Hand, Martin, Sandywell, Barry. (2002). E-topia as Cosmopolis or Citadel: On the Democratizing and De-democratizing Logics of the Internet, or, Toward a Critique of the New Technological Fetishism.

Hand and Sandywell's "E-topia as Cosmopolis or Citadel" explores the many ways that societies and governments utilize and envision the future of the Internet.  The article notes how governments tend to take on more practical and instrumental approaches to government, while social justice organizations seek to use the Internet as a means for the dissemination of information.  The article is something of a cautionary tale for dualist thinkers who heavily define the boundaries of the social and the technical, through the lenses of the various utopias or dystopias that societies imagine the Internet will inevitably bring about.

By looking at contemporary dystopia narratives, especially those coming from cyber-exclusionists and global citadel theorists.  To the author, these thinkers concentrate too much on culturally received metaphors that reinforce dualist thinking.  Rather, the author believes that a critical view of the Internet that avoids such dystopian pitfalls and don't ignore complex issues raised by contemporary empirical studies can lead to a clearer understanding of larger ethno-political issues.  These new investigations, which may also include the Foucaultian study of more reflexive dimensions of artefacts and machines, rather than just positing on social construction alone.

I found this article to be very precise in its criticisms while fairly vague on its solutions and methodologies.  The article provides a step by step outline on how to eliminate dualist thinking using theories such as "Latourizing" technology studies and establishing public views of technology as rhetoric and social acts.  However, the article takes on too broad of topics (globalization, the policing of the Internet, debunking technology as a kind of fate) to equate all differing opinions to technological essentialism without providing more concrete and non-academic strategies.  I found it's critiques of democracy and dedemocratization being perceived as inevitable from a globalist front quite refreshing though, and it offers a very nice critique of the "authentically cosmopolitan" democratic communities that the Internet seems to reinforce.