Documentation:RelLex/Tutelo-Saponi (Monacan) Living Dictionary
Tutelo-Saponi (Monacan) Living Dictionary
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Language Name
Tutelo and Monacan.
Alternate Language Names
Tutelo: Tutelo-Saponi, Yesá:sahį́.
Monacan: Monyton.
Region
Tutelo: Virginia, West Virginia, and North Carolina, United States; Ontario, Canada.
Monacan: Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, and Ohio, United States.
Who
Marvin Richardson (Principal Investigator, Speaker, and Manager).
Others Involved
Matthew Richardson (Collaborator, Speaker, and Manager); Alexandra Sutton Lawrence, Diego Córdova Nieto, Vickie Jeffries (Managers); Anonymous Contributors; Anna Luisa Daigneault (Technical Assistant); David Kaufman (Linguist and Contributor); Gregory D.S. Anderson (Consultant) Corey Justin Roberts (Collaborator); Maksymilian Rębisz, Selena Syrett, Manuel Aguilera, Akano Johnson, Rachel Mattie, Unnamed Interns (Background Research, Editing, Data Entry); Gregory D.S. Anderson, K. David Harrison, Anna Luisa Daigneault, Jacob Bowdoin, Diego Córdova Nieto (Living Dictionaries Team); the Endangered Language Fund's Native Voices Endowment, Living Tongues Institute for Endangered Languages (Funding).
Publishing Information
This is an online dictionary created with the Living Dictionaries platform and does not display any launch or update dates. The citation directions list 2025, which may be the launch date.
How People are Cited
People are cited on the About and Contributors pages as well as on the Filters menu on the right side of the Entries page.
How Information is Cited
Contributors are cited anonymously and managers by name on the Contributors page. Any previously documented and/or published materials utilized in creating this dictionary are not cited.
Where is Information Coming from
Information in this dictionary comes from contributors and managers. Contributors are able to add and edit information, but cannot delete content, whereas managers can add, edit, and delete. Users can request to become contributors on the Contributors page by clicking the Request Access button and filling out the online form. It is unclear whether information has also been gathered from previously documented/published materials.
Tools and Framework used
This is an online multimedia dictionary which includes audio. It is built using the Living Dictionaries platform.
Access
This dictionary is open access.
Included Languages and Directionality
Tutelo/Monacan to English.
The creator's of this dictionary do not differentiate between Tutelo and Monacan.
Dialects Included
No dialect is specified for this dictionary.
Type of Dictionary
This is a bilingual, mono-directional online dictionary with a search function.
How are Entries Organised
Entries are organized alphabetically by Tutelo/Monacan, and each entry is a button that leads to the full entry when clicked on. Entries contain the Tutelo/Monacan headword and the English translation. Most entries also have the part of speech, the semantic domain, and an audio recording of the Tutelo/Monacan word. The dictionary can be sorted in several ways: through the part of speech, the semantic domain, the speaker, and a variety of other features such as whether the entry has an example sentence, an image, audio, and many more. Entries can also be searched in either English or Tutelo/Monacan.
There is a Grammar page that, as of mid-2025, has not been populated.
Other Features
| Feature | Included | More Information |
|---|---|---|
| Guide to use and understand | ❌ | |
| Audio | ✅ | In most entries |
| Images | ❌ | As of mid-2025, only in two entries |
| Example phrases | ❌ | As of mid-2025, only in four entries |
| Speakers marked | ❌ | Not marked, but identified through the side menu options |
| Dialects marked | ❌ | No dialect is specified |
Other Notes
This dictionary is an ongoing project that is built up largely by the language community's participation. Users can request to become contributors to the dictionary on the Contributors page by clicking the button Request Access.
External Links
Access the Tutelo-Saponi (Monacan) Living Dictionary on Living Dictionaries: https://livingdictionaries.app/tutelo-saponi/about
An article by Aislinn Antrim (June 4, 2019) on ICT News about the language revitalization and documentation process: https://ictnews.org/news/rebuilding-the-tutelo-saponi-language-for-tribes-next-generation