Version Control

Version	Author	Role	Changes	Date
1.0	Gregory		Methods, deliverables, communication plan, milestones	Sep 22
1.1	Taisha		Project background, purpose & research question, editing, Wiki	Sep 22
1.1	Nicki		Methodology, Edited Wiki (methods, references, deliverable, success factors/criteria, and stakeholder summary)	Sep 29, Oct 1, Oct 2, Oct 3
2.1	Taisha		Wiki upload, revised project background, revised purpose & research question	Sep 29, Oct 1, Oct 2, Oct 4
2.1	Joyce		Advantages of research methods, added some other methods	Sep 29
2.1	Raman		Advantages & disadvantages of research methods, methods and purpose, Wiki editing	Sep 29, Oct 1, Oct 2, Oct 3
2.1	Haley		Stakeholder summary, methods, criteria	Oct 1, Oct 4
3.1	Taisha		Project summary, references, stakeholder email	Oct 22
3.1	Raman		Research Question	Oct 22
3.1	Nicki		Research Question	Oct 22
3.1	Haley		Interview questions, Deliverables revision on Wiki , community partner e-mails, community stakeholder e-mails	Oct 22, 23
3.1	Joyce		Interview questions,Edited and modified Milestones, community stakeholder emails	Oct 22,23,29
3.1	Christina		Interview questions	Oct 22
3.1	Gregory		Stakeholder emails	Oct 22
3.1	Jack		Interview questions	Oct 22
3.2	Gregory		Made change to purpose and references (Added D. Suzuki article), Interviewed Skipper Otto	Oct 29, 30
3.2	Haley		Met with and interviewed Skipper Otto, Ocean Wise	Oct 30
3.2	Nicki, Christina		Met with and interviewed Ocean Wise	Oct 30
3.2	Nicki, Raman		Edited Methods, added Interview Questions	Oct 29
3.2	Jack		Communication plan	Nov 1
3.2	Nicki		Stakeholder Summary, Research Questions, final edit	Nov 1
3.2	Taisha		Final edit	Nov 1
3.3	Haley		Interviewed Andrew Riseman, updated communication plan	Nov 6
3.3	Haley		Updated and organized milestones	Nov 9

Project Background (__ / 10)

The Centre for Sustainable Food Systems (CSFS) is a unique research centre located at the UBC Farm that that aims to understand and fundamentally transform local and global food systems towards a more sustainable, food-secure future (About, n.d.). The CSFS wishes to document the experiences of long-term stakeholders to capture their experiences with change within their field. To assist with this project we will look further into the BC salmon Industry through interviews and research. The BC salmon Industry is an important and ever-changing part of the food system in British Columbia. The BC salmon Industry includes both cultured (farmed) and wild-caught salmon and impacts the economy, environment, culture, health, and nutrition. Production within this industry involves many stakeholders including farmers, fisherman, processors, consumers, waste managers, community members, First Nations, and more.

The CSFS's vision and mission will be used to help identify themes from interviews, and guide us throughout the research process. The CSFS vision of exploring and exemplifying new globally significant paradigms for the design and function of sustainable communities and their ecological support system (About, n.d.) provides a contextual background for our research. The CSFS's mission of enabling UBC to be a global leader to create new patterns for sustainable and healthy communities integrated with their surrounding ecology, through research, learning, collaboration, community engagement, international dialogue and knowledge-dissimenation (About, n.d.) provides us with guidelines of what we should hope to achieve through our research.

Over the last 40 years, much has changed within the BC salmon Industry, and themes such as sustainability, food security, and food sovereignty over this time period will be explored. Food security, as outlined by the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations, exists when, “all people, at all times, have physical, social and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food which meets their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life” (Ostry, 2010). In order to achieve food security the four components of availability, stability of food supply, accessibility of food, and utilization of food (in culinary and cultural terms) must be met (Ostry, 2010). We are interested in finding out whether those involved in this industry believe the BC salmon industry is contributing to food security according to this definition and four contributing factors, and how the relationship between this industry and food security has changed over time. We also wish to consider whether the management, policies and technological developments within the BC salmon industry supports the Indigenous communities culturally, as well as environmentally, economically and socially. It has been identified that in coastal regions of British Columbia the food security of Indigenous Peoples has been severely effected by higher level and often distantly administered fisheries management on culturally important local fisheries stocks (including BC salmon) that has impeded Indigenous People’s efforts to sustain themselves and their environments (Turner, et al. 2013).

