.ontariofarmer.com/news/farm-news/canada-bans-some-raw-milk-cheese-imports|url-status=live}}</ref>

Being illegal in most countries, it is also illegal to buy or sell Casu Marzu in Canada. Casu Marziu contains milk cheese and live insect larvae that The Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) both prohibit, specifically with the cheese made of raw milk.

== Safety ==

====== '''Traditional Laval Colonization''' ======
Source: ''Cazu Marzu: A Gastronomic Genealogy''<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cazu Marzu: A Gastronomic Genealogy|url=https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-74011-9_9|url-status=live}}</ref>

Use: This study describes the traditional production of Cazu Marzu. After the sheep milk cheese(pecorino) is formed, it is placed into brine for 24 hours. Then it is aged until cheese files(''Piopilia casei'') lay eggs inside the cheese. The larvae hatch and feed off the cheese for 2 weeks. During this stage, the enzyme is produced which favours cheese’s fermentation. This activity softens the cheeses and gives the final creamy texture and strong flavour. This information can be used to explain how larvae are naturally introduced during the traditional production and why this method is difficult to control from a food safety perspective.

====== '''Controlled Larval Colonization''' <ref name=":0" /> ======
Source:Production under Controlled Conditions of “Casu Marzu” Cheese: Effect of the ''Piophila casei'' Colonization on Microbial and Chemical Composition of the Cheeses

Use: This study explains how ''Piophila casei'' colonization is managed under controlled conditions. The researchers used files developed under controlled conditions and placed in each test and control. This information could be used to explain how Casu Marzu producers can control the larvae instead of allowing random files to infest the cheese.

====== '''Potential Risks of Consuming Larvae''' ======
Source:Olivadese, M., & Dindo, M. L. (2023). ''Edible Insects: A Historical and Cultural Perspective on Entomophagy with a Focus on Western Societies''. Insects, 14(8), 690.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Edible Insects: A Historical and Cultural Perspective on Entomophagy with a Focus on Western Societies.|url=https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/14/8/690|url-status=live}}</ref>

Use: This article explains potential health risks of consuming live ''Piopilia casei'' larvae in Casu Marzu. It states that the larvae may survive in the human digestive system and may cause gastrointestinal problems including vomiting and diarrhea.

====== '''Challenges in Controlling Larve''' ======
Source: Lewis, C., & Kaufman, P. E. ''Cheese (or Ham) Skipper, Piophila casei (Linnaeus)''<ref>{{Cite web|title=Challenges in Controlling Larve|url=https://journals.flvc.org/edis/article/view/118381/116314|url-status=live}}</ref>

Use: This source explains difficult control of ''Piophila casei'' larvae after they infest cheese. The larvae burrow deeply into the cheese, avoid light, and are moderately resistant to changes in heat and cold. During the production of Casu Marzu, preventing uncontrolled infestation is important.

== References ==
<references />

Course:FNH200/Assignments/2026/Nestea Iced Tea-Regular vs Sugar Free

2026-07-20T18:51:47Z

HanaYu:

[[File:Lemon zero sugar.png|thumb|Nestea Lemon Iced Tea Zero Sugar Images from walmart.ca]]

== Introduction ==
'''Nestea Iced Tea 1.89 L (bottle) & Nestea Zero Sugar Iced Tea 1.89 L (bottle)'''

Nestea is a popular iced tea brand owned by Nestlé. It is known for its refreshing brewed tea taste and natural lemon and peach flavours. In Canada, Nestea is widely available in ready-to-drink bottles, cans, and powdered drink mixes and offers many different flavors and alternatives. It can be found at many supermarkets, convenience stores, and other retailers across Vancouver and the rest of Canada.

Our team focuses on the '''1.89 L bottled versions''' of Nestea Iced Tea and Nestea Zero Sugar Iced Tea.

== Post Pictures ==
[[File:Lemon sugar.png|thumb|Nestea Iced Tea Images from walmart.ca]]
== Ingredient Lists==
# '''Regular version:''' Filtered water, sugars (glucose-fructose), citric acid, tea, potassium citrate, natural flavour [1]. '''Zero-sugar version:''' Filtered water, malic acid, tea, potassium citrate, acesulfame potassium, natural flavour, sucralose [2].
# '''Identification of substitutes and additives:''' In the zero-sugar lemon iced tea, acesulfame potassium and sucralose are used as sugar substitutes. Other additives include malic acid, potassium citrate, and natural lemon flavour. Health Canada classifies acesulfame potassium and sucralose as permitted sweeteners [3].
#'''Functional roles of the substitutes and additives:''' '''Acesulfame potassium and sucralose:''' These are high-intensity sweeteners that replace sugar in the zero-sugar product. They provide sweetness while contributing few or no calories, allowing the beverage to taste sweet without containing regular sugar [3, 5]. '''Citric acid:''' It acts as an acidulant and pH control agent. It helps control acidity and provides the tart taste associated with lemon-flavoured beverages [4]. '''Malic acid:''' It contributes tartness and functions as a flavouring and pH control agent in the zero-sugar product [6]. '''Potassium citrate:''' It functions mainly as a pH control and buffering agent. It helps regulate acidity and balance the sour taste produced by citric acid or malic acid [7]. '''Natural flavour:''' It provides and strengthens the expected lemon flavour and aroma of both beverages [4].
# '''Comparison and Contrast of the Two Products:''' Both products contain filtered water, tea, potassium citrate, and natural flavour [1, 2]. Neither product contains a fat substitute. The main difference is the type of sweetener used. The regular product contains glucose-fructose, whereas the zero-sugar product contains acesulfame potassium and sucralose [1, 2]. Therefore, the regular version derives sweetness and calories from sugar, while the zero-sugar version maintains sweetness with few or no calories from high-intensity sweeteners [4, 5]. Overall, the zero-sugar product replaces glucose-fructose with high-intensity sweeteners, while retaining the main tea and lemon flavour characteristics of the regular product.

== Labels==

=== '''1. Detailed Description of the Label Information''' ===

* '''Bilingual Text:''' All text on both bottles, including the product name, claims, nutrition facts, and ingredients, is presented in both English and French.
* '''Net Quantity:''' Both bottles display a net volume of 1.89 L on the front label.
* '''Common Name:''' Both products are clearly identified on the front label as "Iced Tea" in English and "Thé Glacé" in French.
* '''Nutrition Facts Table:''' Both labels feature a standardized nutrition panel based on a serving size of 1½ cups (375 mL).
** The regular Nestea contains 120 calories and 31 g of carbohydrates (which are all sugars), representing 31% of the Daily Value.
** The Zero Sugar alternative contains 5 calories, 0 g of carbohydrates, 0 g of sugars, and 0% of the Daily Value for sugars.
* '''List of Ingredients:''' Both bottles include a complete list of ingredients located directly beneath the Nutrition Facts table. The Zero Sugar version specifically lists "Acesulfame potassium" and "Sucralose" as ingredients.
* '''Front-of-Package (FOP) Warning Label:''' The regular Nestea bottle features a recognizable Health Canada magnifying glass symbol on the front indicating it is "High in Sugars" and "Élevé en Sucres" in French. The Zero Sugar version does not have this symbol.
* '''Additional Product Information:'''
** '''Caffeine Content:''' Both bottles specify their caffeine content (16 mg per 375 mL for regular, 17 mg per 375 mL for Zero Sugar).
** '''Storage and Handling:''' Both labels contain the instructions "PASTEURIZED / PASTEURISÉ" and "REFRIGERATE AFTER OPENING / RÉFRIGÉRER APRÈS OUVERTURE".
** '''Marketing Claims:''' Both prominently display claims such as "Real Tea" (Vrai Thé), "Naturally Flavoured" (Aromatisé Naturellement), and "No Artificial Flavours and Colours Added".

=== 2. Compliance with Regulatory Requirements ===

* '''Mandatory Label Information:''' Lesson 04 dictates that labels must include bilingual text, a common name, net quantity, a nutrition label, and an ingredient list. Both Nestea bottles successfully display all of these mandatory elements in a legible format.
* '''Front-of-Package (FOP) Labeling:''' According to the Health Canada regulations highlighted in the lesson, foods high in specific nutrients (such as saturated fat, sodium, or sugars) must display an FOP warning symbol. Because the regular Nestea contains 31% of the Daily Value for sugars, it correctly displays the mandatory "High in Sugars" magnifying glass symbol.
* '''Sweetener Labelling:''' Lesson 04 notes that the presence of certain ingredients, such as sweeteners, triggers specific labeling requirements depending on the food. The Zero Sugar product complies by explicitly listing its artificial sweeteners (acesulfame potassium and sucralose) in the ingredient list.
* '''Nutrition Facts Consistency:''' The Nutrition Facts tables on both bottles follow the standardized format and accurately reflect the presence (or absence) of sugar, aligning with the regulatory function of Health Canada to establish standards of composition and identity.

== Personal Choice==
Please submit your individual component of this assignment on Canvas to protect your privacy and your personal opinion

==References==
Please use the Wikipedia reference style. Provide a citation for every sentence, statement, thought, or bit of data not your own, giving the author, year, AND page.

'''Note:''' Before writing your wiki article on the UBC Wiki, it may be helpful to review the tips in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Writing_better_articles Wikipedia: Writing better articles].
# Walmart Canada. (n.d.). ''NESTEA Lemon Iced Tea 1.89 L''. Retrieved July 21, 2026. https://www.walmart.ca/en/ip/Nestea-Lemon-Iced-Tea-1-89L/2NTPZRSWDY25
# Walmart Canada. (n.d.). ''NESTEA Zero Sugar Iced Tea 1.89 L''. Retrieved July 21, 2026. https://www.walmart.ca/en/ip/Nestea-Zero-Sugar-Iced-Tea-1-89L/1CABXJ304FEY
#Health Canada. (2024, December 18). ''List of permitted sweeteners''. Government of Canada. Retrieved July 21, 2026. https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/food-nutrition/food-safety/food-additives/lists-permitted/9-sweeteners.html
# U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (2023, July 6). ''Types of food ingredients''. Retrieved July 21, 2026. https://www.fda.gov/food/food-additives-and-gras-ingredients-information-consumers/types-food-ingredients
#U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (2025, February 27). ''Aspartame and other sweeteners in food''. Retrieved July 21, 2026. https://www.fda.gov/food/food-additives-petitions/aspartame-and-other-sweeteners-food
#Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. (n.d.). ''21 CFR § 184.1069—Malic acid''. Retrieved July 21, 2026. https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-184/subpart-B/section-184.1069
#Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. (n.d.). ''21 CFR § 184.1625—Potassium citrate''. Retrieved July 21, 2026. https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-184/subpart-B/section-184.1625

<references/>

{{Projectbox FNH200}}
[[Category:Food_Science]]

Course:FNH200/Assignments/2026/Nestea Iced Tea-Regular vs Sugar Free

2026-07-20T18:51:10Z

HanaYu: photo

[[File:Lemon zero sugar.png|thumb|Nestea Lemon Iced Tea Zero Sugar Images from walmart.ca]]

== Introduction ==
'''Nestea Iced Tea 1.89 L (bottle) & Nestea Zero Sugar Iced Tea 1.89 L (bottle)'''

Nestea is a popular iced tea brand owned by Nestlé. It is known for its refreshing brewed tea taste and natural lemon and peach flavours. In Canada, Nestea is widely available in ready-to-drink bottles, cans, and powdered drink mixes and offers many different flavors and alternatives. It can be found at many supermarkets, convenience stores, and other retailers across Vancouver and the rest of Canada.

Our team focuses on the '''1.89 L bottled versions''' of Nestea Iced Tea and Nestea Zero Sugar Iced Tea.