Stakeholder Summary (__ /5)

Name, Role & Organization	Responsibilities
Stakeholders OceanWise- a Vancouver Aquarium conservation program created to educate and empower consumers about the issues surrounding sustainable seafood (Vancouver Aquarium, 2014).Representative: Teddie Geach, seafood specialist. Skipper Otto's Community Supported Fishery- creates a direct connection between local fishermen and consumers with the joint goal of protecting ocean resources and improving the local food system. Representative: Shaun Strobel, co-founder/director of Skipper Otto, salmon fisherman (Skipper Otto's Community Supported Fishery, 2014). Canadian Research Chair (Tier I) in Fish Physiology, Culture and Conservation- Dr.Anthony (Tony) P. Farrell, UBC Department of Zoology, researcher in Fish physiology and conservation, research includes: Spawning migration of Pacific salmon and climate change (UBC Land and Food Systems, 2013). Professor in Applied Biology and Plant Breeding-UBC- Dr. Andrew Riseman, researcher and professor	Communicate with the group complete filmed interviews review and sign consent form
Group 19 Team Members, UBC students in Land and Food Systems 350 Nicki Kontogiannis- researcher Joyce Chan- researcher Raman Dulay- researcher Christina Tromp- researcher Haley Roeser- researcher Gregory Chun- researcher Taisha Mitchell- researcher Jack Chen- researcher	Proposal Wiki Proposal presentation Video to embed in WIki page Wiki report Communication with community partner and stakeholders Deliverables Milestones Systems diagram TCPS ethics tutorial completion
Hannah Wittman & Centre for Sustainable Food Systems Community Partner	Sign off on interview questions/plan Review proposal Review systems map

Purpose and Research Question (__ / 20)

Purpose

We aim to identify and analyze how changes in the past four decades in the BC salmon industry have impacted the multiple levels of this food system. In particular, we will explore themes such as sustainability, food security, and food sovereignty. Through interviews with long-term community stakeholders we wish to examine changes in the production, processing, distribution, consumption and waste management of the BC salmon industry. Interactions with stakeholders through interviews will provide the CSFS potential to create long-term relationships with individuals who are involved with the BC salmon industry. An accessible report, along with a short informative video including clips from interviews will be created to present our findings for present and future use by the CSFS.

Research Question

According to selected long-term stakeholders in the BC salmon industry, how have changes (technological developments, advances in sustainability, relationships with Indigenous communities, etc) within the in the last four decades affected the BC salmon industry and its respective food system?

Methods (__ / 20)

We will complete our research using qualitative research methods, particularly ethnographic interviews, and qualitative data analysis. These methods will allow us to identify themes and to code the textual data we have collected for later analysis. The ethnographic interviews will be between ourselves and stakeholders who have had long-term engagement with the BC salmon industry and represent several areas within this food system. We have reached out to a multitude of candidates, and based on the response we will interview stakeholders from Ocean Wise, Skipper Otto's, the Research Chair in Fish Physiology Culture and Cultivation, and a professor from UBC involved in an aquaponics research program through the Centre for Sustainable Food Systems. We will conduct separate face-to-face interviews by to give us first person perspectives and insight on how changes within this industry have impacted themselves at their respective level of engagement within this field. The interviews will be conducted the stakeholders' natural workspace, to adhere to the ethnographic research method outlined by Goodman (2011). Two or three of us will be present to conduct the interview, take notes, and to video and audio record. As there are several present for each interview, we will not be limited to a one researcher perspective. We will ask thirteen open ended questions during our interview [1]; these will contain eight "group specific" questions that our group has created, as well as five more general questions that have been generated through the collaboration between ourselves, and groups 20 and 21 (who are also completing projects with the same community partner). These questions have been critiqued, edited, and approved by our community partner Dr. Hannah Wittman to ensure that we the questions we ask will provide the CSFS with knowledge on food systems within the last 40 years, as well as capture the CSFS's vision and mission. The approval of our questions also helped to eliminate researcher bias that may have been overlooked in their preparation. With consent from the interviewee, the interviews will be video and voice recorded and later transcribed. With video and audio recording and transcription we will complete an edited video and final report.