== Post pictures (Mandatory) ==
[[File:Lemon sugar.png|thumb|Nestea Iced Tea Images from walmart.ca]]
== Ingredient lists (4 points)==
# '''Regular version:''' Filtered water, sugars (glucose-fructose), citric acid, tea, potassium citrate, natural flavour [1]. '''Zero-sugar version:''' Filtered water, malic acid, tea, potassium citrate, acesulfame potassium, natural flavour, sucralose [2].
# '''Identification of substitutes and additives:''' In the zero-sugar lemon iced tea, acesulfame potassium and sucralose are used as sugar substitutes. Other additives include malic acid, potassium citrate, and natural lemon flavour. Health Canada classifies acesulfame potassium and sucralose as permitted sweeteners [3].
#'''Functional roles of the substitutes and additives:''' '''Acesulfame potassium and sucralose:''' These are high-intensity sweeteners that replace sugar in the zero-sugar product. They provide sweetness while contributing few or no calories, allowing the beverage to taste sweet without containing regular sugar [3, 5]. '''Citric acid:''' It acts as an acidulant and pH control agent. It helps control acidity and provides the tart taste associated with lemon-flavoured beverages [4]. '''Malic acid:''' It contributes tartness and functions as a flavouring and pH control agent in the zero-sugar product [6]. '''Potassium citrate:''' It functions mainly as a pH control and buffering agent. It helps regulate acidity and balance the sour taste produced by citric acid or malic acid [7]. '''Natural flavour:''' It provides and strengthens the expected lemon flavour and aroma of both beverages [4].
# '''Comparison and Contrast of the Two Products:''' Both products contain filtered water, tea, potassium citrate, and natural flavour [1, 2]. Neither product contains a fat substitute. The main difference is the type of sweetener used. The regular product contains glucose-fructose, whereas the zero-sugar product contains acesulfame potassium and sucralose [1, 2]. Therefore, the regular version derives sweetness and calories from sugar, while the zero-sugar version maintains sweetness with few or no calories from high-intensity sweeteners [4, 5]. Overall, the zero-sugar product replaces glucose-fructose with high-intensity sweeteners, while retaining the main tea and lemon flavour characteristics of the regular product.

== Labels (1 points)==

=== '''1. Detailed Description of the Label Information''' ===

* '''Bilingual Text:''' All text on both bottles, including the product name, claims, nutrition facts, and ingredients, is presented in both English and French.
* '''Net Quantity:''' Both bottles display a net volume of 1.89 L on the front label.
* '''Common Name:''' Both products are clearly identified on the front label as "Iced Tea" in English and "Thé Glacé" in French.
* '''Nutrition Facts Table:''' Both labels feature a standardized nutrition panel based on a serving size of 1½ cups (375 mL).
** The regular Nestea contains 120 calories and 31 g of carbohydrates (which are all sugars), representing 31% of the Daily Value.
** The Zero Sugar alternative contains 5 calories, 0 g of carbohydrates, 0 g of sugars, and 0% of the Daily Value for sugars.
* '''List of Ingredients:''' Both bottles include a complete list of ingredients located directly beneath the Nutrition Facts table. The Zero Sugar version specifically lists "Acesulfame potassium" and "Sucralose" as ingredients.
* '''Front-of-Package (FOP) Warning Label:''' The regular Nestea bottle features a recognizable Health Canada magnifying glass symbol on the front indicating it is "High in Sugars" and "Élevé en Sucres" in French. The Zero Sugar version does not have this symbol.
* '''Additional Product Information:'''
** '''Caffeine Content:''' Both bottles specify their caffeine content (16 mg per 375 mL for regular, 17 mg per 375 mL for Zero Sugar).
** '''Storage and Handling:''' Both labels contain the instructions "PASTEURIZED / PASTEURISÉ" and "REFRIGERATE AFTER OPENING / RÉFRIGÉRER APRÈS OUVERTURE".
** '''Marketing Claims:''' Both prominently display claims such as "Real Tea" (Vrai Thé), "Naturally Flavoured" (Aromatisé Naturellement), and "No Artificial Flavours and Colours Added".

=== 2. Compliance with Regulatory Requirements ===

* '''Mandatory Label Information:''' Lesson 04 dictates that labels must include bilingual text, a common name, net quantity, a nutrition label, and an ingredient list. Both Nestea bottles successfully display all of these mandatory elements in a legible format.
* '''Front-of-Package (FOP) Labeling:''' According to the Health Canada regulations highlighted in the lesson, foods high in specific nutrients (such as saturated fat, sodium, or sugars) must display an FOP warning symbol. Because the regular Nestea contains 31% of the Daily Value for sugars, it correctly displays the mandatory "High in Sugars" magnifying glass symbol.
* '''Sweetener Labelling:''' Lesson 04 notes that the presence of certain ingredients, such as sweeteners, triggers specific labeling requirements depending on the food. The Zero Sugar product complies by explicitly listing its artificial sweeteners (acesulfame potassium and sucralose) in the ingredient list.
* '''Nutrition Facts Consistency:''' The Nutrition Facts tables on both bottles follow the standardized format and accurately reflect the presence (or absence) of sugar, aligning with the regulatory function of Health Canada to establish standards of composition and identity.

== Personal Choice (5 points)==
Please submit your individual component of this assignment on Canvas to protect your privacy and your personal opinion

==References==
Please use the Wikipedia reference style. Provide a citation for every sentence, statement, thought, or bit of data not your own, giving the author, year, AND page.

'''Note:''' Before writing your wiki article on the UBC Wiki, it may be helpful to review the tips in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Writing_better_articles Wikipedia: Writing better articles].
# Walmart Canada. (n.d.). ''NESTEA Lemon Iced Tea 1.89 L''. Retrieved July 21, 2026. https://www.walmart.ca/en/ip/Nestea-Lemon-Iced-Tea-1-89L/2NTPZRSWDY25
# Walmart Canada. (n.d.). ''NESTEA Zero Sugar Iced Tea 1.89 L''. Retrieved July 21, 2026. https://www.walmart.ca/en/ip/Nestea-Zero-Sugar-Iced-Tea-1-89L/1CABXJ304FEY
#Health Canada. (2024, December 18). ''List of permitted sweeteners''. Government of Canada. Retrieved July 21, 2026. https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/food-nutrition/food-safety/food-additives/lists-permitted/9-sweeteners.html
# U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (2023, July 6). ''Types of food ingredients''. Retrieved July 21, 2026. https://www.fda.gov/food/food-additives-and-gras-ingredients-information-consumers/types-food-ingredients
#U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (2025, February 27). ''Aspartame and other sweeteners in food''. Retrieved July 21, 2026. https://www.fda.gov/food/food-additives-petitions/aspartame-and-other-sweeteners-food
#Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. (n.d.). ''21 CFR § 184.1069—Malic acid''. Retrieved July 21, 2026. https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-184/subpart-B/section-184.1069
#Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. (n.d.). ''21 CFR § 184.1625—Potassium citrate''. Retrieved July 21, 2026. https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-184/subpart-B/section-184.1625

<references/>

{{Projectbox FNH200}}
[[Category:Food_Science]]

Course:FNH200/Assignments/2026/Nestea Iced Tea-Regular vs Sugar Free

2026-07-20T18:50:23Z

HanaYu: small edit with photos

== Introduction ==
'''Nestea Iced Tea 1.89 L (bottle) & Nestea Zero Sugar Iced Tea 1.89 L (bottle)'''

Nestea is a popular iced tea brand owned by Nestlé. It is known for its refreshing brewed tea taste and natural lemon and peach flavours. In Canada, Nestea is widely available in ready-to-drink bottles, cans, and powdered drink mixes and offers many different flavors and alternatives. It can be found at many supermarkets, convenience stores, and other retailers across Vancouver and the rest of Canada.

Our team focuses on the '''1.89 L bottled versions''' of Nestea Iced Tea and Nestea Zero Sugar Iced Tea.

== Post pictures (Mandatory) ==
[[File:Lemon sugar.png|thumb|Nestea Iced Tea Images from walmart.ca]]
== Ingredient lists (4 points)==
# '''Regular version:''' Filtered water, sugars (glucose-fructose), citric acid, tea, potassium citrate, natural flavour [1]. '''Zero-sugar version:''' Filtered water, malic acid, tea, potassium citrate, acesulfame potassium, natural flavour, sucralose [2].
# '''Identification of substitutes and additives:''' In the zero-sugar lemon iced tea, acesulfame potassium and sucralose are used as sugar substitutes. Other additives include malic acid, potassium citrate, and natural lemon flavour. Health Canada classifies acesulfame potassium and sucralose as permitted sweeteners [3].
#'''Functional roles of the substitutes and additives:''' '''Acesulfame potassium and sucralose:''' These are high-intensity sweeteners that replace sugar in the zero-sugar product. They provide sweetness while contributing few or no calories, allowing the beverage to taste sweet without containing regular sugar [3, 5]. '''Citric acid:''' It acts as an acidulant and pH control agent. It helps control acidity and provides the tart taste associated with lemon-flavoured beverages [4]. '''Malic acid:''' It contributes tartness and functions as a flavouring and pH control agent in the zero-sugar product [6]. '''Potassium citrate:''' It functions mainly as a pH control and buffering agent. It helps regulate acidity and balance the sour taste produced by citric acid or malic acid [7]. '''Natural flavour:''' It provides and strengthens the expected lemon flavour and aroma of both beverages [4].
# '''Comparison and Contrast of the Two Products:''' Both products contain filtered water, tea, potassium citrate, and natural flavour [1, 2]. Neither product contains a fat substitute. The main difference is the type of sweetener used. The regular product contains glucose-fructose, whereas the zero-sugar product contains acesulfame potassium and sucralose [1, 2]. Therefore, the regular version derives sweetness and calories from sugar, while the zero-sugar version maintains sweetness with few or no calories from high-intensity sweeteners [4, 5]. Overall, the zero-sugar product replaces glucose-fructose with high-intensity sweeteners, while retaining the main tea and lemon flavour characteristics of the regular product.

== Labels (1 points)==

=== '''1. Detailed Description of the Label Information''' ===

* '''Bilingual Text:''' All text on both bottles, including the product name, claims, nutrition facts, and ingredients, is presented in both English and French.
* '''Net Quantity:''' Both bottles display a net volume of 1.89 L on the front label.
* '''Common Name:''' Both products are clearly identified on the front label as "Iced Tea" in English and "Thé Glacé" in French.
* '''Nutrition Facts Table:''' Both labels feature a standardized nutrition panel based on a serving size of 1½ cups (375 mL).
** The regular Nestea contains 120 calories and 31 g of carbohydrates (which are all sugars), representing 31% of the Daily Value.
** The Zero Sugar alternative contains 5 calories, 0 g of carbohydrates, 0 g of sugars, and 0% of the Daily Value for sugars.
* '''List of Ingredients:''' Both bottles include a complete list of ingredients located directly beneath the Nutrition Facts table. The Zero Sugar version specifically lists "Acesulfame potassium" and "Sucralose" as ingredients.
* '''Front-of-Package (FOP) Warning Label:''' The regular Nestea bottle features a recognizable Health Canada magnifying glass symbol on the front indicating it is "High in Sugars" and "Élevé en Sucres" in French. The Zero Sugar version does not have this symbol.
* '''Additional Product Information:'''
** '''Caffeine Content:''' Both bottles specify their caffeine content (16 mg per 375 mL for regular, 17 mg per 375 mL for Zero Sugar).
** '''Storage and Handling:''' Both labels contain the instructions "PASTEURIZED / PASTEURISÉ" and "REFRIGERATE AFTER OPENING / RÉFRIGÉRER APRÈS OUVERTURE".
** '''Marketing Claims:''' Both prominently display claims such as "Real Tea" (Vrai Thé), "Naturally Flavoured" (Aromatisé Naturellement), and "No Artificial Flavours and Colours Added".