Ethnographic research

Ethnographic research is a qualitative approach to examine cultural groups in their natural setting (Creswel, 2003). This research can be described as “an approach to learning about the social and cultural life of communities, institutions and other settings” (Goodman, 2011, p.1). The end product of ethnographic research is an ethnography- a construction of observations, conversations, discoveries and insights gathered through the research process and compiled at the end (Creswel, 2003). In ethnographic research the patterns of human thought and behavior are the focus to the research, and discovery is a key in its success (Goodman, 2011)

Disadvantages/Limitations of this research method:

There are disadvantages to ethnographic approaches to research. One may be that the perspective of the few people we interview may not reflect the opinions of the majority. To avoid this we should try to interview various people with different statuses to gain different perspectives on the current food system. Another limitation of ethnographic research is that it can be a "temporal artifact" (Rudkin, 2002), only providing us with views on a specific time period. Because of this, we must be careful not to make generalizations about our findings. At times language can also be a constraint in this type of research (Rudkin, 2012), where those in a cultural group may speak another language, use particular vocabulary, slang, or jargon. Lastly, it is up to the researcher(s) to minimize bias during their interviews and the interpretation. by remaining neutral (not tempting the interviewee to respond in a way they believe is 'more correct'), and during the interpretation of the interviews

Advantages of this research method

There are many advantages to using ethnographic research. Ethnography allows us to immerse ourselves into the lives of our participants to gain perspectives on their field, and to develop relationships with stakeholders. Also, with permission, filming of interviews and locations can be done to allow for visual data and analysis of body language and emotional behaviour. In addition, ethnographic research allows us to use both inductive and deductive approaches (LeCompte and Schensul, 1999). Furthermore this method ensure accuracy of the data, and aid the researcher to avoid bias.

Data Analysis

Ethnographic research methods will be employed for interpreting the processes and products of cultural behaviour in our study. Through immersion and engagement through fieldwork, the researcher will attempt to capture a culture (BC salmon industry) on film and in text. Unlike experimental research, data analysis in ethnographic research begins well before the data collection is complete (LeCompte & Schensul,1999). Data Analysis in ethnographic research:

"uses an iterative process in which cultural ideas that arise during active involvement “in the field” are transformed, translated, or represented in a written document. It involves sifting and sorting through pieces of data to detect and interpret thematic categorisations, search for inconsistencies and contradictions, and generate conclusions about what is happening and why" (Thorne, 2000).

The product of data analysis in our project will be a topology of interpretations, relations and variations within the BC salmon industry. Cognitive processes in data analysis will be used in comprehending the food system under study, outlined by Thorne (2000). Thorne (2000), further explains that by synthesizing a portrait of a phenomenon that accounts for relations and linkages, theorizing about how and why relations appear as they do, as well as recontextualizing new knowledge on a phenomena and its relations back into the context aids to articulate the evolving knowledge.

The data analysis process includes several levels of analysis by the ethnographer. These levels can be divided into item, pattern, structural, and complex levels of analysis, which are built sequentially upon the previous level. The “item level” includes the researcher organizing items into similar and dissimilar categories while being consistent throughout the process, upon categorizing these items, patterns emerge which can be grouped into a structural level of analysis. The final process of data analysis is the complex analysis where larger structural patterns are coded into themes and explanations (LeCompte & Schensul,1999). This process will be used to transcribe our interviews to make a final report and results. To avoid researcher biased, two or more of us will be involved in the coding process.

Ethic responsibilities to the community

As researchers conducted in the field we must maintain the integrity of the stakeholder's workplace and the community as a whole. We must respect the communities and people we come to contact with, ensuring our methods for observation and collection of data are not intrusive, offensive, and fall within ethical guidelines (Goodman, 2011). This requires us to maintain transparency in conducting our research to the community, our stakeholders and community partners.

Ethical responsibilities as a researcher:

Stay true to stakeholders accounts
Don’t persuade answers
Respect privacy and autonomy of stakeholder
Create a trusting relationship that can be maintained long-term with stakeholders
Inform interviewers of how their information will be used
Keep research information public and transparent
Respecting the space of the interviewer and the surrounding community
minimize bias when possible
adhere to TPCS ethics code

Resources needed

Interview time and space in the stakeholder's environment
Camera/ tape-recorder
Car/access to travel
Video/Sound editing equipment
Written permission from those who we are interviewing
Phones/computer access

Deliverables (__ / 5)