=== 2. Compliance with Regulatory Requirements ===

* '''Mandatory Label Information:''' Lesson 04 dictates that labels must include bilingual text, a common name, net quantity, a nutrition label, and an ingredient list. Both Nestea bottles successfully display all of these mandatory elements in a legible format.
* '''Front-of-Package (FOP) Labeling:''' According to the Health Canada regulations highlighted in the lesson, foods high in specific nutrients (such as saturated fat, sodium, or sugars) must display an FOP warning symbol. Because the regular Nestea contains 31% of the Daily Value for sugars, it correctly displays the mandatory "High in Sugars" magnifying glass symbol.
* '''Sweetener Labelling:''' Lesson 04 notes that the presence of certain ingredients, such as sweeteners, triggers specific labeling requirements depending on the food. The Zero Sugar product complies by explicitly listing its artificial sweeteners (acesulfame potassium and sucralose) in the ingredient list.
* '''Nutrition Facts Consistency:''' The Nutrition Facts tables on both bottles follow the standardized format and accurately reflect the presence (or absence) of sugar, aligning with the regulatory function of Health Canada to establish standards of composition and identity.

== Personal Choice (5 points)==
Please submit your individual component of this assignment on Canvas to protect your privacy and your personal opinion

==References==
Please use the Wikipedia reference style. Provide a citation for every sentence, statement, thought, or bit of data not your own, giving the author, year, AND page.

'''Note:''' Before writing your wiki article on the UBC Wiki, it may be helpful to review the tips in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Writing_better_articles Wikipedia: Writing better articles].
# Walmart Canada. (n.d.). ''NESTEA Lemon Iced Tea 1.89 L''. Retrieved July 21, 2026. https://www.walmart.ca/en/ip/Nestea-Lemon-Iced-Tea-1-89L/2NTPZRSWDY25
# Walmart Canada. (n.d.). ''NESTEA Zero Sugar Iced Tea 1.89 L''. Retrieved July 21, 2026. https://www.walmart.ca/en/ip/Nestea-Zero-Sugar-Iced-Tea-1-89L/1CABXJ304FEY
#Health Canada. (2024, December 18). ''List of permitted sweeteners''. Government of Canada. Retrieved July 21, 2026. https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/food-nutrition/food-safety/food-additives/lists-permitted/9-sweeteners.html
# U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (2023, July 6). ''Types of food ingredients''. Retrieved July 21, 2026. https://www.fda.gov/food/food-additives-and-gras-ingredients-information-consumers/types-food-ingredients
#U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (2025, February 27). ''Aspartame and other sweeteners in food''. Retrieved July 21, 2026. https://www.fda.gov/food/food-additives-petitions/aspartame-and-other-sweeteners-food
#Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. (n.d.). ''21 CFR § 184.1069—Malic acid''. Retrieved July 21, 2026. https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-184/subpart-B/section-184.1069
#Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. (n.d.). ''21 CFR § 184.1625—Potassium citrate''. Retrieved July 21, 2026. https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-184/subpart-B/section-184.1625

<references/>

{{Projectbox FNH200}}
[[Category:Food_Science]]

Course:FNH200/Assignments/2026/Nestea Iced Tea-Regular vs Sugar Free

2026-07-20T18:39:52Z

HanaYu: added photos and added extra information

== Introduction ==
'''Nestea Iced Tea 1.89 L (bottle) & Nestea Zero Sugar Iced Tea 1.89 L (bottle)'''

Nestea is a popular iced tea brand owned by Nestlé. It is known for its refreshing brewed tea taste and natural lemon and peach flavours. In Canada, Nestea is widely available in ready-to-drink bottles, cans, and powdered drink mixes and offers many different flavors and alternatives. It can be found at many supermarkets, convenience stores, and other retailers across Vancouver and the rest of Canada.

Our team focuses on the '''1.89 L bottled versions''' of Nestea Iced Tea and Nestea Zero Sugar Iced Tea.

== Post pictures (Mandatory) ==
[[File:Lemon sugar.png|thumb|Images from walmart.ca]]
Include photos of the two products of your choice, clearly showing the ingredient lists and the overall labels - mandatory, if you don't show it, the TA's can't mark the rest.
[[File:Lemon zero sugar.png|thumb|images from walmart.ca]]
Instructions on how to add photos and images to UBC Wiki can be found here: [[Help:Adding Media/Images and Pictures|https://wiki.ubc.ca/Help:Adding_Media/Images_and_Pictures]]
== Ingredient lists (4 points)==
# '''Regular version:''' Filtered water, sugars (glucose-fructose), citric acid, tea, potassium citrate, natural flavour [1]. '''Zero-sugar version:''' Filtered water, malic acid, tea, potassium citrate, acesulfame potassium, natural flavour, sucralose [2].
# '''Identification of substitutes and additives:''' In the zero-sugar lemon iced tea, acesulfame potassium and sucralose are used as sugar substitutes. Other additives include malic acid, potassium citrate, and natural lemon flavour. Health Canada classifies acesulfame potassium and sucralose as permitted sweeteners [3].
#'''Functional roles of the substitutes and additives:''' '''Acesulfame potassium and sucralose:''' These are high-intensity sweeteners that replace sugar in the zero-sugar product. They provide sweetness while contributing few or no calories, allowing the beverage to taste sweet without containing regular sugar [3, 5]. '''Citric acid:''' It acts as an acidulant and pH control agent. It helps control acidity and provides the tart taste associated with lemon-flavoured beverages [4]. '''Malic acid:''' It contributes tartness and functions as a flavouring and pH control agent in the zero-sugar product [6]. '''Potassium citrate:''' It functions mainly as a pH control and buffering agent. It helps regulate acidity and balance the sour taste produced by citric acid or malic acid [7]. '''Natural flavour:''' It provides and strengthens the expected lemon flavour and aroma of both beverages [4].
# '''Comparison and Contrast of the Two Products:''' Both products contain filtered water, tea, potassium citrate, and natural flavour [1, 2]. Neither product contains a fat substitute. The main difference is the type of sweetener used. The regular product contains glucose-fructose, whereas the zero-sugar product contains acesulfame potassium and sucralose [1, 2]. Therefore, the regular version derives sweetness and calories from sugar, while the zero-sugar version maintains sweetness with few or no calories from high-intensity sweeteners [4, 5]. Overall, the zero-sugar product replaces glucose-fructose with high-intensity sweeteners, while retaining the main tea and lemon flavour characteristics of the regular product.

== Labels (1 points)==

=== '''1. Detailed Description of the Label Information''' ===

* '''Bilingual Text:''' All text on both bottles, including the product name, claims, nutrition facts, and ingredients, is presented in both English and French.
* '''Net Quantity:''' Both bottles display a net volume of 1.89 L on the front label.
* '''Common Name:''' Both products are clearly identified on the front label as "Iced Tea" in English and "Thé Glacé" in French.
* '''Nutrition Facts Table:''' Both labels feature a standardized nutrition panel based on a serving size of 1½ cups (375 mL).
** The regular Nestea contains 120 calories and 31 g of carbohydrates (which are all sugars), representing 31% of the Daily Value.
** The Zero Sugar alternative contains 5 calories, 0 g of carbohydrates, 0 g of sugars, and 0% of the Daily Value for sugars.
* '''List of Ingredients:''' Both bottles include a complete list of ingredients located directly beneath the Nutrition Facts table. The Zero Sugar version specifically lists "Acesulfame potassium" and "Sucralose" as ingredients.
* '''Front-of-Package (FOP) Warning Label:''' The regular Nestea bottle features a recognizable Health Canada magnifying glass symbol on the front indicating it is "High in Sugars" and "Élevé en Sucres" in French. The Zero Sugar version does not have this symbol.
* '''Additional Product Information:'''
** '''Caffeine Content:''' Both bottles specify their caffeine content (16 mg per 375 mL for regular, 17 mg per 375 mL for Zero Sugar).
** '''Storage and Handling:''' Both labels contain the instructions "PASTEURIZED / PASTEURISÉ" and "REFRIGERATE AFTER OPENING / RÉFRIGÉRER APRÈS OUVERTURE".
** '''Marketing Claims:''' Both prominently display claims such as "Real Tea" (Vrai Thé), "Naturally Flavoured" (Aromatisé Naturellement), and "No Artificial Flavours and Colours Added".

=== 2. Compliance with Regulatory Requirements ===

* '''Mandatory Label Information:''' Lesson 04 dictates that labels must include bilingual text, a common name, net quantity, a nutrition label, and an ingredient list. Both Nestea bottles successfully display all of these mandatory elements in a legible format.
* '''Front-of-Package (FOP) Labeling:''' According to the Health Canada regulations highlighted in the lesson, foods high in specific nutrients (such as saturated fat, sodium, or sugars) must display an FOP warning symbol. Because the regular Nestea contains 31% of the Daily Value for sugars, it correctly displays the mandatory "High in Sugars" magnifying glass symbol.
* '''Sweetener Labelling:''' Lesson 04 notes that the presence of certain ingredients, such as sweeteners, triggers specific labeling requirements depending on the food. The Zero Sugar product complies by explicitly listing its artificial sweeteners (acesulfame potassium and sucralose) in the ingredient list.
* '''Nutrition Facts Consistency:''' The Nutrition Facts tables on both bottles follow the standardized format and accurately reflect the presence (or absence) of sugar, aligning with the regulatory function of Health Canada to establish standards of composition and identity.

== Personal Choice (5 points)==
Please submit your individual component of this assignment on Canvas to protect your privacy and your personal opinion

==References==
Please use the Wikipedia reference style. Provide a citation for every sentence, statement, thought, or bit of data not your own, giving the author, year, AND page.

'''Note:''' Before writing your wiki article on the UBC Wiki, it may be helpful to review the tips in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Writing_better_articles Wikipedia: Writing better articles].
# Walmart Canada. (n.d.). ''NESTEA Lemon Iced Tea 1.89 L''. Retrieved July 21, 2026. https://www.walmart.ca/en/ip/Nestea-Lemon-Iced-Tea-1-89L/2NTPZRSWDY25
# Walmart Canada. (n.d.). ''NESTEA Zero Sugar Iced Tea 1.89 L''. Retrieved July 21, 2026. https://www.walmart.ca/en/ip/Nestea-Zero-Sugar-Iced-Tea-1-89L/1CABXJ304FEY
#Health Canada. (2024, December 18). ''List of permitted sweeteners''. Government of Canada. Retrieved July 21, 2026. https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/food-nutrition/food-safety/food-additives/lists-permitted/9-sweeteners.html
# U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (2023, July 6). ''Types of food ingredients''. Retrieved July 21, 2026. https://www.fda.gov/food/food-additives-and-gras-ingredients-information-consumers/types-food-ingredients
#U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (2025, February 27). ''Aspartame and other sweeteners in food''. Retrieved July 21, 2026. https://www.fda.gov/food/food-additives-petitions/aspartame-and-other-sweeteners-food
#Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. (n.d.). ''21 CFR § 184.1069—Malic acid''. Retrieved July 21, 2026. https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-184/subpart-B/section-184.1069
#Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. (n.d.). ''21 CFR § 184.1625—Potassium citrate''. Retrieved July 21, 2026. https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-184/subpart-B/section-184.1625

<references/>

{{Projectbox FNH200}}
[[Category:Food_Science]]

File:Lemon sugar.png

2026-07-20T18:37:08Z

HanaYu: Uploaded a work by Nestle from www.walmart.ca with UploadWizard

=={{int:filedesc}}==
{{Information
|description={{en|1=Nestea lemon tea}}
|date=2026-07-20
|source=www.walmart.ca
|author=Nestle
|permission=
|other versions=
}}