Deliverable	Description	Date
Proposal Presentation	We will create a slideshow and present it to our class in order to better explain our project idea and hear comments and concerns from our peers	Weekly
Email Communication	Regular contact with community partner and stakeholders and updating them with progress of the project.	Weekly/Periodically
Proposal and Team charter uploaded on Wiki page	We will upload this information onto our Wiki page for all to see and track the progress of our project	Friday, September. 26
TCPS ethics tutorial certificates completed by all research members	In order to conduct research for this project all team members took part in an ethics tutorial and we will display our certificates as validation of our completion	Wednesday, October. 1
Video embedded in Wiki	With the videos collected throughout our project we will create a short video discussing the BC Salmon industry and share it on our Wikipedia page. Our community research partner Hannah Wittman hopes to share our video in the future on the website for the UBC Centre for Sustainable Food Systems as well	Wednesday, December. 3
Results in a report, and published to Wiki page	After we have conducted our interviews we will compile our information into a written report and share on our Wiki page	Wednesday, December. 3

Success Factors/Criteria (__ / 10)

Teamwork and cohesion within the research team to complete project
Consistent communication with Community Partner
Ethical responsibilities are upheld
Consistent quality of interviews
Captivating and concise video for a wide audience
Keep community stakeholders informed and involved with our project
- Updating them with the disclosure of their information and appreciation of their involvement
- Creating a trusting relationship with them that can be maintained long term
Accessible final report for wide audience
Research aligns with the goals of the Centre for Sustainable food systems, and provides them with useful information that can be built upon for years to come

Scope Change

Initial project was centred around the physical UBC Farm. Project was revised to encompass a larger food commodity system and our current project is now focused on the BC salmon industry.

Communication Plan (__ / 5)

Information Sharing Via:

Google Docs
Facebook Group
Connect Group
LFS 350 Wiki
Email
Doodle (Availability Timetable)

Action Item	Deliverable	Dates	Accountable
Weekly Updates	Share information, and set personal goals (decided on w. group)	Wednesday's	All stakeholders to agree on the work they will be doing
Technical Meeting Attendance (in person where possible)	Work on project together/brainstorm/wiki updates	Decided upon (Doodle scheduling)	All stakeholders to work on the current object
Information sharing as it becomes available	Project Specific Information	Ongoing	All stakeholders to provide information in a timely manner and to provide prior and reasonable notice of dates when they will be unavailable
Information sharing with Hannah	Interview plan & questions/Proposal	When requested	One stakeholder to contact Hannah, but all stakeholders to contribute to the contents sent to Hannah
Information sharing from Megan	E-mails sent from Megan, directly posted on our Facebook page	When available	Haley

Milestones (__ / 5)

Milestone	Event or Deliverable	Target Date	Responsibility
Milestone 1	Project proposal	Monday, Sep 29	ALL
Milestone 2	Proposal presentation	Tuesday, Sep 30	ALL
Milestone 3	Interview questions	Fri, Oct 3	ALL
Milestone 4	Emailed TA draft interview questions for feedback	Wed, Oct 15	ALL
Milestone 5	4 hours Community Service in the farm	Wed, Oct 15	ALL
Milestone 6	Start email Stakeholders	Thurs, Oct 16	ALL
Milestone 7	Strategic Opportunity Highlights	Thurs, Oct 16	ALL
Milestone 8	Conduct interviews	Last 2 weeks of Oct	ALL
Milestone 9	Group Meeting for proposa,interview questions, discuss on feedback from Community Partner	Wed, Oct 22	ALL
Milestone 10	Set up Doodle to check avaliability for interview times	Sun, Oct 26	ALL
Milestone 11	Rearranged interview Questions, prepare for interview, group discussion	Wed, Oct 29	ALL
Milestone 12	Interviewing Stakeholders	Thurs, Oct 30	ALL
Milestone 13	Revised Proposal and Team Charter	Sat, Nov 1	ALL
Milestone 14	Early Findings Report	Thurs, Nov 6	ALL
Milestone 15	Final Strategic Opportunity Highlights	Thurs, Nov 20	ALL
Milestone 16	Final Report	Sun, Nov 30 (Actually due Dec 3)	ALL
Milestone 17	CSL Reflection	Fri, Dec 5	ALL

Approvals (__ / 5)

The following individuals hereby approve this Project Charter:

Role or Title	Name and Signature	Date
Community Partner	Dr. Hannah Wittman
Researcher	Gregory Chun	Oct 2/14
Researcher	Nicki Kontogiannis	Oct 2/14
Researcher	Joyce Chan	Oct 2/14
Researcher	Raman Dulay	Oct 2/14
Researcher	Christina Tromp	Oct 2/14
Researcher	Jack Chen	Oct 2/14
Researcher	Haley Roeser	Oct 2/14
Researcher	Taisha MItchell	Oct 2/14

Interview Questions

How long has your (organization) been involved with thee BC Salmon industry? What policies and regulations have most significantly impacted your work within the BC salmon industry? (group specific)
How has your personal role evolved in the Vancouver Food System?(collaborated)
What significant changes over the past 40 years have impacted your business most significantly? (group specific)
What do you see as the biggest challenge to the sustainability of our current food system? (collaborated)
Tell me about your [company/project/work]. Is there any aspect of your work that you feel touches on issues of sustainability? Tell us about these. (collaborated)
How does the salmon industry affect food security/sustainability in BC? (group specific)
What are the greatest factors/ influences surrounding sustainability issues within the BC Salmon industry? (group specific)
What do you see as the biggest challenge to the sustainability of our current food system? (collaborated)
Are there any misunderstanding about the BC Salmon industry that members of the public may have that you want to clarify?(group specific)
What do you think the biggest milestones have been over the last four decades in the BC Salmon industry? (group specific)
Achievements/ failures in the past 4 decades and why do you think it works/does not work? (group specific)
Do you guys have difficulties in marketing, advertising or promoting the salmon industry to the public? (group specific)
Where do you see your [company/project/work] in the future? (collaborated)

We have indicated which of these questions have been created solely by our group for the scope of our project - group specific, and which questions have been created together with group 20 & 21 - collaborated.

References (__ / 5)

About. (n.d.). Retrieve from: http://ubcfarm.ubc.ca/about/

BC Salmon Facts.(n.d.). Retrieved from: http://www.bcsalmonfacts.ca/#!/fact/employment

Creswell, J. W. (2003). Research design: qualitative, quantitative, and mixed method approaches. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage Publications. (pp. 3-23)

Goodman, V. (2011). Applying Ethnographic Research Methods in Library and Information Settings. Libri, 61(1), pp. 1-11. doi:10.1515/libr.2011.001

Le Compte, M.D., & Schensul, J.J. (1999). Designing & Conducting Ethnographic Research. London, UK: Sage Publications.

Ministry of Agriculture. (2012). 2011 British Columbia Seafood Industry in Review. Retrieved from British Columbia Seafood Statistics website: http://www.env.gov.bc.ca/omfd/reports/Seafood-YIR-2011.pdf

Ostry, A. (2010). Food for thought: The issues and challenges of food security. Retrieved from: http://www.phsa.ca/NR/rdonlyres/2AC7CD45-6815-4DA2-8EE4-A26AD6FB9278/71548/FoodforThought_IssuesChallengesofFoodsecurity.pdf

Rudkin, K. (2002) Applying critical ethnographic methodology and method in accounting research. Critical Perspectives on Accounting Conference. 25-27 April 2002 (pp. 1 - 33). New York: Baruch College.

Skipper Otto's Community Supported Fishery. (2014).Meet The Fisherman. Retrieved from http://skipperotto.com/meet-the-fishermen/

Suzuki, D. (2014) Salmon farms: Has anything changed after a decade of controversy?. David Suzuki Foundation. (1989). http://www.davidsuzuki.org/blogs/science-matters/2014/05/salmon-farms-has-anything-changed-after-a-decade-of-controversy/

Thorne, S. (2000). Data Analysis in Qualitative Research. Evid Based Nurs (3)3:p 68-70 doi:10.1136/ebn.3.3.68

Timeline. (2014) Retrieved from: https://www.psf.ca/timeline

Turner, N. et al. (2013). Blundering Intruders: Extraneous impacts on two Indigenous food systems. Hum Ecol. 41: 563- 574.

UBC Land and Food Systems. (2013). Anthony (Tony) P. Farrell. Retrieved from http://people.landfood.ubc.ca/anthony.farrell/

Vancouver Aquarium. (2014). OceanWise. Retrieved from http://www.oceanwise.ca

Writing Quality (__ / 10)

For a proposal report to receive full writing quality marks, it should be well organized and easy to read. It should address all of the topics articulated in the assignment details above, and it should be free of grammar, punctuation, and spelling mistakes.