=={{int:license-header}}==
{{cr-cdn-gov}}

File:Lemon zero sugar.png

2026-07-20T18:37:08Z

HanaYu: Uploaded a work by Nestle from www.walmart.ca with UploadWizard

=={{int:filedesc}}==
{{Information
|description={{en|1=Nestea lemon zero sugar}}
|date=2026-07-20
|source=www.walmart.ca
|author=Nestle
|permission=
|other versions=
}}

=={{int:license-header}}==
{{cr-cdn-gov}}

Course:FNH200/Assignments/2026/Nestea Iced Tea-Regular vs Sugar Free

2026-07-20T18:24:20Z

HanaYu: /* Labels (1 points) */

== Introduction ==
'''Nestea Iced Tea 1.89L (bottle) & Nestea Zero Sugar Iced Tea 1.89L (bottle)'''

Nestea is a popular iced tea brand owned by Nestlé. It is known for its refreshing brewed tea taste and natural lemon and peach flavours. In Canada, Nestea is widely available in ready-to-drink bottles, cans, and powdered drink mixes. It can be found at many supermarkets, convenience stores, and other retailers across Vancouver and the rest of Canada.

Our team focuses on the '''1.89 L bottled versions''' of Nestea Iced Tea and Nestea Zero Sugar Iced Tea.

== Post pictures (Mandatory) ==

Include photos of the two products of your choice, clearly showing the ingredient lists and the overall labels - mandatory, if you don't show it, the TA's can't mark the rest.

Instructions on how to add photos and images to UBC Wiki can be found here: [[Help:Adding Media/Images and Pictures|https://wiki.ubc.ca/Help:Adding_Media/Images_and_Pictures]]

[[File:Crepuscular Rays in GGP.jpg|thumbnail|right|Images from [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page Wikimedia Commons] can be embedded easily.]]

== Ingredient lists (4 points)==
# '''Regular version:''' Filtered water, sugars (glucose-fructose), citric acid, tea, potassium citrate, natural flavour [1]. '''Zero-sugar version:''' Filtered water, malic acid, tea, potassium citrate, acesulfame potassium, natural flavour, sucralose [2].
# '''Identification of substitutes and additives:''' In zero-sugar lemon iced tea, acesulfame potassium and Sucralose are used as sugar substitutes. Other additives include malic acid, potassium citrate, and natural lemon flavour. Health Canada classifies acesulfame potassium and Sucralose as permitted sweeteners [3].
#'''Functional roles of the substitutes and additives''' '''Acesulfame potassium and sucralose:''' These are high-intensity sweeteners that replace sugar in the zero-sugar product. They provide sweetness while contributing few or no calories, allowing the beverage to taste sweet without containing regular sugar [3, 5]. '''Citric acid:''' It acts as an acidulant and pH-control agent. It helps control acidity and provides the tart taste associated with lemon-flavoured beverages [4]. '''Malic acid:''' It contributes tartness and functions as a flavouring and pH-control agent in the zero-sugar product [6]. '''Potassium citrate:''' It functions mainly as a pH-control and buffering agent. It helps regulate acidity and balance the sour taste produced by citric acid or malic acid [7]. '''Natural flavour:''' It provides and strengthens the expected lemon flavour and aroma of both beverages [4].
# '''Comparison and Contrast of the Two Products:''' Both products contain filtered water, tea, potassium citrate, and natural flavour [1, 2]. Neither product contains a fat substitute. The main difference is the type of sweetener used. The regular product contains glucose-fructose, whereas the zero-sugar product contains acesulfame potassium and sucralose [1, 2]. Therefore, the regular version derives sweetness and calories from sugar, while the zero-sugar version maintains sweetness with few or no calories from high-intensity sweeteners [4, 5]. Overall, the zero-sugar product replaces glucose-fructose with high-intensity sweeteners, while retaining the main tea and lemon flavour characteristics of the regular product.

== Labels (1 points)==

=== '''1. Detailed Description of the Label Information''' ===

* '''Bilingual Text:''' All text on both bottles, including the product name, claims, nutrition facts, and ingredients, is presented in both English and French.
* '''Net Quantity:''' Both bottles display a net volume of 1.89 L on the front label.
* '''Common Name:''' Both products are clearly identified on the front label as "Iced Tea" in English and "Thé Glacé" in French.
* '''Nutrition Facts Table:''' Both labels feature a standardized nutrition panel based on a 1½ cup (375 mL) serving size.
** The regular Nestea contains 120 calories and 31 g of carbohydrates (which are all sugars), representing 31% of the Daily Value.
** The Zero Sugar alternative contains 5 calories, 0 g of carbohydrates/sugars, and 0% of the Daily Value for sugars.
* '''List of Ingredients:''' Both bottles include a complete list of ingredients located directly beneath the Nutrition Facts table. The Zero Sugar version specifically lists "Acesulfame potassium" and "Sucralose" as ingredients.
* '''Front of Package (FOP) Warning Label:''' The regular Nestea bottle features a recognizable Health Canada magnifying glass symbol on the front indicating it is "High in Sugars" and "Élevé en Sucres" in French. The Zero Sugar version does not have this symbol.
* '''Additional Product Information:'''
** '''Caffeine Content:''' Both bottles specify their caffeine content (16 mg per 375 mL for regular, 17 mg per 375 mL for Zero Sugar).
** '''Storage and Handling:''' Both labels contain the instructions "PASTEURIZED / PASTEURISÉ" and "REFRIGERATE AFTER OPENING / RÉFRIGÉRER APRÈS OUVERTURE".
** '''Marketing Claims:''' Both prominently display claims such as "Real Tea" (Vrai Thé), "Naturally Flavoured" (Aromatisé Naturellement), and "No Artificial Flavours and Colours Added".

=== 2. Compliance with Regulatory Requirements ===

* '''Mandatory Label Information:''' Lesson 04 dictates that labels must include bilingual text, a common name, net quantity, a nutrition label, and an ingredient list. Both Nestea bottles successfully display all of these mandatory elements in a legible format.
* '''Front of Package (FOP) Labeling:''' According to the Health Canada regulations highlighted in the lesson, foods high in specific nutrients (like saturated fat, sodium, or sugars) must display an FOP warning symbol. Because the regular Nestea contains 31% of the Daily Value for sugars, it correctly displays the mandatory "High in Sugars" magnifying glass symbol.
* '''Sweetener Labelling:''' Lesson 04 notes that the presence of certain ingredients, such as sweeteners, triggers specific labeling requirements depending on the food. The Zero Sugar product complies by explicitly listing its artificial sweeteners (Acesulfame potassium and Sucralose) in the ingredient list.
* '''Nutrition Facts Consistency:''' The Nutrition Facts tables on both bottles follow the standardized format and accurately reflect the presence (or absence) of sugar, aligning with the regulatory function of Health Canada to establish standards of composition and identity.

== Personal Choice (5 points)==
Please submit your individual component of this assignment on Canvas to protect your privacy and your personal opinion

==References==
Please use the Wikipedia reference style. Provide a citation for every sentence, statement, thought, or bit of data not your own, giving the author, year, AND page.

'''Note:''' Before writing your wiki article on the UBC Wiki, it may be helpful to review the tips in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Writing_better_articles Wikipedia: Writing better articles].
# Walmart Canada. (n.d.). ''NESTEA Lemon Iced Tea 1.89 L''. Retrieved July 21, 2026. https://www.walmart.ca/en/ip/Nestea-Lemon-Iced-Tea-1-89L/2NTPZRSWDY25
# Walmart Canada. (n.d.). ''NESTEA Zero Sugar Iced Tea 1.89 L''. Retrieved July 21, 2026. https://www.walmart.ca/en/ip/Nestea-Zero-Sugar-Iced-Tea-1-89L/1CABXJ304FEY
#Health Canada. (2024, December 18). ''List of permitted sweeteners''. Government of Canada. https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/food-nutrition/food-safety/food-additives/lists-permitted/9-sweeteners.html
# U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (2023, July 6). ''Types of food ingredients''. https://www.fda.gov/food/food-additives-and-gras-ingredients-information-consumers/types-food-ingredients
#U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (2025, February 27). ''Aspartame and other sweeteners in food''. https://www.fda.gov/food/food-additives-petitions/aspartame-and-other-sweeteners-food
#Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. (n.d.). ''21 CFR § 184.1069—Malic acid''. Retrieved July 21, 2026. https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-184/subpart-B/section-184.1069
#Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. (n.d.). ''21 CFR § 184.1625—Potassium citrate''. Retrieved July 21, 2026. https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-184/subpart-B/section-184.1625

<references/>

{{Projectbox FNH200}}
[[Category:Food_Science]]

File:Nestea Lemon Iced Tea Zero Sugar.png

2026-07-19T22:11:14Z

HanaYu: Uploaded a work by Nestle.ca from website with UploadWizard

=={{int:filedesc}}==
{{Information
|description={{en|1=Lemon iced tea zero sugar with nutrition facts}}
|date=2026-07-19
|source=website
|author=Nestle.ca
|permission=
|other versions=
}}

=={{int:license-header}}==
{{cr-cdn-gov}}

File:Nestea Lemon Iced Tea.png

2026-07-19T22:11:14Z

HanaYu: Uploaded a work by Nestle.ca from website with UploadWizard

=={{int:filedesc}}==
{{Information
|description={{en|1=Lemon Iced Tea drink with its nutrition facts}}
|date=2026-07-19
|source=website
|author=Nestle.ca
|permission=
|other versions=
}}

=={{int:license-header}}==
{{cr-cdn-gov}}

Course:FNH200/Assignments/2026/Nestea Iced Tea

2026-07-19T21:58:56Z

HanaYu: Created page with "Very briefly introduce your products here<ref>Sample Reference</ref>. This is a template for your assignment. Feel free to modify the headings and remove all the tips and instructions as you add details of your assignment here. == Introduction == Nestea iced tea is a ready to drink beverage made from real tea and natural lemon flavor. It is known for its refreshing and delicious taste, perfect for a hot day. It comes in different flavors and alternatives such as t..."

Very briefly introduce your products here<ref>Sample Reference</ref>.

This is a template for your assignment. Feel free to modify the headings and remove all the tips and instructions as you add details of your assignment here.

== Introduction ==
Nestea iced tea is a ready to drink beverage made from real tea and natural lemon flavor. It is known for its refreshing and delicious taste, perfect for a hot day. It comes in different flavors and alternatives such as the Nestea zero sugar. Nestea zero sugar is the sugar free alternative that contains no added sugar and less calories.

[[File:Crepuscular Rays in GGP.jpg|thumbnail|right|Images from [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page Wikimedia Commons] can be embedded easily.]]

== Ingredient lists (4 points)==
# Type out the lists of ingredients
# Identify fat substitutes, sugar substitutes, and/or additives used, if there is any
# Explain the roles of fat substitutes, sugar substitutes, and/or additives used in terms of the functional properties they contribute to the product
# Compare and contrast the lists of the two products and explain differences

== Labels (1 points)==
# Provide detailed description of the information found on the labels
# Indicate whether the information complies with the regulatory requirements as outlined in Lesson 04.

== Personal Choice (5 points)==
Please submit your individual component of this assignment on Canvas to protect your privacy and your personal opinion

==References==
Please use the Wikipedia reference style. Provide a citation for every sentence, statement, thought, or bit of data not your own, giving the author, year, AND page.

'''Note:''' Before writing your wiki article on the UBC Wiki, it may be helpful to review the tips in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Writing_better_articles Wikipedia: Writing better articles].<ref>En.wikipedia.org. (2018). Writing better articles. [online] Available at: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Writing_better_articles [Accessed 18 Jan. 2018].</ref>

<references/>

{{Projectbox FNH200}}
[[Category:Food_Science]]